Heat-stable enterotoxin

Heat-stable enterotoxin

Pfam_box
Symbol = STb_secrete
Name = Heat-stable enterotoxin B, secretory


width =
caption =
Pfam= PF09075
InterPro= IPR015160
SMART=
PROSITE=PDOC00246
SCOP = 1ehs
TCDB =
OPM family=
OPM protein= 1ehs
PDB=PDB3|1ehs :24-71

Heat-stable enterotoxins are secretory peptides produced by some bacterial strains. These peptides keep their 3D structure and remain active at 100oC. Different STs recognize distinct receptors on the cell surface and thereby affect different intracellular signaling pathways. For example, STa enterotoxins bind and activate membrane-bound guanylate cyclase, which leads to the intracellular accumulation of cyclic GMP and downstream effects on several signaling pathways. These events lead to the loss of electrolytes and water from intestinal cells.

Members of heat-stable enterotoxin B family assume a helical secondary structure, with two alpha helices forming a disulfide cross-linked alpha-helical hairpin. The disulfide bonds are crucial for the toxic activity of the protein, and are required for maintenance of the tertiary structure, and subsequent interaction with the particulate form of guanylate cyclase, increasing cyclic GMP levels within the host intestinal epithelial cellscite journal |author=Rizo J, Gierasch LM, Sukumar M, Wall M, Dreyfus LA, Kupersztoch YM |title=The structure of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin b by nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism |journal=Protein Sci. |volume=4 |issue=9 |pages=- |year=1995 |pmid=8528070] .

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