George Nissen

George P. Nissen (born February 1, 1914 in Blairstown, Iowa) is an American gymnast and inventor who developed the modern trampoline and made trampolining a worldwide sport.

Nissen became a keen gymnast in high school and won three NCAA gymnastics championships while a student at the University of Iowa. He had seen circus trapeze artists use their safety nets as an elastic bed to rebound and perform additional tricks. He thought that this would be a useful training tool for his tumbling. In 1934, Nissen and his coach, Larry Griswold, built the prototype trampoline from angle iron with a canvas bed and rubber springs. Nissen used it to help with his training and to entertain children at a summer camp.

After he had graduated in Business Studies in 1937, Nissen and two friends toured the United States of America and Mexico performing at fairs and carnivals. While in Mexico, he heard the word "trampolín", springboard in Spanish, and decided to use it for his bouncing apparatus. He trademarked the word in an anglicised form. He built a few trampolines and promoted the sale of his trampolines by touring performances, which did gradually increase sales. In 1941, he and Griswold set up the Griswold-Nissen Trampoline & Tumbling Company in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

During the Second World War the trampoline was used to train pilots by getting them used to orienting themselves in the air. After the war Nissen continued to promote the trampoline and began touring in Europe and later the Soviet Union promoting both the sport of ""rebound tumbling"" and his trampoline equipment. Nissen set up a branch plant of his company in Brentwood, Essex in 1956 and manufactured trampolines there for many years. Brentwood still has a thriving trampolining community but no longer a local factory. But by this time other manufacturers had started to make similar equipment and eventually, although the word trampoline was originally a trademark, it became a generic word for rebound apparatus. Nissen's company ceased operations in the 1980s.

Nissen continued to have an influence on gymnastics and trampolining. In 1971, with Larry Griswold, he founded the United States Tumbling and Trampoline Association (USTA). He has been honoured by the sports of both trampolining and gymnastics. The USTA has the Griswold-Nissen Cup for an outstanding trampolinist. There is an international trampolining competition held in Switzerland called the Nissen Cup. In the United States, the Nissen-Emery Award is given to the best male senior gymnast in the College gymnastics system.

Nissen is still involved in a trampoline manufacturing business making trampolines for exercise and for "spaceball", a game similar to volleyball, but played on a trampoline surface.

Nissen had always wanted to have trampolining included in the Olympic Games. This finally happened in the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. In 2008, Nissen was able to travel to Beijing to watch the trampoline event at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

References

* [http://www.wvtc.co.uk/history19.htm Biography of George Nissen]
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