PAPOLA

Poly(A) polymerase alpha
PDB rendering based on 1f5a.
Available structures PDB 1f5a, 1q78, 1q79
Identifiers
Symbols	PAPOLA; MGC5378; PAP
External IDs	OMIM: 605553 MGI: 109301 HomoloGene: 23389 GeneCards: PAPOLA Gene
EC number	2.7.7.19
Gene Ontology Molecular function • nucleotide binding • magnesium ion binding • RNA binding • polynucleotide adenylyltransferase activity • polynucleotide adenylyltransferase activity • ATP binding • transferase activity • nucleotidyltransferase activity • manganese ion binding Cellular component • nucleus • nucleus • nucleoplasm • nucleolus • cytoplasm Biological process • nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome • transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • termination of RNA polymerase II transcription • mRNA polyadenylation • mRNA processing • RNA splicing • gene expression • mRNA 3'-end processing • RNA polyadenylation Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	10914	18789
Ensembl	ENSG00000090060	ENSMUSG00000021111
UniProt	P51003	Q3V141
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_032632	NM_011112.3
RefSeq (protein)	NP_116021	NP_035242.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 14: 96.97 – 97.03 Mb	Chr 12: 107.02 – 107.08 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Poly(A) polymerase alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAPOLA gene.^[1][2][3]

References

1. ^ Thuresson AC, Astrom J, Astrom A, Gronvik KO, Virtanen A (Mar 1994). "Multiple forms of poly(A) polymerases in human cells". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91 (3): 979–83. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.3.979. PMC 521437. PMID 8302877. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=521437. 
2. ^ Yamauchi T, Sugimoto J, Hatakeyama T, Asakawa S, Shimizu N, Isobe M (Sep 1999). "Assignment of the human poly(A) polymerase (PAP) gene to chromosome 14q32.1-q32.2 and isolation of a polymorphic CA repeat sequence". J Hum Genet 44 (4): 253–5. doi:10.1007/s100380050154. PMID 10429366. 
3. ^ "Entrez Gene: PAPOLA poly(A) polymerase alpha". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10914. 

Further reading

• Weichs an der Glon C, Ashe M, Eggermont J, Proudfoot NJ (1993). "Tat-dependent occlusion of the HIV poly(A) site.". EMBO J. 12 (5): 2119–28. PMC 413433. PMID 8491200. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=413433. 
• Pendurthi UR, Alok D, Rao LV (1997). "Binding of factor VIIa to tissue factor induces alterations in gene expression in human fibroblast cells: up-regulation of poly(A) polymerase.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (23): 12598–603. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.23.12598. PMC 25051. PMID 9356495. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=25051. 
• Varani L, Gunderson SI, Mattaj IW, et al. (2000). "The NMR structure of the 38 kDa U1A protein - PIE RNA complex reveals the basis of cooperativity in regulation of polyadenylation by human U1A protein.". Nat. Struct. Biol. 7 (4): 329–35. doi:10.1038/74101. PMID 10742179. 
• Mouland AJ, Coady M, Yao XJ, Cohen EA (2002). "Hypophosphorylation of poly(A) polymerase and increased polyadenylation activity are associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr expression.". Virology 292 (2): 321–30. doi:10.1006/viro.2001.1261. PMID 11878934. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Kim H, Lee JH, Lee Y (2003). "Regulation of poly(A) polymerase by 14-3-3epsilon.". EMBO J. 22 (19): 5208–19. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdg486. PMC 204469. PMID 14517258. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=204469. 
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039. 
• Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, et al. (2004). "A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway.". Nat. Cell Biol. 6 (2): 97–105. doi:10.1038/ncb1086. PMID 14743216. 
• Kaufmann I, Martin G, Friedlein A, et al. (2005). "Human Fip1 is a subunit of CPSF that binds to U-rich RNA elements and stimulates poly(A) polymerase.". EMBO J. 23 (3): 616–26. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600070. PMC 1271804. PMID 14749727. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1271804. 
• Dettwiler S, Aringhieri C, Cardinale S, et al. (2005). "Distinct sequence motifs within the 68-kDa subunit of cleavage factor Im mediate RNA binding, protein-protein interactions, and subcellular localization.". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (34): 35788–97. doi:10.1074/jbc.M403927200. PMID 15169763. 
• Colland F, Jacq X, Trouplin V, et al. (2004). "Functional proteomics mapping of a human signaling pathway.". Genome Res. 14 (7): 1324–32. doi:10.1101/gr.2334104. PMC 442148. PMID 15231748. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=442148. 
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, et al. (2004). "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (33): 12130–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.0404720101. PMC 514446. PMID 15302935. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=514446. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928. 
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network.". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.