GPNMB

Glycoprotein (transmembrane) nmb, also known as GPNMB, is a human gene. The mouse and rat orthologues of GPNMB are known as DC-HIL and Osteoactivin, respectively.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GPNMB glycoprotein (transmembrane) nmb| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10457| accessdate = ]

PBB_Summary
section_title =
summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein which shows homology to the pMEL17 precursor, a melanocyte-specific protein. GPNMB was originally shown to be expressed in poorly metastatic human melanoma cell lines and xenografts and not expressed in highly metastatic cell lines. However, more recent studies have identified high GPNMB expression in aggressive melanoma, glioma, and breast cancer specimens. Further, GPNMB has been shown to promote a metastatic phenotype in in vitro ad in vivo assays. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GPNMB glycoprotein (transmembrane) nmb| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10457| accessdate = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Weterman MA, Ajubi N, van Dinter IM, "et al." |title=nmb, a novel gene, is expressed in low-metastatic human melanoma cell lines and xenografts. |journal=Int. J. Cancer |volume=60 |issue= 1 |pages= 73–81 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7814155 |doi=
*cite journal | author= |title=Toward a complete human genome sequence. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=8 |issue= 11 |pages= 1097–108 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9847074 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Ahn JH, Lee Y, Jeon C, "et al." |title=Identification of the genes differentially expressed in human dendritic cell subsets by cDNA subtraction and microarray analysis. |journal=Blood |volume=100 |issue= 5 |pages= 1742–54 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12176896 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, "et al." |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899
*cite journal | author=Bandari PS, Qian J, Yehia G, "et al." |title=Hematopoietic growth factor inducible neurokinin-1 type: a transmembrane protein that is similar to neurokinin 1 interacts with substance P. |journal=Regul. Pept. |volume=111 |issue= 1-3 |pages= 169–78 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12609765 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Bächner D, Schröder D, Gross G |title=mRNA expression of the murine glycoprotein (transmembrane) nmb (Gpnmb) gene is linked to the developing retinal pigment epithelium and iris. |journal=Brain Res. Gene Expr. Patterns |volume=1 |issue= 3-4 |pages= 159–65 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12638126 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Basrur V, Yang F, Kushimoto T, "et al." |title=Proteomic analysis of early melanosomes: identification of novel melanosomal proteins. |journal=J. Proteome Res. |volume=2 |issue= 1 |pages= 69–79 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12643545 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Scherer SW, Cheung J, MacDonald JR, "et al." |title=Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology. |journal=Science |volume=300 |issue= 5620 |pages= 767–72 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12690205 |doi= 10.1126/science.1083423
*cite journal | author=Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, "et al." |title=The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. |journal=Nature |volume=424 |issue= 6945 |pages= 157–64 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12853948 |doi= 10.1038/nature01782
*cite journal | author=Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, "et al." |title=The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=13 |issue= 10 |pages= 2265–70 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12975309 |doi= 10.1101/gr.1293003
*cite journal | author=Owen TA, Smock SL, Prakash S, "et al." |title=Identification and characterization of the genes encoding human and mouse osteoactivin. |journal=Crit. Rev. Eukaryot. Gene Expr. |volume=13 |issue= 2-4 |pages= 205–20 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14696968 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Colland F, Jacq X, Trouplin V, "et al." |title=Functional proteomics mapping of a human signaling pathway. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 7 |pages= 1324–32 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15231748 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2334104
*cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, "et al." |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504
*cite journal | author=Metz RL, Yehia G, Fernandes H, "et al." |title=Cloning and characterization of the 5' flanking region of the HGFIN gene indicate a cooperative role among p53 and cytokine-mediated transcription factors: relevance to cell cycle regulation. |journal=Cell Cycle |volume=4 |issue= 2 |pages= 315–22 |year= 2006 |pmid= 15684612 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Haralanova-Ilieva B, Ramadori G, Armbrust T |title=Expression of osteoactivin in rat and human liver and isolated rat liver cells. |journal=J. Hepatol. |volume=42 |issue= 4 |pages= 565–72 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15763343 |doi= 10.1016/j.jhep.2004.12.021
*cite journal | author=Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, "et al." |title=Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. |journal=Nature |volume=437 |issue= 7062 |pages= 1173–8 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16189514 |doi= 10.1038/nature04209
*cite journal | author=Lennerz V, Fatho M, Gentilini C, "et al." |title=The response of autologous T cells to a human melanoma is dominated by mutated neoantigens. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=102 |issue= 44 |pages= 16013–8 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16247014 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.0500090102
*cite journal | author=Oh JH, Yang JO, Hahn Y, "et al." |title=Transcriptome analysis of human gastric cancer. |journal=Mamm. Genome |volume=16 |issue= 12 |pages= 942–54 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16341674 |doi= 10.1007/s00335-005-0075-2
*cite journal | author=Kuan CT, Wakiya K, Dowell JM, "et al." |title=Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B, a potential molecular therapeutic target in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. |journal=Clin. Cancer Res. |volume=12 |issue= 7 Pt 1 |pages= 1970–82 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16609006 |doi= 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2797
*cite journal | author=Chi A, Valencia JC, Hu ZZ, "et al." |title=Proteomic and bioinformatic characterization of the biogenesis and function of melanosomes. |journal=J. Proteome Res. |volume=5 |issue= 11 |pages= 3135–44 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17081065 |doi= 10.1021/pr060363j
*cite journal | author = Rose, A.A.N.| coauthors = Pepin, F.; Russo, C.; Abou Khalil, J.E.; Hallett, M.; Siegel, P.M.| year = 2007| title = Osteoactivin Promotes Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone| journal = Molecular Cancer Research| volume = 5| issue = 10 | pages = 1001| doi = 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-07-0119

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