Carmans River

Infobox_River
river_name = Carmans River


caption =
origin = Cathedral Pines County Park near Middle Island, New York
mouth = Bellport Bay at Shirley, New York
basin_countries = United States
length = convert|10|mi|km|0|abbr=on
elevation = Approximately convert|249|ft|m|0
mouth_elevation = 0
discharge = convert|21|cuft|m3|0/second
watershed = convert|71|sqmi|km2|0|abbr=onThe Carmans River is a convert|10|mi|km|sing=on long river in Brookhaven in Suffolk County on Long Island.

It is one of the four largest rivers on Long Island and is like the other Long Island rivers in that is totally groundwater generated (e.g., no lakes). Almost all of the river is specifically protected by the Central Long Island Pine Barrens. All of it is designated by New York State as either a "Scenic River" or a "Recreational River."

The river, which was earlier once called the Connecticut River (in connection with early settlers from Connecticut) is named for Samuel Carman who married into milling families on the river in the 1800s and operated a hunting club for residents of New York City.

It is fresh water for the first eight miles (13 km) and then becomes an estuary for the last two.

There are four dams on the upper river at Upper Mill Pond, Lower Mill Pond, Southaven Park, and the Sunrise Highway.

Adjoining the river is the Wertheim National Wildlife Refuge.

The river formed the western boundary of the massive Manor of St. George under William "Tangier" Smith who in the 1600s owned most of modern day Brookhaven south of the Sunrise Highway. A manor subsequently built by the Smith family is located in Shirley at the mouth.

In 1967 Art Cooley,Bellport, New York school teacher, noting a decline in the osprey population on the river was one of the founders of the Environmental Defense Fund which was to lead the fight to ban DDT.

References

* [http://www.nyswaterfronts.com/downloads/pdfs/sig_hab/LongIsland/Carmans_River.pdf NYSwaterfronts.com profile of river]
* [http://brookhavensouthhaven.org/carmens_river.htm brookhavensouthhaven.org profile of river]
* [http://www.carman.net/carman_river.htm Carmnet profile of river]