Polymer turbulence drag reduction
- Polymer turbulence drag reduction
In 1948 Toms discovered by experiments that the addition of a small amount of polymer into a turbulent Newtonian solvent (parts per million by weight), whichresults in a Non-Newtonian fluid solution, can reduce the skin fictional drag on a stationarysurface by up to 80% . This technology has been successfullyimplemented to reduce pumping cost for oil pipelines, to increase the flow rate infire fighting equipments and to help irrigation and drainage (Sellin & Ollis, 1980;Khalil et al., 2002). It also has potential applications in the design of ship and submarinehulls to achieve an increased speed and reduced energy cost.
On-going Research
The drag reducing mechanism of polymers on turbulent flows is yet to be fully understood, despite of the large body of researches on this topic.
See also
FENE-P
Direct numerical simulation
External links
* [http://www.alyeska-pipe.com/default.asp Alyeska Pipe Line]
* [http://www.ph.unito.it/~smusacch/tesi/ EFFECTS OF FRICTION AND POLYMERS ON 2D TURBULENCE]
References
Toms, B. 1948 Observation on the flow of linear polymer solutions throughstraight tubes at large Reynolds numbers. Proc. Int’l Rheological Congress 2,135–141
Sellin, R. H. J. & Ollis, M. 1980 Polymer drag reduction in large pipes andsewers: Results of recent field trials. Journal of Rheology
Khalil, M. F., Kassab, S. Z., Elmiligui, A. A. & Naoum, F. A. 2002Applications of drag-reducing polymers in sprinkler irrigation systems: Sprinklerhead performance. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Jin S 2007 Numerical simulations of a dilute polymer solution in isotropic turbulence PhD Thesis Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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