DARPA Grand Challenge (2004)

DARPA Grand Challenge (2004)
Main article: DARPA Grand Challenge
Red Team Racing's 1986 HMMWV Sandstorm

Announced in 2002, the first DARPA Grand Challenge was a driverless car competition held on March 13, 2004 in the Mojave Desert region of the United States, along a 150 miles (240 km) route that follows along the path of Interstate 15 from just before Barstow, California to just past the California-Nevada border in Primm.[1] None of the robot vehicles finished the route. The vehicle of Carnegie Mellon University's Red Team traveled the farthest distance, completing 11.78 km (7.32 mi) of the course.[1][2] The $1 million prize remained unclaimed.[2]

Contents

Preliminary tests

Prior to the main event in the Mojave Desert, the twenty-one qualifying teams were required to navigate a mile-long obstacle course at California Speedway.[3] Seven teams were able to successfully complete the entire course, while eight others almost completed a portion of the course to the satisfaction of the judges, resulting in fifteen vehicles allowed to start the final race.[3]

The event

Unfortunately, the failures of the vehicles during the preliminary tests were indicative of how the vehicles would perform on the actual course. Two of the fifteen vehicles had to be withdrawn before the final race began;[4] one car flipped upside down in the starting area and had to be withdrawn.[4] Three hours into the event that was scheduled to last ten hours, only four vehicles remained operational. The vehicles that failed suffered from a variety of mechanical problems: "stuck brakes, broken axles, rollovers, and malfunctioning satellite navigation equipment."[5]

Within a few hours, all of the vehicles in the challenge had suffered critical vehicle failures, had been disqualified, or had withdrawn. The farthest any of the teams had gotten was the Red Team's 7.4 miles (11.9 km), less than 5% off the full length of the course. Their vehicle Sandstorm went off-course in a hairpin turn and got stuck on the embankment.[1] The next farthest vehicles were those of the SciAutonics II Team, which traversed 6.7 miles (10.8 km) before becoming stuck on an embankment;[1] Digital Auto Drive, which drove 6.0 miles (9.7 km) before getting stuck on a rock;[1] and the Golem Group, which made it 5.2 miles (8.4 km) before getting trapped on a steep hill.[1]

The results

Team ENSCO's vehicle, DAVID

Although the initial race was deemed a failure due to no vehicles even achieving anything close to the goal, DARPA had committed to running the challenge again for as long as Congressional authority allowed (which would have run to 2007, but the goal was reached in 2005).

The first Grand Challenge is considered by some to be a success in any event, merely on the basis that it has spurred interest and innovation.[1] The requisite logic dictates that, as long as overall forward progress is being made, the program is a success.

In addition to the difficulty many vehicles had with the harsh terrain, a critical problem many initial designs had concerned the inability to handle two distinct problems simultaneously: sensing upcoming obstacles and following the GPS waypoints. DARPA Grand Challenge deputy program manager Tom Strat said, "some of the vehicles were able to follow the GPS waypoints very accurately; but were not able to sense obstacles ahead....Other vehicles were very good at sensing obstacles, but had difficulty following waypoints or were scared of their own shadow, hallucinating obstacles when they weren't there."[2]

Several teams returned again the next year, taking the lessons that they learned from the 2004 event and applying them to their designs.[2]

Animation2.gif Robotics portal

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Joseph Hooper (2004-06). "From Darpa Grand Challenge 2004: DARPA's Debacle in the Desert". Popular Science. http://www.popsci.com/popsci/darpachallenge/b05a1196aeb84010vgnvcm1000004eecbccdrcrd.html. 
  2. ^ a b c d Marsha Walton (2004-05-06). "Robots fail to complete Grand Challenge". CNN. http://www.cnn.com/2004/TECH/ptech/03/14/darpa.race/index.html. 
  3. ^ a b "The robots were put through obstacle and speed tests to make sure they would be safe. While only seven teams completed the speedway course, eight others came close enough to convince judges that they could safely compete." Marsha Walton (2004-05-04). "15 teams qualify for Mojave robot race". CNN. http://www.cnn.com/2004/TECH/ptech/03/12/darpa.race/index.html. 
  4. ^ a b "Desert race too tough for robots". BBC. 2004-05-15. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3512270.stm. 
  5. ^ Andrew Bridges (Associated Press) (2004-05-13). "$1 Million Pentagon-Sponsored Robot Race Ends As All Entries Break Down". Space.com. http://www.space.com/businesstechnology/technology/darpa_race_040313.html. 

External links

Official sites

TV & Video coverage

Press Coverage

Team Sites


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