Two Old Women

infobox Book |
name = Two Old Women
title_orig =
translator =


image_caption =
author = Velma Wallis
illustrator =
cover_artist =
country = flagicon|USA United States
language = English
series =
genre = novel
publisher = Epicenter Press, Fairbanks/Seattle
pub_date = 1993
english_pub_date =
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pages =
isbn = 9780704344242
preceded_by =
followed_by = Bird Girl and the Man Who Followed the Sun (1996)

"Two old women" is a 1993 novel by Velma Wallis, set in Fairbanks, Alaska.

In archaic times: Two old women spend the winter abandoned by their tribe in the wilderness.

Plot summary

Long before the Europeans came, nomads roamed the polar region of Alaska in constant search for game. The people of the Gwich'in, who belong to the Athabaska tribes, wander the areas around the Yukon River, the Porcupine River, the Tanana River and their tributaries.

Because of a lack of food and an upcoming strict winter, one of these Gwich'in nomad groups decides to leave behind two old women in the snow-covered wilderness.Left back and dumbfounded in fright, 75-year-old Sa' and 80-year-old Ch'idzigyaak remain seated in the snow after the leader announced the decision to the tribe. Before moving on, Ch'idzigyaak's daughter gives them an untanned elk's skin. As another familial gesture, Ch'idzigyaak's grandson hides his osseous hatchet, which is the symbol of his manhood, for the two women. The tribe leaves. Left back to themselves, the two women at first sit silently. In their desperation, however, they decide it's better to die trying to survive. Sa' succeeds in killing a squirrel using the hatchet as a weapon. The two women boil the meat and drink the broth. They then go on to set rabbit traps and in the middle of the night wake to animal noises: they find two rabbits in their traps. The women now decide to move on to hunt better game. In order to cross the snow, they make themselves snowshoes. Eventually, they reach a river where their tribe had fished successfully in the warmer season. On each night of their journey of several days, the women dig a snow shelter protected by animal hides. They save the embers of their campfires to start a new fire the next evening. In this way, the fire never goes out. In the mornings, the two old women complain about their pains in the joints. Finally they reach their familiar river and set up a winter camp there. However, they hide inland from The People, another tribe, for fear of cannibalism. Fortunately, the two old women succeed in building up a generous supply of food made up of smoked musquashes and beavers. In the summer, they catch large amounts of fish and manage to dry and store them away.

In the next winter, the tribe returns to the area. The leader concludes that the two women must have survived because there are no remains of them. He believes that if they can find the women, the tribe might be able to muster a new sense of survival, for his people are starving after having had little hunting luck all through winter. The leader sends off Daagqq, a tracker, and a few young warriors to locate the women. The weak group staggers away. But Daagqq picks up the scent of smoke, and before long they track down the women's camp. The two women at first do not trust the small group but Daagqq gives both of them his word: the men want peace with the two women. Sa' and Ch'idzigyaak hesitate for a long time. In the end they sense that Daagqq is honest. They submit to his request for they had been in fact very lonely, missing their home tribe a lot. However, they do not admit this right away. In spite of their deep mistrust (from having been left alone to die before) their hearts grow soft again. So in the end the two old women deliver rations of food to their own people. Ch'idzigyaak's grandson makes an effort and visits them in the camp, but the daughter is still ashamed and does not visit for a while. In the end, however, the daughter finally visits the mother.

From then on the Gwich'in never ever leave their elderly behind.

Style and themes

The fable is reported in a very sober - and therefore persuasive - tone. Every move of the two old women is highly plausible. Because they are women they can tell each other, buried alive in the snow, about their lives (with men) and thus get very close to each other. The mental development of the story - the initial terror, then getting into action, hoarding food and, finally, considering not to hand over their stocks to the starving tribesfolk - is absolutely comprehensible for the readers. This is a consistent prose that works without any great breaks.

Reading the book makes you contemplative. Real insight only brightens after the reading. In the beginning, for example, cannibalism is picked out as a central theme. However, the problem dissolves in the sequence of events as if it were unimportant after all; as two old women dry fish and smoke game, it becomes in effect groundless. Nothing in the entire text is far-fetched.

See also

* [http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/0945397186 Winner 1993 Western States Book Award]

Editions

*Velma Wallis: "Two Old Women. An Alaskan Legend Of Betrayal, Courage And Survival", Harper Collins, 1993
*Velma Wallis: "Two Old Women. An Alaskan Legend Of Betrayal, Courage And Survival", The Women's Press Ltd, (UK), 2000, 160 p., ISBN: 9780704344242, ISBN-10: 0704344246
*Velma Wallis: "Zwei alte Frauen. Eine Legende von Verrat und Tapferkeit". 129 p. Munich 1994, ISBN 3-492-24034-8
*Velma Wallis: "Las dos ancianas", Ediciones B., Barcelona 1996. Translated into Spanish by Javier Alfaya.
*Velma Wallis: "To kvinder - en Alaska-legende om forræderi, mod og overlevelse" [ [http://www.saxo.com/item/142684 saxo.com] ] . Danish, ISBN 8755719066

References

Note

This article is based on the corresponding article in the German Wikipedia from 2007-9-30.