Tarbert, Argyll and Bute

infobox UK place
country = Scotland
official_name= Tarbert
gaelic_name= An Tairbeart
scots_name=
population= 1,338 (2001 Census)
os_grid_reference= NR865685
latitude= 55.862805
longitude= -5.41143
unitary_scotland= Argyll and Bute
lieutenancy_scotland= Argyll and Bute
constituency_westminster= Argyll and Bute
constituency_scottish_parliament= Argyll and Bute
post_town= TARBERT
postcode_district = PA29
postcode_area= PA
dial_code= 01880
static_

static_image_caption=A view over Tarbert Harbour

Tarbert (Scottish Gaelic: "An Tairbeart" pronounced|ənˠ̪ t̪aɾʲab̊ərˠʃd̪̊) is a village in Scotland. It is built around East Loch Tarbert, an inlet of Loch Fyne, and extends over the isthmus which links the peninsula of Kintyre to Knapdale and West Loch Tarbert. Tarbert, which lies within the Argyll and Bute council area, has a population of approximately 1,338.

Tarbert has a long history both as a harbour and as a strategic point guarding access to Kintyre and the Inner Hebrides. The name Tarbert is the anglicised form of the Gaelic word "tairbeart". It is composed of "tar" "across" and a form of the verb "beir" "carry" and literally translates as "across-carrying". This refers to the narrowest strip of land between two bodies of water over which goods or entire boats can be carried. In past times cargoes were discharged from vessels berthed in one loch, hauled over the isthmus to the other loch, loaded onto vessels berthed there and shipped onward, allowing seafarers to avoid the sail around the Mull of Kintyre.

Tarbert was anciently part of the Gaelic overkingdom of Dál Riata and protected by three castles — one in the village centre, one at the head of the West Loch, and one on the south side of the East Loch. The ruin of the last of these castles — Tarbert Castle — still exists, and dominates the view over the village. Around the year 1098 Magnus Barefoot, King of Norway, had his longship carried across the isthmus at Tarbert to signify his possession of the Western Isles.

Despite its distinction as a strategic stronghold during the Middle Ages, Tarbert's properity came later as the port developed into a fishing town. At its zenith, the Loch Fyne herring fishery attracted hundreds of vessels to Tarbert.

History

Tarbert is a name from Gaelic for a small neck of land joining two larger pieces; an isthmus, at which Tarbert lies.

Tarbert was anciently part of the Gaelic overkingdom of Dál Riata. It has been suggested as a scene of an action during a conflict for the kingdom's rule between Dúngal mac Selbaig and Eochaid mac Echdach. The "Annals of Ulster" attest that in 731, Dúngal burnt a "Tairpert Boitir", which was most probably Tarbert and was at the time in the lands of the Cenél nGabráin. [John Bannerman, "Studies in the History of Dalriada" (1974).]

Around the year 1098 Magnus Barefoot, King of Norway, had his longship carried across the isthmus at Tarbert to signify his possession of the Western Isles.

A fortified structure was built in Tarbert during the 13th century. It was reinforced with the addition of an outer bailey and towers in the 1320s by Robert the Bruce, to protect it against the Lords of the Isles. A towerhouse was added in the 16th century, which is the most noticeable part of the remains. The castle occupies high land above Loch Fyne, providing views up East Loch Tarbert and beyond to the Firth of Clyde. This castle was captured from John MacDonald by James IV of Scotland as part of his campaign to destroy the power of the Lords of the Isles. In 1685 the castle was involved in another skirmish when Walter Campbell of Skipness Castle seized it as a stronghold for the Clan Campbell.

There are only a couple of standing walls left and they are considered unstable. The castle is on top of a hill in Tarbert overlooking the bay. The castle has a very commanding view of the water approaches.

Geography

The coast of Tarbert Bay is rocky and the cliffs are fringed with young firs, the village itself being an extremely tranquil and beautiful place. The parish church occupies a fine situation. Overlooking the harbour are the ruins of a castle built by Robert I of Scotland in 1326. The isthmus connecting the districts of Knapdale and Kintyre is little more than one mile wide, and boats once used to be dragged across to the head of West Loch Tarbert, a narrow sea loch nearly ten miles long. A proposal to cut a canal across to shorten the sail to Islay and Jura has never progressed further.Tarbert is famous for its seafoodFact|date=June 2007 and hosts a seafood festival every year.

The A83 road runs convert|37.8|mi|km|1 southwest from Tarbert to Campbeltown.

Governance

Tarbert is represented by several tiers of elected government. Tarbert has a representative, which it shares with North & West Kintyre, on the Argyll and Bute Council, and a community council and community trust shared with the hamlet of Skipness. Tarbert and Skipness Community Council forms the lowest tier of government whose statutory role is to communicate local opinion to local and central government. It is one of 60 community councils of the Argyll and Bute council area. Argyll and Bute Council, the unitary local authority for Tarbert, is based at Lochgilphead, and is the executive, deliberative and legislative body responsible for local government. The Scottish Parliament is responsible for devolved matters such as education, health and justice,cite web |url=http://www.scotlandoffice.gov.uk/what-we-do/reserved-and-devolved-matters.html |title=Reserved and devolved matters |publisher=Scotland Office |accessdate=2006-11-14] while reserved matters are dealt with by the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

Tarbert anciently formed part of the Dál Riata. It has lain within the county boundaries of Argyllshire from a very early time. In 1890, Tarbert fell under the authority of Argyll County Council, where it remained until 1975 when the county was superseded by the regional council area of Strathclyde. From 1975 to 1996, Tarbert was in the Argyll district of Strathclyde until the two-tier regions and districts of Scotland were abolished. Since 1996 it has formed part of the unitary Argyll and Bute council area; Argyll and Bute Council is the local authority. Tarbert remains part of Argyllshire for purposes of registration.

Demography

According to the United Kingdom Census 2001, the census locality (village and sub-area) of Tarbert had a total resident population of 1,338.cite web|url=http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Population&mainArea=tarbert&mainLevel=Locality|title=Comparative Population Profile: Tarbert Locality, Scotland|publisher=scrol.gov.uk|author=|date=2001|accessdate=2008-03-14] Over 10% of this population was born in England.

Notable people

People from Tarbert are known locally as "the Dookers".Fact|date=June 2007

Sir Donald MacAlister, 1st Baronet of Tarbert KCB (17 May 1854–15 January 1934) was a physician, and principal and vice-chancellor and, later, chancellor of the University of Glasgow.

George Campbell Hay (1915-1984) was a poet and translator, who wrote in Scottish Gaelic, Lowland Scots and English. He was born in Elderslie, Renfrewshire but raised in Tarbert.

References

*1911

External links

* http://www.tarbertlochfyne.com/
* http://www.tarbert-castle.co.uk/
*