Stalinist repressions in Mongolia

Stalinist repressions in Mongolia

The Stalinist repressions in Mongolia had their climax between 1937 and 1939 (Mongolian: Их Хэлмэгдүүлэлт, Ikh Khelmegdüülelt, "Great Repression"), under the leadership of Khorloogiin Choibalsan. The purges affected the whole country, although the main focus was on upper party and government ranks, the army, and especially[citation needed] the Buddhist clergy. One very common accusation was collaboration with supposed pro-Japanese spy rings. The number of people killed in the purges is usually estimated to have been between 22,000[1] and 35,000 people,[2] or about three to four percent of Mongolia's population at that time. Nearly 18,000 victims were Buddhist lamas.[1] Some authors also offer much higher estimates, up to 100,000 victims.[2] The closure of all but one monastery and destruction of all but a few meant that Mongolia's cultural landscape would be changed forever.

The remains of one of the hundreds of monasteries destroyed in the purges

The Gandan Monastery in Ulaanbaatar was closed in 1938 at the height of the purges but reopened in 1944. It was the only monastery in Mongolia to remain functioning during the Communist era, and one of the very few that escaped destruction.

Mass graves were investigated in 1991 in Mörön[3], and in 2003 in Ulaanbaatar.[4] The corpses of hundreds of executed lamas and civilians were unearthed, all killed with a shot to the base of the skull.[4]

The "Victims of Political Persecution Museum" in Ulaanbaatar is dedicated to the victims of the purges. It was once the residence of executed Prime Minister Peljidiin Genden. In 1996 his daughter Tserendulam turned it into a museum.[5] One of the exhibits is a row of skulls with bullet holes dating from the time of the purges.[6]

Contents

Notable victims

Monument dedicated to the victims of the repressions in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
  • Anandyn Amar, prime minister of Mongolia from 1936 to 1939
  • Peljidiin Genden, prime minister of Mongolia from 1932 to 1936
  • Darizavyn Losol
  • Gelegdorjiin Demid

Buryats

A number of prominent Buryats connected to Mongolia were imprisoned and killed during the purges in the Soviet Union, among them:

  • Tseveen Jamsrano
  • Elbegdorj Rinchino
  • Dash Sampilon
  • Erdene Batkhaan

See also

References

External links


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • History of Mongolia — This article is part of a series Ancient History …   Wikipedia

  • Mongolian People's Army — The Mongolian People s Army (Mongolian: Монголын Ардын Арми or Монгол Ардын Хувьсгалт Цэрэг) or Mongolian People s Revolutionary Army was established on 18 March 1921 as a secondary army under Soviet Red Army command during the 1920s and during… …   Wikipedia

  • Sonomyn Choimbol — Retrato del escultor Nacimiento 1907 (hace 104 años) Tushetu Khan Fallecimiento 1970 …   Wikipedia Español

  • Mass killings under Communist regimes — Part of the series on Communism …   Wikipedia

  • Mass graves in the Soviet Union — This page discusses mass graves in the Soviet Union. Contents 1 Soviet repression and terror 2 Operation Barbarossa and the mobile killing squads 3 See also 4 Re …   Wikipedia

  • Neo-Stalinism — Part of the Politics series on Stalinism …   Wikipedia

  • Great Purge — ( ru. Большая чистка, transliterated Bolshaya chistka ) was a series of campaigns of political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin in 1937 1938. Orlando Figes The Whisperers: Private Life in Stalin s… …   Wikipedia

  • Cinema of the Soviet Union — Russian Empire 1908–1917 List of Soviet films 1917–1929 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930s 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 …   Wikipedia

  • Joseph Stalin — Stalin redirects here. For other uses, see Stalin (disambiguation). Joseph Stalin Russian: Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин Georgian: იოსებ ბესარიონის ძე სტალინი …   Wikipedia

  • Gulag — For other uses, see Gulag (disambiguation). The integrated map of the Gulag camps, which existed from 1923 to 1961, based on data from the Human Rights Society «Memorial» …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”