Black-spotted Piculet

Taxobox
name = Black-spotted Piculet


status =
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Piciformes
familia = Picidae
genus = "Picumnus"
species = "P. nigropunctatus"
binomial = "Picumnus nigropunctatus"
binomial_authority = Zimmer and Phelps, 1950
synonyms =

The Black-spotted Piculet ("Picumnus nigropunctatus") is a Venezuelan-endemic species of bird in the Picidae (woodpecker) family.citation | last = Hilty | first = Steven L. | year = 2003 | title = Birds of Venezuela | publisher = Princeton University Press | pages = 464–465 | id = ISBN 0-691-09250-8 | url = http://www.amazon.com/dp/0691092508/ | accessdate = 2007-10-07] Its taxonomic status is controversial.Peterson, Alan P. (Editor). 1999. [http://www.zoonomen.net "Zoological Nomenclature Resource" (Zoonomen)] . Accessed 2007-10-7.]

Range and habitat

This species is locally common in areas with bushes or trees (possibly including mangroves), near water or waterlogged, in the Venezuelan coastal lowlands (below 100m) from southern Delta Amacuro to southeastern Sucre.

Description

The Black-dotted Piculet resembles other members of the genus "Picumnus". Its most distinctive mark is pale pure yellow underparts with sparse black dots on the lower breast and usually on the belly and undertail coverts. In southeastern Sucre, a few have finely barred chests. Rare individuals with scaly throats and pale buffy (rather than yellow) underparts resemble the Scaled Piculet, which can be distinguished by its scaly lower underparts.

The crown is black with narrow scarlet streaks on the forepart and conspicuous white dots on the rear part, or throughout in some females. The upperparts are light olive-brown, slightly yellowish, with dusky spots on the shoulders and back.

The song is "2 to several extremely high, thin notes, each slightly lower than the preceding, "tseeet, tseeet, tsee," etc." Possibly it is also used as a contact call. Foraging birds may repeat the song a few times and then fall silent for several minutes.

Behavior

Birds of this species forage in pairs, often widely separated, or alone. They occasionally join mixed-species flocks. They often "hitch sideways along branches," and they peck or drill like woodpeckers in rotting wood and at broken ends of branches.

Classification

The taxonomy of "Picumnus" is controversial, and this taxon has been considered conspecific with the White-bellied Piculet, conspecific with the Golden-spangled Piculet, and a synonym (incorrect name) of a subspecies of the Scaled Piculet ("P. squamulatus obsoletus"). Here it is considered a separate species following the "Handbook of the Birds of the World," which supports this view with a summary of unpublished data from M. Lentino. [Citation | last1 = Winkler | first1 = Hans | last2 = Christie | first2 = David A. | year = 2002 | chapter = Family Picidae | pages = 280–555 | editor = del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. and Sargatal, J. (editors) | title = Handbook of the Birds of the World, Volume 7: Jacamars to Woodpeckers | publisher = Lynx Edicions | location = Barcelona | ISBN = 84-87334-37-7]

References

External links

[http://www.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/especie.phtml?idEspecie=3852 Videos of "Picumnus nigropunctatus"] from the Internet Bird Collection