Corsican immigration to Venezuela

Corsicans coming from the regions of Cap Corse and La Castagniccia started arriving in the first third of 19th Century and settled mainly in the coastal towns of Carúpano and Rio Caribe. Known locally as Los Corsos, Corsicans played a central role in the development of the cocoa industry in Venezuela. Around the 1950s many Corsican families left Paria and settled in Caracas, and have been active in politics, commerce, medicine and the arts.

Historical background

During the reign of Napoleon III Corsica suffered a decline in agricultural production (particularly in the wine, olive and chestnut industries) due to unfair trade practices imposed by France. That coupled with a population boom due to the eradication of malaria in coastal areas, forced many Corsican families to emigrate to the Caribbean.

The first wave of Corsicans arrived in the Venezuelan region of Paria around 1830. Antonio Oletta, Francisco and Cayetano Morandi, José Vicente Franceschi and Juan Bautista Lucca were some of the first Corsicans to settle in the town of Carúpano. Once in Paria, many Corsicans founded cocoa exporting firms, most notable being that of the Franceschi & Co, established in 1830 and still existing today, making it one of Venezuela's oldest companies.

There were two other significant waves of immigration at the end the 19th century. While most of them went to Carúpano, where there was already a well established Corsican-Venezuelan community, others settled in the towns of Barcelona and Ciudad Bolivar. The Corsos controlled the Venezuelan cocoa bean trade and modernized many of the towns were they lived.

In 1876, four companies -Franceschi & Cia., Massiani & Cia., Lucca Raffalli Bros., represented almost 90% of the export of cocoa carried out during that year. Nearly half a century later, in 1921, five companies -Franceschi & Cia., Prosperi & Cia. (founded 1890), Antoni Brothers, Benedetti Brothers (founded 1889) and Raffalli Brothers still represented 80% of the export trade for cocoa from Carúpano. (Harwich Vallenilla, Nikita. La red comercial corsa. 1991)

The port facilities, road improvements and a telegraph cable that connected Carúpano with Marseille were some of the projects put forward by the Corsicans in Carúpano.

Distinguished Venezuelans of Corsican Descent

• Arturo Uslar Pietri (May 16, 1906 – February 26, 2001) – writer, intellectual, political thinker, winner of the Miguel Cervantes Award
• Raúl Leoni (April 24, 1905 - July 5, 1972) – President of Venezuela, 1964–1969

See also

• Corsican people
• Corsican immigration to Puerto Rico
• History of Venezuela
• List of Corsicans

External links

• Kings of Cacao; Venezuela's Corsican Transplants
• En la ruta de los Corsos, viajeros.com
• Receta de Corbullón de mero
• Cacao San José
• Puerto Rican and Venezuelan Connections, Corsica Isula
• Fundación Proyecto Paria