Calf lymph

Calf lymph

Calf lymph was the name given [BMA 1905 — for example — "Calf lymph is now available for the vaccination of every child in the country" page 21.] to a type of smallpox vaccine used in the 19th century, and which was still manufactured up to the 1970s.

History

Calf lymph was known as early as 1805 in Italy [Galbiati G. Memoria Sulla Inoculazione Vaccina coll'Umore Ricavato Immediatement dalla Vacca Precedentemente Inoculata. Napoli, 1810.] , but it was the Lyon Medical Conference of 1864 which made the technique known to the wider world. [Congrès Medical de Lyon. Compterendu des travaux et des discussions. Gazette Med Lyon 19:449–47 1, 1864.] In 1898 calf lymph became the standard method of vaccination for smallpox in the United Kingdom, when arm to arm vaccination was eventually banned [Edward Brown, "The Case for vaccination" pages 8 and 21, and J.A. Dudgeon. "Development of smallpox vaccine in England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries" BMJ 1963. 1: 1367-1372.] (due to complications such as the simultaneous transmission of syphilis).

ee also

* Dryvax

References

* "Facts about smallpox and vaccination" British Medical Association, 1905

Footnotes

External links

* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=vacc.chapter.3 Henderson and Moss chapter on smallpox]


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