R (New York City Subway service)

infobox NYCS service
service=R
name=Broadway Local
terminals=Forest Hills–71st Avenue or 36th Street to Bay Ridge–95th StreetThe R Broadway Local is a service of the New York City Subway. It is colored yellow on the route sign (either on the front and/or side - depending on equipment used) and on station signs and the NYC Subway map, as it represents a service provided on the BMT Broadway Line in Manhattan. Normal service is local from 71st Avenue in Forest Hills, Queens, to 95th Street in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn; during late nights it operates as a shuttle within Brooklyn from 36th Street to 95th Street. The R is one of only two services that have two or more stations with the same name (the other being the NYCS|B; it serves two 36th Street stations (one in Queens on the IND Queens Boulevard Line and one in Brooklyn on the BMT Fourth Avenue Line). And the R is one of only three services that operate as a shuttle during off hours (the other two are the NYCS|5 and NYCS|M). In addition, the R is the longest New York City Subway service without an elevated section, although there is a small opening between 59th Street and Bay Ridge Avenue in Brooklyn when the line passes over a valley containing the LIRR Bay Ridge tracks.

The following lines are used by the R service:

History

R46 R train at Roosevelt AvenueThe line that later became the R was the BMT 2. When it entered service on January 15, 1916, it ran between Chambers Street on the BMT Nassau Street Line and 86th Street, using the Manhattan Bridge to cross the East River. Service on the BMT Broadway Line (which was only between Whitehall Street and Times Square) began exactly two years later. The Montague Street Tunnel opened on October 1, 1920, and at that time it took its current shape, running local from Queensboro Plaza to 86th Street. Bay Ridge–95th Street station opened on October 31, 1925. During this time, rush-hour specials to Chambers Street were added and later removed, only to be added again. At one time, including 1931, additional midday service operated local between 57th Street and Whitehall Street–South Ferry. The 2 also used the Nassau Street Loop during rush hours, entering Manhattan via the Manhattan Bridge or Montague Street Tunnel and leaving via the other.

On October 17, 1949, the platforms on the BMT Astoria Line had been shaved, and the BMT's Astoria Shuttle was replaced with through service from the Fourth Avenue Line. On January 1, 1961, the northern terminal was relocated to its current location at Forest Hills–71st Avenue, via the BMT 60th Street Tunnel Connection. On June 29, 1950, special rush hour trains began running between 95th Street and Chambers Street via the south side of the Manhattan Bridge and/or the Montague Street Tunnel. This was discontinued two years later.

In winter 1960–61, letters started to appear on the RR, which was known as the "Fourth Avenue Local via Tunnel", from Forest Hills–71st Avenue to Bay Ridge–95th Street, like current R service. On November 27, 1967, the day after the IND Chrystie Street Connection opened, the RR was moved back to Ditmars Boulevard–Astoria on the BMT Astoria Line. (EE service began at Whitehall Street–South Ferry and used the former route to 71st Avenue). The Nassau Street specials were through-routed from 95th Street to 168th Street in Jamaica as RJ. Under the first color scheme, RR was colored green and RJ was red.

The RJ service only lasted a few months before it was cut back to Chambers Street and renamed as additional RR rush-hour peak-direction service. In May 1986, when double letters were eliminated, RR service became R. R service was assigned the color yellow (because it used the BMT Broadway Line), and the special Chambers Street rush-hour R service was brown (using the Nassau Street Line).

Effective May 24, 1987, the north terminals of the NYCS|N and R were swapped, taking the R along the IND Queens Boulevard Line to Forest Hills–71st Avenue. The change was made to give the R access to the repair facility [ [http://www.subwaynut.com/brochures/nrswitch/index.html Announcing Service Changes on the N and R Routes] , Advertising Supplement to The New York Times, The New York Daily News, and Newsday, © 1987 New York City Transit Authority] at Jamaica Yard. [New York Times, [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50714F9385F0C758DDDA90994DE484D81 Shifts on N and R Lines Are Planned in Queens] , October 16, 1986, section B, page 10]

When the IND Archer Avenue Line opened on December 11, 1988, E service was rerouted along to Jamaica Center–Parsons Boulevard, and the R was extended to replace the NYCS|E to Jamaica–179th Street. At the same time, the special rush-hour service to Chambers Street was removed. The extension to Jamaica was short-lived, and the R was cut back in the fall of 1992 to 71st–Continental Avenue in favor of an extension of the NYCS|F, which runs express west of 71st Avenue.

On September 30, 1990, late-night R service became a shuttle between 36th Street and 95th Street in Brooklyn. In the late '90s, northbound late-night trains began skipping 53rd Street and 45th Street.

On September 11, 2001, after the attack on the World Trade Center, the BMT Broadway Line was damaged, and the R service was cut back to run only south of Court Street. On September 17, R service was totally suspended, replaced with NYCS|J service in Brooklyn and NYCS|Q service in Manhattan and Queens [http://www.nycsubway.org/perl/caption.pl?/maps/historical/map-2001-09-17.gif] . All three lines returned to normal service on October 28. [http://nycsubway.org/perl/caption.pl?/maps/historical/map-2001-10-28.gif]

On September 8, 2002, Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue was closed for reconstruction. Late night R service was extended to Pacific Street, running express between that station and 36th Street. Service was cut back to 36th Street when the north side of the Manhattan Bridge reopened on February 22, 2004.

tations

For a more detailed station listing, see the articles on the lines listed above.NYCS service legend
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References

* [http://members.aol.com/bdmnqr2/linehistory.html Line By Line History]
* [http://nycsubway.org/maps/historical/ NYCsubway.org - Historical Maps]

External links

* [http://www.mta.nyc.ny.us/nyct/service/rline.htm MTA New York City Transit - R Broadway Local]
*PDFlink| [http://www.mta.info/nyct/service/pdf/trcur.pdf MTA NYC Transit - R schedule] |246 KB