Moms Mabley

Moms Mabley
Birth name	Loretta Mary Aiken
Born	March 19, 1894(1894-03-19) Brevard, North Carolina, U.S.
Died	May 23, 1975(1975-05-23) (aged 81) White Plains, New York, U.S.
Medium	vaudeville, television, stand-up, film
Nationality	United States
Years active	1930s–1975
Genres	Social satire
Influenced	Bing Crosby Phyllis Diller Whoopi Goldberg Bernie Mac Richard Pryor

Jackie "Moms" Mabley, born Loretta Mary Aiken (March 19, 1894 – May 23, 1975), was an American standup comedian and a pioneer of the so-called "Chitlin' Circuit" of African-American vaudeville.

Biography

Early years

Mabley was born into a family of twenty children in Brevard, North Carolina, in 1894. Her father, James P. Aiken, owned and operated several businesses, while her mother, Mary, kept house and took in boarders. Her father died a sudden accidental death when she was eleven. In 1910, her mother picked up the primary business, a general store.

James's father Henry was considered a mulatto, meaning that James P. Aiken might have been half white. James's mother Bettie was able to read and write five years after the abolition of slavery, so she may have been a free woman of color. The genealogy of Loretta was conducted by a D. Richmond. "She has a very interesting lineage worth researching," states Richmond.^[1] By the age of fifteen, Mabley had reportedly been raped twice and had two children who were given up for adoption.^{[citation needed]} After being pressured by her stepfather to marry a much older man^{[citation needed]} and encouraged by her grandmother to strike out on her own, she ran away to Cleveland, Ohio with a traveling minstrel show, where she began singing and entertaining.^[2]

Career

She took her stage name, Jackie Mabley, from an early boyfriend, commenting to Ebony in a 1970s interview that he'd taken so much from her, it was the least she could do to take his name.^{[citation needed]} Later she became known as "Moms" because she was indeed a "Mom" to many other comedians on the circuit in the 1950s and '60s. She came out as a lesbian at the age of twenty-seven, becoming one of the first triple-X rated comedians on the comedy circuit.^[3]

During the 1920s and '30s she appeared in androgynous clothing (as she did in the film version of The Emperor Jones with Paul Robeson) and recorded several of her early "lesbian stand-up" routines. Mabley was one of the top women doing stand-up in her heyday, eventually recording more than 20 albums of comedy routines. She appeared in movies, on television, and in clubs, and performed at the Michigan Women's Festival shortly before her death in 1975.

Mabley was one of the most successful entertainers of the Chitlin' circuit, earning US$10,000 a week at Harlem's Apollo Theater at the height of her career. She made her New York City debut at Connie's Inn in Harlem.^[4] In the 1960s, she become known to a wider white audience, playing Carnegie Hall in 1962, and making a number of mainstream TV appearances, particularly her multiple appearances on the The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour when that CBS show was the number one show on television in the late 1960s, which introduced her to a whole new Boomer audience.^[5]

Mabley was billed as "The Funniest Woman in the World"; she tackled topics too edgy for many other comics of the time, including racism. One of her regular themes was a romantic interest in handsome young men rather than old "washed-up geezers," and she got away with it courtesy of her stage persona, where she appeared as a toothless, bedraggled woman in a house dress and floppy hat.^[6][7] She also added the occasional satirical song to her jokes, and her cover version of "Abraham, Martin and John" hit #35 on the Billboard charts in the summer of 1969. At 75 years and 4 months old, Moms Mabley became the oldest person ever to have a US Top 40 hit.

Family

She had four children (aside from the two who were adopted when she was a teenager) and five grandchildren.^[8]

Death

Mabley died in White Plains, New York in 1975 from heart failure and was survived by her children, Bonnie, Christine, Charles, and Yvonne Ailey.^[4][9] She is interred at Ferncliff Cemetery, Hartsdale, New York.

Work

Stage Bowman's Cotton Blossoms (1919) Look Who's Here (1927) Miss Bandana (1927) Fast and Furious (musical) (1931) Blackberries of 1932 (1932) The Joy Boat (1930s) Sidewalks of Harlem (1930s) Red Pastures (1930s) Swingin' the Dream (1939)

Filmography The Emperor Jones (1933) Killer Diller (1948)[10] Boarding House Blues (1948) It's Your Thing (1970) (documentary) Amazing Grace (1974)

Discography

1961 On Stage (Funniest Woman in the World) 1961 Moms Mabley at the "UN" 1961 Moms Mabley at The Playboy Club 1962 Moms Mabley Breaks It Up 1962 Moms Mabley at Geneva Conference 1963 I Got Somethin' to Tell You! 1963 Young Men, Sí - Old Men, No 1964 Moms the Word 1964 Out on a Limb 1964 The Funny Sides of Moms Mabley [Chess] 1964 Moms Wows 1964 Best of Moms and Pigmeat, Vol. 1

1965 Men in My Life 1965 Now Hear This 1966 Moms Mabley at the White House 1968 Best of Moms Mabley 1969 The Youngest Teenager 1969 Her Young Thing 1970 Live at Sing Sing 1972 I Like 'em Young 1994 Live at the Apollo 1994 The Funny Sides of Moms Mabley [Jewel] 1994 Live at the Ritz 2004 Comedy Ain't Pretty

References

1. ^ "Jackie "Moms" Mabley". The African American Registry. 2006. http://www.aaregistry.com/detail.php?id=539. Retrieved 2008-01-22. ^{[dead link]}
2. ^ Kliph Nesteroff (26 August 2007). "Moms Mabley - Agitation in Moderation". WFMU's Beware of the Blog. WFMU-New York. http://blog.wfmu.org/freeform/2007/08/moms-mabley---a.html. Retrieved 2008-01-22. 
3. ^ Queers in History: The Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Historical ...Keith Stern - Page 295
4. ^ ^{a b} "Moms Mabley". Encyclopædia Britannica's Guide to Black History. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.. 2009. http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-9399767. Retrieved 2008-01-22. 
5. ^ Jackie Mabley pics-celeb.com Retrieved 2010-10-30
6. ^ Leslie Bennets (9 August 1987). "The Pain Behind The Laughter of Moms Mabley". The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE3DD1F30F93AA3575BC0A961948260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all. Retrieved 2009-02-16. 
7. ^ Alden Reimonenq (9 October 2007). "The Harlem Renaissance". glbtq Encyclopedia. http://www.glbtq.com/literature/harlem_renaissance.html. Retrieved 2008-01-22. 
8. ^ "Moms Mabley Biography". St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture. Thomson Gale. 2009. http://www.bookrags.com/biography/mabley-moms-1897-1975-sjpc-03. Retrieved 2009-02-16. 
9. ^ M.Cordell Thompson (24 July 1975). "Moms Mabley Leaves $½ Million Estate". Jet. http://books.google.com/books?id=aLEDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA59&dq=Moms+Mabley&as_brr=1&ei=nqd4SdjcKoj-lQS76aQu. Retrieved 2008-01-22. 
10. ^ Internet archive free download available

External links

• Agitation in Moderation: The Moms Mabley Story by Kliph Nesteroff
• Moms Mabley at Find a Grave
• Moms Mabley at the Internet Broadway Database
• Moms Mabley at the Internet Movie Database

Persondata
Name	Mabley, Moms
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1894-03-19
Place of birth	Brevard, North Carolina, U.S.
Date of death	1975-05-23
Place of death	White Plains, New York, U.S.