Nassariidae

Nassariidae
A live individual of Nassarius tiarula
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Caenogastropoda clade Hypsogastropoda clade Neogastropoda
Superfamily:	Buccinoidea
Family:	Nassariidae Iredale, 1916 (1835)
Genera
See text

Nassariidae, common name nassa mud snails (USA), or dog whelks (UK), are a taxonomic family of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Neogastropoda.

Shell description

These snails have rounded shells with a high spire, an oval aperture, and a siphonal notch.

Distribution

This family of snails is found worldwide.

Habitat

These snails are found mostly in shallow water, on sandy or muddy substrates, often intertidally, but sometimes in deep water. They can be present in very large numbers in suitable habitat.

Feeding habits

Nassariidae are primarily active and lively scavengers.

Taxonomy

The family Nassariidae is closely related to the family of the true whelks Buccinidae because of their shared characteristics in the anatomy of the species in these families (Ponder, 1973 ^[1]; Cernohorsky, 1984 ^[2];Hayashi, 2005 ^[3]), i.e. a long proboscis, the loss of glandular dorsal folds and a smaller gland of Leiblein (a dorsal venom gland in the mid-oesophagus).

According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Nassariidae consists of four subfamilies:

• Nassariinae Iredale, 1916 (1835) - synonyms: Nassinae Swainson, 1835 (inv.); Cyclopsidae Chenu, 1859 (inv.); Cyclonassinae Gill, 1871; Alectrionidae Dall, 1908; Arculariidae Iredale, 1915
• Bullinae Allmon, 1990 (not recognized by Haitao LI et al., 2010 ^[4])
• Cylleninae L. Bellardi, 1882
• Dorsaninae Cossmann, 1901 - synonym: Duplicatinae Muskhelishvili, 1967

Genera

Genera within the family Nassariidae include:^[5][6]

Nassariinae

• Adinopsis Odhner, 1923 : synonym of Bullia Gray in Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834
• Demoulia Gray, 1838
• Desmoulea Gray, 1847: synonym of Demoulia Gray, 1838
• Dorsanum Gray, 1847
• Nassa Lamarck, 1799: synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805 ; Nassa Röding, 1798 belongs to the subfamily Rapaninae in the family Muricidae
• Nassarius Finlay, 1927

Bullinae

• Bullia Griffith, 1834 - type genus of the subfamily Bullinae

Cylleninae

• Cyllene Gray in Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834

Dorsaninae

• Eione Risso, 1826 : synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
• Hebra, H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
• Hinia Leach, 1847 : synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
• Ilyanassa Stimpson, 1865

Subfamily ?

• Allanassa Iredale, 1929  : synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
• Alectrion Montfort, 1810 : : synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
• Ambullina Palmer, 1937
• Amyclina : synonym of Nassarius (Gussonea) Monterosato, 1912
• Arcularia Link, 1807 :synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
• Bathynassa Ladd, 1976  : synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
• Buccinanops d'Orbigny, 1841
• Bulliopsis Conrad, 1862
• Caesia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 : synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
• Cyclonassa Swainson, 1840  : synonym of Cyclope Risso, 1826
• Cyclope Risso, 1826
• Cyclops Montfort, 1810  : synonym of Cyclope Risso, 1826
• † Desorinassa Nuttall & Cooper, 1973
• Glabrinassa Shuto, 1969
• Hima Leach in Gray, 1852
• † Lisbonia Palmer, 1937
• Nanina Risso, 1826
• Neritula Herrmannsen, 1852
• Niotha H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
• Panormella Costa, 1840
• Phrontis H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
• Pliarcularia Thiele, 1929
• Profundinassa Thiele, 1929
• Pygmaeonassa Annandale, 1924 : synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
• 'Reticunassa Iredale, 1936 : synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
• Sphaeronassa Locard, 1886 : synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
• Tarazeuxis Iredale, 1936
• Tritia Risso, 1826  : synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
• Uzita H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
• Varicinassa Habe, 1946
• Zeuxis

References

1. ^ The origin and evolution of the Neogastropoda.Malacologia. 1973;12(2):295-338.
2. ^ Systematics of the family Nassariidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda), Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum, 14, 356 p
3. ^ The molecular phylogeny of the Buccinidae(Caenogastropoda: Neogastropoda) as inferred from the complete mitochondrial 16 S rRNA gene sequences of selected representatives, Molluscan Research 25 (2), pp. 85-98
4. ^ Haitao Li (李海涛), Duan Lin (林端), Hongda Fang (方宏达), Aijia Zhu (朱艾嘉) and Yang Gao (高阳), Species identification and phylogenetic analysis of genus Nassarius (Nassariidae) based on mitochondrial genes , Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, Volume 28, Number 3 / May, 2010, pp. 565-572, doi 10.1007/s00343-010-9031-4
5. ^ "Nassariidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=74102. 
6. ^ Powell A W B, New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1

External links

• Haasl, D.M. (September 2000). "PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG NASSARIID GASTROPODS". Journal of Paleontology 74 (5): 839–852. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<0839. http://jpaleontol.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/74/5/839.