Benenden

infobox UK place
country = England
official_name= Benenden
population =
civil_parish= Benenden
shire_district= Tunbridge Wells
shire_county = Kent
region= South East England
constituency_westminster= Maidstone and The Weald
post_town= Cranbrook
postcode_district = TN17
postcode_area= TN
dial_code= 01580
os_grid_reference= TQ807329
latitude= 51.0675
longitude= 0.5782

Benenden is a village and civil parish in the Tunbridge Wells District of Kent, England. The parish is located on the Weald six miles (10km) to the west of Tenterden. In addition to the main village, Iden Green, East End, Dingleden and Standen Street settlements are included in the parish [ [http://www.benendenvillage.org.uk/parishcouncil.htm Benenden Parish Council] ] .

The parish church is dedicated to St George, and is a 19th century building on the site of a medieval building destroyed in a fire [ [http://www.kentchurches.info/parish.asp?p=Benenden St George's church] ] . Benenden School, a private all girls school is located to the north of the village.

Origin of Name

The place name of Benenden (pronounced Ben-in-dn) derives from Old English meaning Bynna's wooded pasture. "Bynning denn" became Benindene (1086) Binnigdaenne, Bennedene (c1100) Bynindenne (1253) then the current spelling from 1610. [The Place Names of Kent, Judith Glover ISBN 0905270 614] [The Origin of English Place Names, P.H.Reaney ISBN 0710020104]

History

:"A more detailed history can be found in the pdf file as part of a Conservation Appraisal [ [http://www.tunbridgewells.gov.uk/upload/public/attachments/12/Benenden__Iden_Green_CAA.pdf Conservation Appraisal on Beneden and Iden Green] (PDF)] carried out by Tunbridge Wells District in April 2005"

The Wealden iron industry probably existed in the area from before the Roman period, but evidence of two Roman roads built to take the cast iron from the Weald have been discovered, as well as other finds from the period. The evidence of one road, that between Maidstone and Hastings at Iden Green, is in the form of a paved ford. The Domesday Book surveyors remarked that "Benindene" was one of only four places in the Weald to have a church; although like most of the other such, the buildings of the settlement were scattered ["The Kent Village Book" Alan Bignell, 1986, Countryside Books ISBN 1 85306 571 4] . From the 14th century places such as Benenden became of industrial importance. The Wealden ironmasters continued what the Romans had done; and the other major industry, cloth-making, also helped to make the village prosperous. By the late 18th century, however, both industries had moved to the industrial north, and Benenden's prosperity was at an end. Benenden had four mills at various times. Wandle Mill, a watermill on the River Rother; East End Mill, a post mill at the site later occupied by the chest hospital, demolished c.1870; and a pair of mills to the east of the village, one of which, Beacon Mill is still standing.cite book | first = William| last = Coles Finch| year = 1933| title = Watermills and Windmills| pages = p160| publisher = C W Daniel Company| location = London]

In 1860 Gathorne Hardy, later to become the 1st Earl of Cranbrook (1814-1906), a prominent politician, rebuilt Hemsted, one of the Tudor buildings; in 1912 Lord Rothermere made further alterations. It now houses Benenden School

In 1907 a consortium of trade unions and friendly societies established a chest hospital in Goddard's Green Road, Benenden [ [http://www.benendenhospital.org.uk/About%20Us/History.aspx History of Benenden Hospital] ] for the treatment of tuberculosis. Today the hospital is an independent organisation, for most medical and surgical specialities.

References