Bacillus odysseyi

Taxobox
color = lightgrey
name = "Bacillus odysseyi"

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image_width = 300px
image_caption = Colored micrograph of "Bacillus odysseyi" spores taken by a field-emission environmental SEM and magnified by 10⁷. Spherical figures (about 2 µm diameter) are intact spores with exosporia. In center of image, spores (rod-shaped) were exposed to 0.5 mrad gamma radiation for 60 min, thus the exosporium (ribbon-shaped) separated.Duc, Myron T. La, Masataka Satomi, and Kasthuri Venkateswaran. “Bacillus odysseyi sp. nov., a round-spore-formingbacillus isolated from the Mars Odyssey spacecraft.” "International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology" 54 (2004): 195–201 ( [http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/full/54/1/195 view in HTML] or [http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/54/1/195.pdf view as Adobe Acrobat document] ).]
superregnum = Bacteria
regnum = Eubacteria
divisio = Firmicutes
classis = Bacilli
ordo = Bacillales
familia = Bacillaceae
genus = "Bacillus"
species = "odysseyi"
binomial = "Bacillus odysseyi"

"Bacillus odysseyi" is a Gram-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, round-spore- and endospore-forming eubacterium of the "Bacillus" genus.Duc, Myron T. La, Masataka Satomi, and Kasthuri Venkateswaran. “Bacillus odysseyi sp. nov., a round-spore-formingbacillus isolated from the Mars Odyssey spacecraft.” "International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology" 54 (2004): 195–201 ( [http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/full/54/1/195 view in HTML] or [http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/54/1/195.pdf view as Adobe Acrobat document] ).] This novel species was discovered by scientist Kasthuri Venkateswaran of NASA’s Biotechnology and Planetary Protection Group, a unit whose purpose is to clean and sterilize spacecraft so as not to have microorganisms contaminate other celestial bodies or foreign microorganisms contaminate Earth, on the surface of the Mars Odyssey in a clean room at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in La Cañada Flintridge before the spacecraft was launched to space. Venkateswaran named the bacterium "Bacillus odysseyi" sp. nov. after the Odyssey mission. It had apparently evolved to live in the sparse environment of a clean room, and its secondary spore coat makes it especially resistant to radiation.Dance, Amber. “Specialized Unit Helps NASA Keep Its Dirty Little Secrets on Earth.” "Los Angeles Times" 6 Aug. 2007: B1, B8.]

"B. odysseyi" consists of an exosporium, spore coat, cortex, and core. In a test performed by the Planetary Protection unit, its spores were the most consistently resistant, and it survived exposure to all of the challenges posed against it: desiccation (100% survival), Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂, 26% survival), ultraviolet radiation (10% survival at 660 J ∙ m⁻²), and gamma radiation (0.4% survival). "B. odysseyi" shares many DNA similarities with "Bacillus fusiformis" and "Bacillus silvestris." The type strain for "B. odysseyi" is 34hs-1^T (=ATCC PTA-4993^T=NRRL B-30641^T=NBRC 100172^T).Duc, Myron T. La, Masataka Satomi, and Kasthuri Venkateswaran. “Bacillus odysseyi sp. nov., a round-spore-formingbacillus isolated from the Mars Odyssey spacecraft.” "International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology" 54 (2004): 195–201 ( [http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/full/54/1/195 view in HTML] or [http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/54/1/195.pdf view as Adobe Acrobat document] ).]

References

External links

* [http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/7189556-fulltext.html U.S. patent 7,189,556] of a “biologically pure culture of a "Bacillus odysseyi" isolate with high adherence and sterilization-resistant properties”
* [http://www.freepatentsonline.com/20040158042.html U.S. patent 20,040,158,042] of a “biologically pure culture of a "Bacillus odysseyi" isolate with high adherence and sterilization-resistant properties”