Sidney Leslie Goodwin

Infobox Person
name = Sidney Leslie Goodwin


imagesize = 150px
caption = Sidney Goodwin, circa 1911
birth_name = Sidney Leslie Goodwin
birth_date = September 9, 1910
birth_place = Melksham, Wiltshire, England
death_date = death date|1912|4|15|df=y (age in years and days|1910|9|3|1912|4|15|df=y)
death_place = Atlantic Ocean
known_for = The Unknown Child
parents = Frederick Goodwin and Augusta Tyler
relations = Lillian, Charles, William, Jessie and Harold Goodwin (siblings)

Sidney Leslie Goodwin (September 9, 1910 – April 15, 1912) was a 19-month-old English boy who died during the sinking of the RMS "Titanic". His unidentified body was recovered after the sinking, and for decades referred to as "The Unknown Child"; the body was identified as that of Goodwin in 2007. He is the only member of his family whose body has been recovered and subsequently identified.

Early life and RMS "Titanic"

Sidney Leslie Goodwin was born on 9 September, 1910 in Melksham, Wiltshire, England. He was the youngest child born to Frederick Joseph Goodwin and his wife Augusta (née Tyler), joining older siblings Lillian Amy, Charles Edward, William Frederick, Jessie Allis, and Harold Victor. [cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia-titanica.org/biography/839/|title=Master Sidney Leslie Goodwin|publisher=Encyclopedia Titanica|accessdate=2007-08-04]

Frederick's brother, Thomas, had already left England and was living in Niagara Falls, New York. Thomas wrote to his brother, telling him about the opening of a power station there. Frederick, an electrician, packed up his wife and six children, Lillian, 16; Charles, 14; William, 11; Jessie, 10; Harold, 9 and Sidney, 19 months, to prepare for the move. They booked third class passage on a small steamer out of Southampton, but due to the coal strike that year, the voyage was cancelled and the family was transferred to the RMS "Titanic". [cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia-titanica.org/biography/832/|title=Mr Frederick Joseph Goodwin|publisher=Encyclopedia Titanica|accessdate=2007-08-01] The family boarded the "Titanic" in Southampton as third-class passengers.

Not much is known about the family's activities during the voyage, except that the family was separated by sex in opposite ends of the ship, Frederick and his older sons in the bow, and Augusta with Sidney and the girls in the stern. In his book, "The Night Lives On", historian Walter Lord devoted a chapter ("What Happened to the Goodwins?") to the family, using the fact that the Goodwins were English to challenge the White Star Line's implication that such high numbers of third class passengers perished because they could not understand the English language.

The Unknown Child

The body of a fair-haired toddler was the fourth pulled from the ocean by the recovery ship CS "Mackay-Bennett", on 17 April, 1912. The description read:quotation
:NO. 4 - MALE - ESTIMATED AGE, 2 - HAIR, FAIR. :CLOTHING - Grey coat with fur on collar and cuffs; brown serge frock; petticoat; flannel garment; pink woolen singlet; brown shoes and stockings. :No marks whatever. :Probably third class. [ [http://www.encyclopedia-titanica.org/victims.php?angle=1-110 Encyclopedia Titanica] List of Unidentified Bodies] The sailors aboard the "Mackay-Bennett", who were very upset by the discovery of the unknown boy's body, paid for a monument and he was buried on 4 May, 1912 with a copper pendant placed in his coffin by recovery sailors that read "Our Babe." [ [http://www.encyclopedia-titanica.org/item/5510/ Encyclopedia Titanica] RMS Titanic: The Funerals, Memorials and Legacy of the Lost Passengers and Her Crew] Before 2002 (when he was first, though mistakenly, identified through DNA testing) he was known simply as "The Unknown Child". The body, identified as that of a child around two years old, was initially believed to be that of either a two-year-old Swedish boy, Gösta Pålsson; or a two-year-old Irish boy, Eugene Rice, two other toddlers who perished in the disaster. [ [http://www.encyclopedia-titanica.org/item/1516/ Encyclopedia Titanica] The Last of the Lost]

Identification and re-identification

The American PBS television series "Secrets of the Dead" initially identified the body as Eino Viljami Panula, a 13-month old Finnish baby, based on dental records; however, Canadian researchers at Lakehead University in Thunder Bay discovered a test on the child's HVS1, a type of mitochondrial DNA molecule, did not match the Panula family. [cite news |title=Titanic baby given new identity |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/6925640.stm |publisher=BBC News |date=August 1, 2007 |accessdate=2007-08-01] DNA extracted from the exhumed remains and DNA provided by a surviving maternal relative helped positively match the remains to Goodwin, and the re-identification was announced on July 30, 2007. [cite news |first=Alan |last=Hustak |title=Titanic victim's identity corrected |url=http://www.hfxnews.ca/index.cfm?sid=48631&sc=89 |publisher=The Halifax Daily News |date=July 30, 2007 |accessdate=2007-07-31]

Although the bodies of two other children, both older boys, were recovered, it was Goodwin who came to be a symbol of all the children lost in the disaster. He is buried in Fairview Cemetery, Halifax, Nova Scotia. A pair of his shoes were donated to Halifax's Maritime Museum of the Atlantic in 2002 by the descendants of a Halifax police officer who guarded the bodies and clothing of Titanic victims.

References

*Geller, Judith B. "Titanic: Women and Children First". 1st ed. W. W. Norton & Company, 1998.
*Lord, Walter. "The Night Lives On". New ed. Avon Books, March 1998.

Notes

External links

* [http://www.encyclopedia-titanica.org/biography/839/ Encyclopedia Titanica: Master Sidney Leslie Goodwin]
* [http://www.encyclopedia-titanica.org/item/4417/ Titanic Passengers: The Goodwins]
* [http://museum.gov.ns.ca/mma/collect/Titanicshoes.html Shoes of the Unknown Child]
* [http://www.titanic-titanic.com/grave_of_unknown_child.shtml The Grave Of The Unknown Child]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/cp/Atlantic/070731/t073131A.html Researchers properly identify unknown child who died aboard Titanic]