WCBS-TV

Infobox_Broadcast
call_letters = WCBS-TV
station_
station_slogan = News As It Happens
station_branding = CBS 2 HD (general)
CBS 2 News HD (newscast)
analog = 2 (VHF)
digital = 56 (UHF)
subchannels = (see article)
affiliations = CBS
founded =
airdate = July 1, 1941
location = New York, New York
callsign_meaning = Columbia Broadcasting System
(former legal name of CBS)
former_callsigns = WCBW (1941-1946)
W2XAB (1931-1941)
owner = CBS Corporation
licensee = CBS Broadcasting, Inc.
effective_radiated_power = 45 kW (analog)
349 kW (digital)
HAAT = 389 m (analog)
397 m (digital)
facility_id = 9610
coordinates = coord|40|44|54.4|N|73|59|8.4|W|type:landmark_scale:2000
homepage = [http://www.wcbstv.com/ www.wcbstv.com]

WCBS-TV, channel 2, is the flagship station of the CBS television network, located in New York City. The station's studios are located within the CBS Broadcast Center in midtown Manhattan and its transmitter is atop the Empire State Building.

In the few areas of the eastern United States where viewers cannot receive CBS programs over-the-air, WCBS-TV is available on satellite to subscribers of Dish Network and DirecTV, which also provides coverage of the station to Latin America and JetBlue's LiveTV inflight entertainment system.

History

WCBS-TV's history dates back to CBS' opening of experimental station W2XAB on July 31, 1931. Its initial broadcast featured New York Mayor Jimmy Walker, Kate Smith and George Gershwin. The station boasted the first regular seven-day broadcasting schedule in American television, broadcasting 28 hours a week. On November 8, 1932, W2XAB broadcast the first television coverage of presidential election returns. The station suspended operations on February 20, 1933; it returned on September 3, 1940 with the first color broadcast in the United States.

On June 24, 1941 W2XAB received a commercial license as WCBW. It went on the air at 2:30 pm on July 1, an hour after rival WNBT (formerly W2XBS and now WNBC-TV), making it the second licensed commercial television station in the United States. Its first broadcast was the first local newscast aired on a commercial station in the country. Regular operations began on October 29, and it received a full license on March 10, 1942. The call letters were changed to WCBS-TV on November 1, 1946. In May 1997, it adopted the "CBS 2" name along with sister stations KCBS-TV in Los Angeles and WBBM-TV in Chicago, while retaining a unique and distinctive logo. The practice of CBS-owned stations placing the network identity ahead of their local identity would end up being known as the CBS Mandate.

During the September 11, 2001 attacks, channel 2 stayed on the air. Unlike most of the other major New York television stations, it had long maintained a full-powered backup transmitter at the Empire State Building after moving its main transmitter to the North Tower of the World Trade Center in 1975. The station was also simulcast nationally on Viacom (which at the time owned CBS) cable network VH1 that day. In the immediate aftermath of the attacks, the station lent transmission time to the other stations who had lost their transmitters until they found suitable backup equipment and locations. The backup transmitter had been put into operation once before, when the World Trade Center bombing of February 26, 1993 knocked most of the area's stations off the air for a week.

From 2003-2005, promos for CBS 2 This Morning featured "Avenue 2", with puppet-made news personalities based on "Avenue Q".

Logos

While CBS was well-known for its precise branding standards in its glory days, WCBS-TV itself didn't have a standard logo until 1985. The station simply put the CBS Eye in front of a "2" in whatever font was available back on New Year's Day 1973. On January 1, 1996 it became a violet circle with the CBS Eye (located at the tip of the "2") and "2" in gold, located inside the circle. This was used until May 1997.

In May 1997, after the station began calling itself "CBS 2" on-air, it went to a blue parallelogram and the "2" was changed to a slightly different font which is used today, with the Eye usually in yellow or gold. In 2000 the parallelogram became a rectangle, and the "CBS" font changed from an italicized Helvetica to the proprietary CBS Didot font (used exclusively by CBS Corporation and CBS affiliates) in 2000.

Digital Television

Analog-to-digital conversion

After the analog television shutdown and digital conversion, which is tentatively scheduled to take place on February 17, 2009 http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf] , WCBS-TV will move its digital broadcasts to channel 33. [http://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/cdbsmenu.hts?context=25&appn=101234815&formid=387&fac_num=9610 CDBS Print ] ] However, through the use of PSIP, digital television receivers will display WCBS-TV's virtual channel as 2.

News operation

WCBS-TV housed one of the highest-rated news operations in New York from the mid-1960s until the early 1980s. Broadcast news pioneer Robert Trout did double duty as a CBS correspondent and as channel 2's main anchor for many years. In 1965, he left for a new assignment in Europe and was succeeded by Jim Jensen. Jensen had only come to WCBS-TV a year earlier, but was already well-known for his coverage of Robert F. Kennedy's 1964 campaign for the United States Senate. His gravelly voice and demeanor were very similar to that of Walter Cronkite, and he was reportedly the model for the character of Jim Dial (played by Charles Kimbrough) on the CBS sitcom "Murphy Brown". The station was known in the New York area as a hard news station, with lots of investigative reports and features. Like sister station WBBM-TV, which took a similar approach, it was one of the most respected local news operations in the country.

WCBS-TV surged past WNBC-TV into first place in the news ratings, and stayed there for most of the time until the mid-1980s. WCBS-TV's other well-known personalities during this era included anchors Dave Marash, Carol Martin, Rolland Smith, Michele Marsh and Vic Miles; meteorologists Dr. Frank Field, John Coleman and Irv "Mr. G." Gikofsky; reporters Meredith Vieira, Randall Pinkston, Tony Guida, John Stossel, Chris Borgen and Arnold Diaz; and sportscaster Warner Wolf. Vieira, Pinkston and Guida later moved to the CBS network.

Channel 2 first faced real competition after WABC-TV introduced "Eyewitness News" to New York. For most of the 1970s, WCBS-TV went back and forth in first place with channel 7. For much of the early 1980s, New York's "Big Three" stations went back and forth in first place. During this time, three of the longest-tenured anchor teams in New York -- Jensen and Smith, WABC-TV's Roger Grimsby and Bill Beutel, and WNBC-TV's Chuck Scarborough and Sue Simmons -- went head-to-head with each other.

In 1987, WABC-TV surged past WCBS-TV for the lead and has stayed in first more or less ever since, while channel 2's ratings went into rapid decline. One of management's more controversial responses was to take Jensen off the anchor desk in late 1994 and demote him to host of a Sunday morning public-affairs show, "Sunday Edition". He also hosted a few episodes of the regular "Sports Update" show on Sunday nights at 11:30. At the time, Jensen had served as an anchor longer than anyone in New York television history (he has since been passed by WABC-TV's Beutel and WNBC's Scarborough). The move was roundly criticized by many in New York, especially since WCBS-TV had supported him after he went into drug rehabilitation in 1988. Another controversy involved an exchange between Jensen and co-anchor Bree Walker, whose fingers and toes are fused together (the condition is known as ectrodactyly). After Walker did a report about her experience with the condition, Jensen asked Walker, on the air, if her parents would have aborted her had they known she would have been born with the condition. Although Walker kept her composure on air, she was obviously disturbed by the question, and soon left the station ( [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-_UR93_9Ro] ). This incident took place shortly before Jensen's entry to drug rehabiliation. Station management came under more fire in 1995 when Jensen was forced to retire shortly after the Westinghouse Electric Corporation announced it was buying CBS. By the end of 1995, channel 2 had crashed into last place for the first time in its history, and remained there for more than a decade.

1996 "massacre"

On October 2, 1996, the station executed an unprecedented mass firing without any advance warning, citing the need to shake up its news operation. Seven people were fired: anchors John Johnson, Michele Marsh and Tony Guida; sports anchor Bernie Smilovitz; and reporters Reggie Harris, Roseanne Colletti, and Magee Hickey. [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D01E3D7143FF930A35753C1A960958260 At WCBS-TV, a Big Round Of News Staff Dismissals - New York Times ] ] The firings came after the 6 p.m. newscast. Johnson and Marsh had anchored the 5:00 newscasts and signed off at 6:00 saying, "We'll see you at 11," but never got a chance to say goodbye on the air.

"The massacre," as it has come to be known, was part of a move to boost ratings, although it came at a time when CBS was under pressure to boost revenues, having been merged with Westinghouse. It was also part of a major reconstruction of the newscast, culminating in the May 1997 rebranding to "News 2".

WCBS-TV news in the 2000s

In 2000, Joel Cheatwood, creator of the "7 News" format at WSVN in Miami, came in as news director. At his suggestion, the news department rebranded itself from "News 2" to "the CBS 2 Information Network," using "content partners" such as "U.S. News & World Report" and VH1. He also gave the newscasts more of a tabloid feel. While considerably watered down compared to Fox flagship WNYW and to Cheatwood's work at WSVN -- and even compared to WSVN's sister station, WHDH-TV in Boston -- it was much flashier than had previously been seen on New York's "Big Three" affiliates. It didn't work, and Cheatwood was gone by 2002 in favor of New York veteran news director Dianne Doctor. The station became simply "CBS 2", and gradually phased out the tabloid elements. In its place, Doctor introduced a "news for the people" approach similar to that of her previous employer, WNBC.

After Doctor's arrival, channel 2 placed a revived emphasis on hard news, while attempting to revive some elements of its glory days. For instance, in 2003 Arnold Diaz rejoined the station to revive "Shame on You," an Emmy-winning series of investigative segments. He had previously worked at the station from 1973 to 1995. In December 2005, Diaz once again departed, this time leaving for WNYW. Another segment was "Eat at Your Own Risk," which highlighted unsafe conditions at New York-area restaurants. Ironically, the cafeteria at the CBS Broadcast Center was cited for violations by the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. Violations included the presence of rats and roaches, as well as food temperature issues. [http://www.nydailynews.com/news/gossip/story/370931p-315448c.html Celebrity Scandals and Gossip - NY Daily News ] ] [http://www.nypost.com/gossip/24622.htm] Dead link|date=May 2008] [http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/rii/index.shtml Restaurant Inspection Information : NYC DOHMH ] ] .

Despite this and other attempts at fixes, the ratings did not significantly improve under Doctor's watch. Doctor was criticized for airing "Shame on You" and "Eat at Your Own Risk" segments ahead of major stories. She also came under fire when channel 2 led its 11 p.m. newscast of May 24, 2005 with a story and exclusive video of actor Burt Reynolds slapping a CBS producer, while rivals WABC-TV and WNBC-TV led with an important vote in the U.S. House on stem cell research. On May 27, 2004, Doctor fired popular sports anchor Warner Wolf, three months before his contract expired, without giving Wolf a chance to say goodbye on air. This incident was widely panned by several newspapers, including the New York "Daily News", and the move alienated and angered many viewers. Wolf was replaced by the much younger Chris Wragge, who was brought in from NBC affiliate KPRC-TV in Houston. [http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/col/story/197906p-170891c.html Sports columnists ] ]

On June 1, 2005 Jim Rosenfield rejoined the station to anchor the 5 and 11 p.m. newscasts with Roz Abrams, who joined channel 2 the previous year after an 18-year run at WABC-TV. [http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/ent_radio/story/314674p-269164c.html Latest Headlines - NY Daily News ] ] Rosenfield previously worked at the station from 1998 to 2000, before moving to WNBC (to anchor "Live at Five") after a contract dispute with channel 2. Rosenfield replaced Ernie Anastos, who moved to WNYW in July.

On August 22, 2005, WCBS-TV launched its new Doppler radar named "Live Doppler 2 Million". It has one million watts of power, and is live, compared to other dopplers in the market which are delayed by about 15 minutes. "Live Doppler 2 Million" was the punch line of a joke on an episode of "Jimmy Kimmel Live" and also was ridiculed on the popular "Opie and Anthony" radio show. The station renamed the radar in 2006 to "Live Doppler". The station also uses a VIPIR radar. Coincidentally, transportation reporter Arthur Chi'en was fired from the station three months earlier after mistakenly using expletives live on the air in response to someone from "Opie and Anthony" disrupting his live report as part of their "Assault on the Media" contest.

On April 14, 2006, Dianne Doctor left WCBS-TV. The station decided to move its news department in a new direction under new general manager Peter Dunn, who axed "Shame on You" and "Eat at Your Own Risk". Doctor reportedly did not agree with the new plans, and opted to leave. The station has since overhauled its graphics and anchor lineup, winning praise from media observers.

Like other CBS-owned stations, WCBS-TV offers a web only newscast called "CBS 2 at Your Desk", available weekdays at 9 a.m. (anchored by Maurice DuBois or Kate Sullivan). Also, you can see streamlined news casts of the noon, 5 and 6 p.m, and the 11 P.M. newscasts (anchored by Kristine Johnson, Chris Wragge, Dana Tyler, and Don Dahler). There is also a "LoHud Report" edition of "At Your Desk", operated by WCBS-TV and [http://www.lohud.com/apps/pbcs.dll/frontpage LoHud.com] , the website for "The Journal News", a Gannett Company-owned newspaper covering Westchester County and other areas of the lower Hudson River valley. "The Journal News" has a partnership with the station where WCBS-TV uses their offices for their Westchester Bureau, and "The Journal News" gets a 30-second promotion during the 6:00 pm newscast for the next day's top story.

In early September 2006, WCBS-TV's weather department entered into a partnership with The Weather Channel, with meteorologists from the cable service often appearing on-air with existing WCBS-TV meteorologists. WCBS-TV also receives information from the Weather Channel in addition to using their radars and satellite imagery. The Weather Channel checked in with WCBS for New York's weather on its "Evening Edition" program with one of the WCBS meteorologist, and CBS 2 said before every forecast "Now time for your exclusive forecast from CBS 2 and the Weather Channel." On July 7, 2008, this partnership officially ended when it was announced that The Weather Channel had been sold to competitor NBC Universal.

On November 6, 2006, WCBS-TV made a personnel change on its noon and 5 p.m. newscasts. Former sports director and anchor Chris Wragge became co-anchor of both aforementioned programs, along with newly-hired Kristine Johnson. [http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/ent_radio/story/465900p-392015c.html Latest Headlines - NY Daily News ] ] Wragge and Johnson replaced Roz Abrams and Mary Calvi on those shows; Abrams' contract was allowed to lapse, and Calvi was reassigned to weekends as the sole evening anchor, and currently she anchors weekend mornings and evenings alongside new hire Steve Bartelstein. More changes came in early 2007, as John Elliot was introduced as the new morning and noon meteorologist, replacing Audrey Puente, who then left the station to become the new chief meteorologist at WWOR-TV. WCBS-TV has also hired Lonnie Quinn, previously a weatherman in Miami, as they phased out John Bolaris who had rejoined WCBS in 2002. On June 25, 2007, anchors Chris Wragge and Kristine Johnson were promoted as the station's new 5 and 11 p.m. anchors, trading places with Dana Tyler and Jim Rosenfield on the noon program; Tyler and Rosenfield continue to co-anchor the 6 p.m. newscast. Rosenfield left WCBS in May 2008, being replaced with recently hired weekend anchor Don Dahler.

In the February 2007 ratings period, WCBS-TV finished second behind WABC-TV from sign-on to sign-off — its best showing in 16 years, although most of its newscasts still finished in third place at that time. By the November 2007 sweeps period, Channel 2's local evening newscasts had overtaken WNBC for second place (mainly due to declining ratings at WNBC). It was Channel 2's best news performance in 12 years, but it still trailed WABC-TV by a fairly wide margin. Fact|date=January 2008 In May 2008, WCBS still led WNBC, by an even wider margin, but its longtime number 1 noon newscast, anchored by Dana Tyler and Jim Rosenfield, had fallen dramatically to WABC, their only competitor in the time period, with half the viewers of the year before when Chris Wragge and Kristine Johnson anchored it. This has been attributed to the serious personalities of Tyler and Rosenfield compared to the relaxed personalities of Wragge and Johnson, which is more traditional for a lunchtime broadcast.

On April 11, 2007, WCBS-TV began broadcasting their newscasts in high-definition, becoming the third New York City television station to do so.

WCBS-TV cooperates with sister station KYW-TV in Philadelphia in the production and broadcast of statewide New Jersey political debates. When the two stations broadcast a statewide office debate, such as for Governor or United States Senate, they will pool resources and have anchors or reporters from both stations participate in the debate. Additionally, the two stations cooperate in the gathering of news in New Jersey where their markets overlap; sharing reporters, live trucks, and helicopters.

Personalities

;Anchors
*Steve Bartelstein - weekends
*Mary Calvi - weekends
*Cindy Hsu - "Family First" segment host/substitute anchor
*Don Dahler - weekdays Noon & 6 PM
*Maurice DuBois - weekday mornings
*Kristine Johnson - weeknights 5 & 11 PM
*Kate Sullivan - weekday mornings
*Dana Tyler - weekdays Noon & 6 PM
*Chris Wragge - weeknights 5 & 11 PM

;Weather
*John Elliott - weekday mornings and Noon
*Elise Finch (AMS Seal of Approval) - weekend evenings
*Megan Glaros (AMS Seal of Approval) - weekend mornings
*Lonnie Quinn - chief weathercaster/weekday evenings

;Sports
*John Discepolo - weekday mornings
*Ducis Rodgers - sports director/weekday evenings
*Sam Ryan - weekends

;Reporters
*Tony Aiello (Westchester County)
*Dave Carlin
*Kirstin Cole (consumer affairs)
*Jay Dow (New Jersey)
*Deborah Garcia
*Dr. Max Gomez
*Pablo Guzmán
*Sean Hennessey
*Magee Hickey
*Cindy Hsu (family features)
*Marcia Kramer (politics)
*Katie McGee (morning traffic)
*Jennifer McLogan (Long Island)
*Dr. Holly Phillips (medical)
*Scott Rapoport
*Hazel Sanchez
*John Slattery
*Christine Sloan (New Jersey)
*Tony Tantillo (food and produce)
*Lou Young

Notable alumni

Newscast titles

*"News of the Night" (1950s)
*"The Six O'Clock Report/The Eleven O'Clock Report" (1960–1964)
*"Channel 2 News" (1964–1996)
*"Channel 2 News: Six O'Clock Report/Eleven O'Clock Report(Update)" (1976–1982)
*"WCBS-TV News" (alternate branding, 1967–1972)
*"2 News" (1996–1997)
*"News 2" (1997–2001)
*"The News on the CBS 2 Information Network" (2001–2002)
*"CBS 2 News" (2001–present)

ee also

*WCBS (AM), aka "WCBS Newsradio" (880 kHz.)
*WCBS-FM (101.1 MHz.)
*Early television stations

References

External links

* [http://www.wcbstv.com/ WCBS-TV Website]
*TVQ|WCBS-TV
*TitanTV|WCBS
* [http://www.newsbyte2.blogspot.com NewsByte2]
* [http://members.fortunecity.com/tvnetworks/cbs/ WCBS-TV logos and screenshots from 1950s to the present day]

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