Little Italy (Omaha)

Little Italy is a neighborhood in Omaha, Nebraska, USA. Historically the home to the city's Italian population, Little Italy was the source for much of Omaha's bootlegging during Prohibition, many laborers for the Union Pacific railroad, and the Santa Lucia Procession, which started in 1924 and continues annually. [Larsen, L. and Cotrell, B. (1997) "The Gate City: A history of Omaha." University of Nebraska Press. p. 161.]

The community is bounded by Pacific Street on the north, Center Street on the south, South 10th Street on the west and the Missouri River on the east. [Mead & Hunt, Inc. (2006) " [http://www.nebraskahistory.org/histpres/reports/omaha_so_central.pdf Reconnaissance Survey of Portions of South Central Omaha, Nebraska: Historic Buildings Survey.] " Nebraska State Historical Society. p. 7. Retrieved 6/16/07.] It is located immediately south of the Burlington Train Station and the Omaha Rail and Commerce Historic District.

History

Omaha’s first Italian enclave developed during the 1890s near the intersection of South 24th Street and Poppleton Street. It was formed by immigrants from southern Italy and migrants from eastern American cities. Two brothers, Joseph and Sebastiano Salerno, are credited with creating Little Italy, located further north near the Union Pacific yards in downtown. When Sebastiano took a job as an agent for a steamship company in 1904, he encouraged friends from Sicily to emigrate. Joseph then secured boarding and jobs for the immigrants, particularly in downtown Omaha's Union Pacific shops. [Omaha City Planning Department. (nd) "A Comprehensive Program for Historic Preservation in Omaha." p 51.] In 1905, Sicilian immigrants settled along South 6th Street in the hills south of downtown. Additional waves of Sicilians arrived between 1912 and 1913 and following World War I. [Federal Writers' Project. (1936) "Omaha: A Guide to the City and Environs." American Guide Series. p. 161.] South 10th Street was also particularly important to the Italian community.

Originally Little Italy had a small commercial area on South 6th Street extending west along Pierce Street, including a grocery store, clothing and shoe stores, and the Bank of Sicily, established by the Salerno brothers in 1908. [Omaha City Planning Department. (nd) p. 51] The Immigration Act of 1924 was largely responsible for ending large-scale immigration of Italians to Omaha.

During the Prohibition era, much of the Omaha's bootleg liquor was produced in Little Italy. In 1930, Omaha city boss Tom Dennison placed Frank Calamia, a Sicilian living in the neighborhood, in charge of liquor syndicate operations in Omaha's south side. Later, from 1946 to 1951, Calamia controlled the local outlet of a national race wire service, distributed racing results received from the mob-controlled Harmony News Service in Kansas City. [Beerman, B.J. (2004) " [http://www.americanmafia.com/Cities/Omaha.html Where the hell is Omaha?] " AmericanMafia.Com Retrieved 6/18/07.] According to one expert, Little Italy native Tony Biase was the "leading Mafioso in Omaha" through the 1970s. [Reid, E. (1970) "The Grim Reapers". Bantam Books. p. 124.] [Heinen, R. (1997) "Battle Behind the Badge." Leathers Publishing.]

Present

Today the Festival of Santa Lucia is still celebrated throughout Little Italy, as it has been since the arrival of the first immigrants. [Federal Writers' Project. (1939) "Nebraska: A Guide to the Cornhusker State." p. 253.] An annual festival called "La Festa" is held to unite the city's Italian community and celebrate heritage. [Citro, J. (nd) [http://members.aol.com/GLilli/tales.html "Italians in Nebraska"] . Retrieved 6/16/07.] In addition to the historic Italian families in the area, today there are Latinos, Eastern Europeans and others throughout the community [Roberts-Gudeman, K. (2004) [http://www.omaha.com/index.php?u_np=0&u_pg=1462&u_sid=1210759 "South 10th Street is a breeze."] "Omaha World-Herald." Retrieved 6/16/07.] Several new housing developments are happening throughout the area, as well. [Beals, J. (nd) [http://www.omahacityweekly.com/article.php?id=2093 Magic Number:Third stage in downtown Omaha development charging ahead] . Retrieved 6/16/07.] Many other remnants of Little Italy endure, making this area distinct within the city. [Mead & Hunt, Inc. (2006) p. 9.]

Restaurants

Little Italy was and is home to several restaurants popular in Omaha, including Piccolo's, Cascio's, Angie's and Caniglia's at 1114 South Seventh Street. Italian restaurants in other parts of the city were also built by Italians from Little Italy. [Federal Writers' Project. (1936) p. 161.] They include Sebastiano Caniglia's Mister C's restaurant in the Miller Park neighborhood of North Omaha.

Landmarks

Little Italy has several landmarks, including St. Francis Cabrini Church, designed by Thomas Rogers Kimball and built in 1908 at 1335 South 10th Street. The Cornish Residence is one of Omaha's best examples of Second Empire style architecture, and Santa Lucia Hall, which was originally built in 1891 as Fire Station 9. [(2007) [http://www.livelyomaha.org/Neighborhood_Omaha/LI_Tour/Litttle_Italy_Tour.html "Walking tour of Little Italy May 9"] . Omaha By Design. Retrieved 6/16/07.] Other landmarks include the Santa Lucia Festival Committee Hall at 725 Pierce Street; Marino's Italian Grocery at 1716 South 13th Street; Sons Of Italy Hall located at 1238 South 10th Street, and; Orsi's Bakery at 621 Pacific Street. [Citro, J. (2007) [http://www.comunesofitaly.org/node/1387/pdf Omaha, Nebraska] . Communes of Italy. Retrieved 6/16/07.]

Addendum 8/7/07: Caniglia's on 7th has been torn down, and in its place will be new, high-end townhomes.

Notable residents

* Giuseppe Mario Bellanca
* Michele Pane
* Pat Venditte
* Anthony J. Biase
* Caniglia
* Angelo Rossitto

ee also

* History of Omaha

References

External links

* [http://www.niaf.org/milestones/images/1888/1888_d.jpgA photo from the The Feast of Saint Lucy] in Little Italy in Omaha.
* [http://www.townslittleitaly.com/ The Towns] housing development website. Includes history of Little Italy.

Bibliography

* Venditte, P.L. (1983) "The Americanization of the Italian-American Immigrants in Omaha, Nebraska. University of Nebraska - Lincoln
* Chudacoff, H. (1973) "A New Look At Ethnic Neighborhoods: Residential Dispersion and the Concept of Visibility in a Medium-Sized City." "The Journal of American History. 60"(1) pp. 76-93.