Upper Kalskag, Alaska

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Upper Kalskag, Alaska
settlement_type = City
nickname =
motto =

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image_

mapsize = 250px
map_caption = Location of Upper Kalskag, Alaska


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subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = United States
subdivision_type1 = State
subdivision_name1 = Alaska
subdivision_type2 = Census Area
subdivision_name2 = Bethel
government_footnotes =
government_type =
leader_title =
leader_name =
leader_title1 =
leader_name1 =
established_title =
established_date =

area_footnotes =
area_magnitude =
area_total_km2 = 10.7
area_land_km2 = 9.8
area_water_km2 = 0.9
area_total_sq_mi = 4.1
area_land_sq_mi = 3.8
area_water_sq_mi = 0.4

population_as_of = 2007
population_footnotes =cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/tables/SUB-EST2007-04-02.csv|title=Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places in Alaska|publisher=United States Census Bureau|date=2008-07-10|accessdate=2008-07-14]
population_total = 230
population_density_km2 = 23.5
population_density_sq_mi = 60.8

timezone = Alaska (AKST)
utc_offset = -9
timezone_DST = AKDT
utc_offset_DST = -8
elevation_footnotes =
elevation_m = 12
elevation_ft = 39
latd = 61 |latm = 32 |lats = 15 |latNS = N
longd = 160 |longm = 18 |longs = 58 |longEW = W

postal_code_type =
postal_code =
area_code = 907
GNIS_id = 1404378
blank_name = FIPS code
blank_info = 02-81320
blank1_name =
blank1_info =
website =
footnotes =

Upper Kalskag is a city in Bethel Census Area, Alaska, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 230.

Geography

Upper Kalskag is located at coor dms|61|32|15|N|160|18|58|W|city (61.537440, -160.316070)GR|1.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.1 square miles (10.7 km²), of which, 3.8 square miles (9.8 km²) of it is land and 0.3 square miles (0.9 km²) of it (8.47%) is water.

Upper Kalskag, referred to by the locals as just "Upper", is linked to Lower Kalskag (Lower) by a single two mile maintained gravel/dirt road.

Upper Kalskag is accessible only by small plane, boat, and automobile via the river "ice road" (Winter only). The ice road is constructed each winter from Aniak to Bethel by drilling and marking holes in the ice every 100 yards and subsequently marking and plowing a route on the river where the ice depth is sufficient.

Demographics

As of the censusGR|2 of 2000, there were 230 people, 62 households, and 44 families residing in the city. The population density was 60.8 people per square mile (23.5/km²). There were 66 housing units at an average density of 17.5/sq mi (6.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 8.70% White, 0.43% Black or African American, 85.65% Native American, and 5.22% from two or more races. Referenced as "Native American" by the U.S. census, the majority of the population of Kalskag is not, in fact, Native American, rather Yupik Eskimo.

There were 62 households out of which 56.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.1% were married couples living together, 16.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.0% were non-families. 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.71 and the average family size was 4.55.

In the city the population was spread out with 43.9% under the age of 18, 10.4% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 12.6% from 45 to 64, and 6.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females there were 103.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,333, and the median income for a family was $32,708. Males had a median income of $16,667 versus $20,938 for females. The per capita income for the city was $7,859. About 24.5% of families and 24.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.4% of those under the age of eighteen and 5.3% of those sixty five or over.

Culture and History

Upper Kalskag is a traditional Yup'ik village, with a culture centered on subsistence activities. The founding residents were from the native village of Kaltkhagamute, four miles down river. The Russian explorer Lavrenty Zagoskin reported a population of 120 in 1843 for Kaltkhagamute (Khalkagmute). Over the years, residents of Crow Village, Ohagamiut, Russian Mission, and Paimute also moved to the village. Russian and American explorers brought both Roman Catholic and Russian Orthodox religious influences, however, the village’s Russian Orthodox practitioners left to establish Lower Kalskag 2 miles down river in 1940. George Morgan, a German immigrant who founded Georgetown, established ageneral store and Post Office in 1932. Paul N. Kameroff, Sr. also established a general store, a pool hall, and a coffee shop around 1930. The government school was built in that timeframe as well. The community once owned a herd of about 2000 reindeer.

References

* Petroff, Ivan, (1884). "Report on the Population, Industries, and Resources of Alaska" Reprinted from U.S. 10th Census, Reports [1880] Washington, U.S. Census Office

External links