Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi
- Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi
The Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi (less correctly spelled as "Unkiar Skelessi") was a treaty signed between Russia and the Ottoman Empire in 1833, following the Russo-Turkish War, 1828-1829.
Background
Muhammad Ali of Egypt, ostensibly only a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire, had taken his newly-reformed military into a war against the Ottoman Sultan, Mahmud II, in late 1831 seeking to increase his personal power and gain control over Palestine, Syria and Arabia. He had easily overridden Turkish forces and threatened Constantinople itself. While Britain and France were sympathetic to Muhammad Ali, Nicholas I sent a Russian army to the assistance of the Turks. This intervention brought about peace by May of 1833, which left Muhammad Ali in control of Syria and Arabia.
The Treaty
On July 8, 1833, the Russians and Ottoman Turks signed the Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi. This promised mutual assistance should either be attacked by a foreign power. A secret article exempted Turkey from sending military forces; instead, they were to close the Dardanelles to all non-Russian ships[cite book | title =Empires of the Sand: The Struggle for Mastery in the Middle East | author = Efraim Karsh | publisher = Harvard University Press | year = 2001 | page = p. 35 ] ]Britain and France were suspicious of the treaty, fearing that Turkey had given Russia freedom of action to send warships through the Dardanelles. These doubts were however quelled in 1841 by the London Straits Convention.
Footnotes
Wikimedia Foundation.
2010.
Look at other dictionaries:
Hünkâr İskelesi, Treaty of — (1833) Alliance between the Ottoman Empire and Russia, signed at the village of Hünkâr İskelesi (Unkiar Skelessi), near Istanbul. In return for Russian military aid, the Ottoman sultan, Mahmud II, agreed to a secret article in their mutual… … Universalium
Traite d'Hunkar Iskelesi — Traité d Unkiar Skelessi Le traité d Unkiar Skelessi (en turc Hünkâr İskelesi) est signé le 8 juillet 1833 entre la Russie et l Empire ottoman, à la suite de la guerre russo turque de 1828 1829. Par ce traité, l empire ottoman passait… … Wikipédia en Français
Traité d'Hünkâr İskelesi — Traité d Unkiar Skelessi Le traité d Unkiar Skelessi (en turc Hünkâr İskelesi) est signé le 8 juillet 1833 entre la Russie et l Empire ottoman, à la suite de la guerre russo turque de 1828 1829. Par ce traité, l empire ottoman passait… … Wikipédia en Français
treaty — /tree tee/, n., pl. treaties. 1. a formal agreement between two or more states in reference to peace, alliance, commerce, or other international relations. 2. the formal document embodying such an international agreement. 3. any agreement or… … Universalium
Treaty of Adrianople — The Peace Treaty of Adrianople (also called the Treaty of Edirne) concluded the Russo Turkish War, 1828 1829 between Russia and the Ottoman Empire. It was signed on September 14, 1829 in Adrianople by Russia s Count Aleksey Orlov and by Turkey s… … Wikipedia
Treaty of Paris (1856) — For other treaties of Paris, see Treaty of Paris. From Auguste Blanchard s copper plate engraving after Edouard Dubufe s Picture … Wikipedia
Treaty of Constantinople (1832) — Map showing the original territory of the Kingdom of Greece as laid down in the Treaty of 1832 (in dark blue). The Τreaty of Constantinople was the product of the Constantinople Conference which opened in February 1832 with the participation of… … Wikipedia
Treaty of Balta Liman — The Treaties of Balta Liman were both signed in Balta Liman (near Istanbul) with the Ottoman Empire as one of its signatories. Contents 1 1838 2 1849 3 References 4 See also … Wikipedia
Inkiar Skelessi, Treaty of — (1833) Also spelled Hunkar Iskelesi and Unkiar Skelessi, this defensive alliance between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire was signed on July 8, 1833. The Ottomans had been forced to turn to the Russians for aid when earlier appeals to … Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914
Ottoman–Venetian maritime treaty (1416) — The Ottoman–Venetian maritime treaty of 1416 was signed between Ottoman Empire and Republic of Venice, ending a short conflict between the two powers and stipulating the rules maritime trade between them. Background After the collapse of the… … Wikipedia
