Yaoya Oshichi

] , literally "greengrocer Oshichi",cite web|url=http://www.nijl.ac.jp/~kiban-s/project/seika_pdf/2002/2002-003.pdf|format=PDF|title=The Onnagata in Kabuki: from Kamigata to Edo |author=Takei Kyōzō|first=Takei|last=Kyōzō|pages=pp.193-197|accessdate=2007-06-05] was a daughter of the greengrocer Tarobei. She lived in the Hongō neighborhood of Edo at the beginning of the Edo period. She attempted to commit arson after falling in love with a boy. This story became the subject of "joruri" plays.cite web|url=http://www.japanese-language.net/Newsletter%202006-1.pdf|format=PDF|title=Kabuki 八百屋お七 (やおやおしち) Yaoya Oshichi|date=January 2006|publisher=Japanese Learning Center|pages=p.2|accessdate=2007-06-05] cite web|url=http://www.kabuki21.com/glossaire_8.php|title=KABUKI GLOSSARY (U~Z)|accessdate=2007-06-05] The year of her birth is sometimes given as 1666.

Story

In December 1682, she fell in love with Ikuta Shōnosuke (or Saemon), a temple page, during the great fire in the Tenna Era, at Shōsen-in, the family temple (danna-dera). The next year she attempted arson, thinking she could meet him again if another fire occurred. She was caught by the police and burnt at the stake in Suzugamori for her crimes.cite web|url=http://homepage1.nifty.com/aby/2003/oshichi-novembere.htm|title=Shochikubai Yushima no Kakegaku: Greengrocer's Daughter, Oshichi: Essay|date=2003-11-08|author=Sekidobashi Sakura|accessdate=2007-06-05]

She was sixteen years old, and the magistrate knew it, but he asked her, ”You must be fifteen years old, aren't you?” at the judgment because boys and girls under fifteen years old were not subject to the death penalty. But she honestly stated her age, and was punished accordingly.

Novels

Three years after that occurrence, Ihara Saikaku described this case in the book "Kōshoku Gonin Onna" (English translation, "Five Women Who Loved Love"). About twenty years later the playwright Ki no Kaion took great liberties with the story to create a play for the traditional puppet theater entitled "Yaoya Ohichi". In 1773, three playwrights, Suga Sensuke, Matsuda Wakichi, and Wakatake Fuemi further revised Ki no Kaion's play to produce "Date musume koi no higanoko". In these two versions, Oshichi does not commit arson but does climb a fire tower on a snowy night to ring the alarm bell to get the city gates opened in order to save the life of her lover, whom she cannot otherwise reach because of the nightly curfew. The penalty, however, for sounding a false fire alarm is death, a fate Oshichi chooses to face. In the puppet plays, the character of Oshichi is presented not as the seemingly impetuous, foolish girl of the historical record, but instead as a noble figure whose selfless devotion saves the man she loves. Later playwrights also developed the Oshichi story for stage, Tamenaga Tarobei in "Junshoku Edo Murasaki" and Tsuruya Nanboku in "Katakiuchi Yagura daiko".

Legacy

In the calendar then used in Japan, a year is known by five elements, and one of 12 animals. Oshichi was born in 1666, the year of the fire horse ("Hinoe Uma"), which recurs every 60 years. Since then, it has been thought inauspicious for a girl to be born in the year of the fire horse - and in Japan, fewer children are born in such years (the most recent being 1966). [Arson, an attractive monk and our vertigo clinic. Irino, Kawase, Miki. Lancet 2007; 370:2126 ] [ [http://www.japanfocus.org/products/details/2411 Japan Focus ] ]

References