- Tenna
nihongo|"Tenna"|天和 was a nihongo| Japanese era name|年号,|"nengō",|lit. "
year name" after "Enpō " and before "Jōkyō ." This period spanned the years from1681 through1684 . The reigning emperor was nihongo|Reigen"-tennō"|霊元天皇. [Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). "Annales des empereurs du japon," pp. 414-415.]Change of era
*;
1681 : The new era name of "Tenna" (meaning "Heavenly Imperial Peace") was created to mark the 58th year of a cycle of the Chinese zodiac. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in "Empō" 9, on the 29th day of the 9th month.Events of the "Tenna" era
* "Tenna 1" (
1681 ): InEdo , the investiture ofTokugawa Tsunayoshi as the fifthshogun of the Edo bakufu. [Titsingh, p. 414.]
* "Tenna 1", on the 28th day of the 12th month (1681 ): The Great "Tenna" Fire inEdo .Titsingh, p. 415.]
* "Tenna 2" (1681 ): A famine afflictsHeian-kyō and the nearby areas. [see above] ]
* "Tenna 3" (March 3 ,1683 ):Yaoya Oshichi was burned at the stake for arson.
* "Tenna 3" (1683 ): Tokugawa shogunate grants permission forMitsui money exchanges ("ryōgaeten") to be established in Edo. [Hiroshi Shinjō. (1962). "History of the Yen: 100 Years of Japanese Money-economy," p. 11.]
* "Tenna 4" (1683 ): The assassination ofHotta Masatoshi signals the end of government characterized by financial sobriety and stringency, and the beginning of a swing towards extravagance and the expansive spending policies of Tsunayoshi's chamberlains. [Bodart-Bailey, Beatrice. (2006). "The Dog Shogun: The Personality and Policies of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi," p. 183.]References
* Bodart-Bailey, Beatrice. (2006). "The Dog Shogun: The Personality and Policies of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi." Honolulu:
University of Hawaii Press . ISBN 0-8248-2066-5
* Screech, Timon. (2006). "Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822." London:RoutledgeCurzon . ISBN 0-700-71720-X
* Shinjō, Hiroshi. (1962). "History of the Yen: 100 Years of Japanese Money-economy." Kobe: Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kōbe University.
* Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō , 1652] , "Nipon o daï itsi ran ; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth." Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [http://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran ... Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)]External links
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]
Preceded by:
"Enpō "Era or "nengō": Tenna "'Succeeded by:
"Jōkyō "
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