Wildlife of Uganda

The Wildlife of Uganda includes its flora and fauna and their natural habitats.Uganda has 364 species of mammals and 1062 species of birds.

Conservation

WCS began conservation work in Uganda through conducting biological surveys of savanna parks in 1957. Since then WCS has continued to provide funds for conservation almost every year up to the present despite the era of Idi Amin and the civil wars that followed. During the 1970s and 80s, they supported conservation of Kibale Forest, which became a national park in 1993. WCS has supported the building of research and management capacities of Ugandans through aiding student research projects, helping to develop the Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation (ITFC), and more recently providing training to the Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) and National Forest Authority (NWA) staff.

The major threats to protected areas include poaching for bushmeat, illegal timber harvesting, charcoal burning and encroachment for farmland. Each of these has degraded protected areas over the past 40 years and led to reduced numbers of wildlife. Better protection in the 1990s has led to a slow but steady increase in many large mammal numbers, but some continue to decline.

WCS is currently supporting projects that build the capacity of Ugandan protected area managers. WCS believes in supporting the national institutions rather than creating parallel ones. Working with the Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) over the last two years, they have developed a monitoring and research plan for every national park and wildlife reserve in Uganda. They have led surveys of a complete census of chimpanzees in Uganda and the development of an action plan for their conservation with UWA. A census of the mountain gorilla populations in 2005 have shown increases in the numbers both in Bwindi (320) and the Virungas (380), bringing the total world population to 700. They also conduct surveys in order to develop zoning plans for the forests based on biological criteria.

Fauna

Mammals

ubclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Afrosoricida (tenrecs and golden moles)

----

The order Afrosoricida contains the golden moles of southern Africa and the tenrecs of Madagascar and Africa, two families of small mammals that were traditionally part of the order Insectivora.

**Family: Tenrecidae (tenrecs)
***Subfamily: Potamogalinae
****Genus: Micropotamogale
***** Ruwenzori Otter Shrew "Micropotamogale ruwenzorii" NT
****Genus: Potamogale
***** Giant Otter Shrew "Potamogale velox" LC
**Family: Chrysochloridae
***Subfamily: Chrysochlorinae
****Genus: Chrysochloris
***** Stuhlmann's Golden Mole "Chrysochloris stuhlmanni" LC

Order: Macroscelidea (elephant-shrews)

----Often called sengisi, the elephant shrews or jumping shrews are native to southern Africa. Their common English name derives from their elongated flexible snout and their resemblance to the true shrews.

**Family: Macroscelididae (elephant-shrews)
***Genus: Elephantulus
**** Short-snouted Sengi "Elephantulus brachyrhynchus" LC
**** Dusky-footed Sengi "Elephantulus fuscipes" DD
**** Rufous Sengi "Elephantulus rufescens" LC
***Genus: Rhynchocyon
**** Checkered Sengi "Rhynchocyon cirnei" NT

Order: Tubulidentata (aardvarks)

----The order Tubulidentata consists of a single species, the Aardvark. Tubulidentata are characterised by their teeth which lack a pulp cavity and form thin tubes which are continuously worn down and replaced.

**Family: Orycteropodidae
***Genus: Orycteropus
**** Aardvark "Orycteropus afer" LC

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)

----The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stmpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

**Family: Procaviidae (hylaxes)
***Genus: Dendrohyrax
**** Western Tree Hyrax "Dendrohyrax dorsalis" LC
***Genus: Heterohyrax
**** Yellow-spotted Rock Hyrax "Heterohyrax brucei" LC
***Genus: Procavia
**** Cape Hyrax "Procavia capensis" LC

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)

----The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

**Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
***Genus: Loxodonta
**** African Bush Elephant "Loxodonta africana" VU

Order: Primates

----The order Primates contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. It is divided informally into three main groupings: prosimians, monkeys of the New World, and monkeys and apes of the Old World.

*Suborder: Strepsirrhini
**Infraorder: Lorisiformes
***Family: Lorisidae (lorises, bushbabies)
****Genus: Perodicticus
***** Potto "Perodicticus potto" LR/lc
***Family: Galagidae
****Genus: Galago
***** Demidoff's Dwarf Galago "Galago demidoff" LR/lc
***** Eastern Needle-clawed Bushbaby "Galago matschiei" LR/nt
***** Senegal Bushbaby "Galago senegalensis" LR/lc
***** Thomas's Bushbaby "Galago thomasi" LR/lc
****Genus: Otolemur
***** Brown Greater Galago "Otolemur crassicaudatus" LR/lc
*Suborder: Haplorrhini
**Infraorder: Simiiformes
***Parvorder: Catarrhini
****Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
*****Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
******Genus: Erythrocebus
******* Patas Monkey "Erythrocebus patas" LR/lc
******Genus: Cercopithecus
******* Chlorocebus "Cercopithecus aethiops" LR/lc
******* Black-cheeked White-nosed Monkey "Cercopithecus ascanius" LR/lc
******* Hamlyn's Monkey "Cercopithecus hamlyni" LR/nt
******* L'Hoest's Monkey "Cercopithecus lhoesti" LR/nt
******* Blue Monkey "Cercopithecus mitis" LR/lc
******* De Brazza's Monkey "Cercopithecus neglectus" LR/lc
******Genus: Lophocebus
******* Grey-cheeked Mangabey "Lophocebus albigena" LR/lc
******Genus: Papio
******* Olive Baboon "Papio anubis" LR/lc
******Subfamily: Colobinae
*******Genus: Colobus
******** Angola Colobus "Colobus angolensis" LR/lc
******** Mantled Guereza "Colobus guereza" LR/lc
****Superfamily: Hominoidea
*****Family: Hominidae (humans)
******Subfamily: Homininae
*******Tribe: Gorillini
********Genus: Gorilla
********* Eastern Gorilla "Gorilla beringei" EN
*******Tribe: Hominini
********Genus: Pan
********* Common Chimpanzee "Pan troglodytes" EN

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

----Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

*Suborder: Hystricognathi
**Family: Bathyergidae
***Genus: Cryptomys
**** Ochre Mole Rat "Cryptomys ochraceocinereus" DD
**Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
***Genus: Atherurus
**** African Brush-tailed Porcupine "Atherurus africanus" LC
***Genus: Hystrix
**** Cape Porcupine "Hystrix africaeaustralis" LC
**** Crested Porcupine "Hystrix cristata" LC
**Family: Thryonomyidae (cane rats)
***Genus: Thryonomys
**** Lesser Cane Rat "Thryonomys gregorianus" LC
**** Greater Cane Rat "Thryonomys swinderianus" LC
*Suborder: Sciurognathi
**Family: Anomaluridae
***Subfamily: Anomalurinae
****Genus: Anomalurus
***** Lord Derby's Scaly-tailed Squirrel "Anomalurus derbianus" LC
***** Dwarf Scaly-tailed Squirrel "Anomalurus pusillus" LC
****Genus: Anomalurops
***** Beecroft's Scaly-tailed Squirrel "Anomalurops beecrofti" LC
***Subfamily: Zenkerellinae
****Genus: Idiurus
***** Flying mouse "Idiurus zenkeri" DD
**Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
***Subfamily: Xerinae
****Tribe: Xerini
*****Genus: Xerus
****** Striped ground squirrel "Xerus erythropus" LC
****** Unstriped Ground Squirrel "Xerus rutilus" LC
****Tribe: Protoxerini
*****Genus: Funisciurus
****** Carruther's Mountain Squirrel "Funisciurus carruthersi" LC
****** Fire-footed Rope Squirrel "Funisciurus pyrropus" LC
*****Genus: Heliosciurus
****** Gambian Sun Squirrel "Heliosciurus gambianus" LC
****** Red-legged Sun Squirrel "Heliosciurus rufobrachium" LC
****** Ruwenzori Sun Squirrel "Heliosciurus ruwenzorii" LC
*****Genus: Paraxerus
****** Alexander's Bush Squirrel "Paraxerus alexandri" LC
****** Boehm's Bush Squirrel "Paraxerus boehmi" LC
*****Genus: Protoxerus
****** Forest Giant Squirrel "Protoxerus stangeri" LC
**Family: Gliridae (dormice)
***Subfamily: Graphiurinae
****Genus: Graphiurus
***** Lorrain Dormouse "Graphiurus lorraineus" LC
***** Savanna Dormouse "Graphiurus parvus" LC
**Family: Spalacidae
***Subfamily: Tachyoryctinae
****Genus: Tachyoryctes
***** Ankole Mole Rat "Tachyoryctes ankoliae" LC
***** Rudd's Mole Rat "Tachyoryctes ruddi" LC
**Family: Nesomyidae
***Subfamily: Delanymyinae
****Genus: Delanymys
***** Delany's Swamp Mouse "Delanymys brooksi" EN
***Subfamily: Dendromurinae
****Genus: Dendromus
***** Remarkable Climbing Mouse "Dendromus insignis" LC
***** Kivu Climbing Mouse "Dendromus kivu" LC
***** Gray Glimbing Mouse "Dendromus melanotis" LC
***** Chestnut Climbing Mouse "Dendromus mystacalis" LC
****Genus: Steatomys
***** Tiny Fat Mouse "Steatomys parvus" LC
***Subfamily: Cricetomyinae
****Genus: Cricetomys
***** "Cricetomys emini" LC
***** Gambian Pouch Rat "Cricetomys gambianus" LC
****Genus: Saccostomus
***** Mearns's Pouched Mouse "Saccostomus mearnsi" LC
**Family: Cricetidae
***Subfamily: Lophiomyinae
****Genus: Lophiomys
***** Maned Rat "Lophiomys imhausi" LC
**Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
***Subfamily: Deomyinae
****Genus: Acomys
***** Gray Spiny Mouse "Acomys cineraceus" LC
***** Percival's Spiny Mouse "Acomys percivali" LC
***** Wilson's Spiny Mouse "Acomys wilsoni" LC
****Genus: Deomys
***** Congo Forest Mouse "Deomys ferrugineus" LC
****Genus: Lophuromys
***** Rahm's Brush-furred Rat "Lophuromys rahmi" NT
***** Rusty-bellied Brush-furred Rat "Lophuromys sikapusi" LC
***** Woosnam's Brush-furred Rat "Lophuromys woosnami" LC
****Genus: Uranomys
***** Rudd's Mouse "Uranomys ruddi" LC
***Subfamily: Otomyinae
****Genus: Otomys
***** Barbour's Vlei Rat "Otomys barbouri" EN
***** Ruwenzori Vlei Rat "Otomys dartmouthi" VU
***** Dent's Vlei Rat "Otomys denti" NT
***** Mount Elgon Vlei Rat "Otomys jacksoni" EN
***** Tropical Vlei Rat "Otomys tropicalis" LC
***Subfamily: Gerbillinae
****Genus: Gerbillus
***** Cosens's Gerbil "Gerbillus cosensis" DD
****Genus: Tatera
***** Boehm's Gerbil "Tatera boehmi" LC
***** Kemp's Gerbil "Tatera kempi" LC
***** Bushveld Gerbil "Tatera leucogaster" LC
***** Fring-tailed Gerbil "Tatera robusta" LC
***** Savanna Gerbil "Tatera valida" LC
****Genus: Taterillus
***** Congo Tateril "Taterillus congicus" LC
***** Emin's Tateril "Taterillus emini" LC
***** Harrington's Tateril "Taterillus harringtoni" LC
***Subfamily: Murinae
****Genus: Aethomys
***** Hinde's Rock Rat "Aethomys hindei" LC
***** Kaiser's Rock Rat "Aethomys kaiseri" LC
****Genus: Arvicanthis
***** African Grass Rat "Arvicanthis niloticus" LC
****Genus: Colomys
***** African Water Rat "Colomys goslingi" LC
****Genus: Dasymys
***** Common Dasymys "Dasymys incomtus" LC
***** Montane Shaggy Rat "Dasymys montanus" VU
****Genus: Grammomys
***** Forest Thicket Rat "Grammomys dryas" NT
***** Ruwenzori Thicket Rat "Grammomys ibeanus" LC
***** Macmillan's Thicket Rat "Grammomys macmillani" LC
***** Shining Thicket Rat "Grammomys rutilans" LC
****Genus: Hybomys
***** Ruwenzori Hybomys "Hybomys lunaris" VU
***** Peters' Striped Mouse "Hybomys univittatus" LC
****Genus: Hylomyscus
***** Beaded Wood Mouse "Hylomyscus aeta" LC
***** Montane Wood Mouse "Hylomyscus denniae" LC
***** Stella Wood Mouse "Hylomyscus stella" LC
****Genus: Lemniscomys
***** Buffoon Lemniscomys "Lemniscomys macculus" LC
***** Typical Striped Grass Mouse "Lemniscomys striatus" LC
***** Heuglin's Lemniscomys "Lemniscomys zebra" LC
****Genus: Malacomys
***** Big-eared Swamp Rat "Malacomys longipes" LC
****Genus: Mastomys
***** Guinea Multimammate Mouse "Mastomys erythroleucus" LC
***** Natal Multimammate Mouse "Mastomys natalensis" LC
****Genus: Mus
***** Toad Mouse "Mus bufo" LC
***** Mahomet Mouse "Mus mahomet" LC
***** African Pygmy Mouse "Mus minutoides" LC
***** Peter's Mouse "Mus setulosus" LC
***** Thomas's Pygmy Mouse "Mus sorella" LC
***** Gray-bellied Pygmy Mouse "Mus triton" LC
****Genus: Mylomys
***** Mill Rat "Mylomys dybowskii" LC
****Genus: Myomyscus
***** Brockman's Myomyscus "Myomyscus brockmani" LC
****Genus: Oenomys
***** Rufous-nosed Rats "Oenomys hypoxanthus" LC
****Genus: Pelomys
***** Creek Groove-toothed Swamp Rat "Pelomys fallax" LC
***** Hopkins's Groove-toothed Swamp Rat "Pelomys hopkinsi" VU
***** Issel's Groove-toothed Swamp Rat "Pelomys isseli" EN
****Genus: Praomys
***** nopage "Praomys degraaffi" VU
***** Jackson's Soft-furred Mouse "Praomys jacksoni" LC
***** Misonne's Soft-furred Mouse "Praomys misonnei" LC
****Genus: Rhabdomys
***** Four-striped Grass Mouse "Rhabdomys pumilio" LC
****Genus: Stochomys
***** Target Rat "Stochomys longicaudatus" LC
****Genus: Thamnomys
***** Charming Thicket Rat "Thamnomys venustus" NT
****Genus: Zelotomys
***** Hildegarde's Zelotomys "Zelotomys hildegardeae" LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

----The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

*Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
**Genus: Poelagus
*** Bunyoro Rabbit "Poelagus marjorita" LR/lc
**Genus: Lepus
*** Cape Hare "Lepus capensis" LR/lc
*** African Savanna Hare "Lepus microtis" LR/lc

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

----

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

*Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
**Subfamily: Erinaceinae
***Genus: Atelerix
**** Four-toed Hedgehog "Atelerix albiventris" LR/lc

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons)

----The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.

*Family: Soricidae (shrews)
**Subfamily: Crocidurinae
***Genus: Crocidura
**** Congo Shrew "Crocidura congobelgica" LC
**** Dent's Shrew "Crocidura denti" LC
**** Long-tailed Musk Shrew "Crocidura dolichura" LC
**** Savanna Shrew "Crocidura fulvastra" LC
**** Tiny Musk Shrew "Crocidura fuscomurina" LC
**** Jackson's Shrew "Crocidura jacksoni" LC
**** Butiaba Naked-tailed Shrew "Crocidura littoralis" LC
**** Greater Gray-brown Musk Shrew "Crocidura luna" LC
**** Dark Shrew "Crocidura maurisca" DD
**** Montane White-toothed Shrew "Crocidura montis" LC
**** Uganda Large-toothed Shrew "Crocidura mutesae" DD
**** Tiny White-toothed Shrew "Crocidura nanilla" LC
**** Tenebrous Shrew "Crocidura nigrofusca" LC
**** Stony Shrew "Crocidura niobe" LC
**** Olivier's Shrew "Crocidura olivieri" LC
**** Small-footed Shrew "Crocidura parvipes" LC
**** Flat-headed Shrew "Crocidura planiceps" DD
**** Roosvelt's Shrew "Crocidura roosevelti" LC
**** Moon Shrew "Crocidura selina" LC
**** Lesser Gray-brown Musk Shrew "Crocidura silacea" LC
**** Narrow-headed Shrew "Crocidura stenocephala" VU
**** Ugandan Shrew "Crocidura tarella" VU
**** Tumultuous Shrew "Crocidura turba" LC
**** Savanna Path Shrew "Crocidura viaria" LC
***Genus: Paracrocidura
**** Greater Shrew "Paracrocidura maxima" NT
***Genus: Ruwenzorisorex
**** Ruwenzori Shrew "Ruwenzorisorex suncoides" VU
***Genus: Scutisorex
**** Armored Shrew "Scutisorex somereni" LC
***Genus: Suncus
**** Least Dwarf Shrew "Suncus infinitesimus" LC
***Genus: Sylvisorex
**** Grant's Shrew "Sylvisorex granti" LC
**** Johnston's Shrew "Sylvisorex johnstoni" LC
**** Crescent Shrew "Sylvisorex lunaris" LC
**** Climbing Shrew "Sylvisorex megalura" LC
**** Volcano Shrew "Sylvisorex vulcanorum" LC
**Subfamily: Myosoricinae
***Genus: Myosorex
**** Babault's Mouse Shrew "Myosorex babaulti" VU
**** Montane Mouse Shrew "Myosorex blarina" VU

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

----The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

*Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
**Subfamily: Pteropodinae
***Genus: Eidolon
**** Straw-coloured Fruit Bat "Eidolon helvum" LC
***Genus: Epomophorus
**** Ethiopian Epauletted Fruit Bat "Epomophorus labiatus" LC
**** East African Epauletted Fruit Bat "Epomophorus minimus" LC
**** Wahlberg's Epauletted Fruit Bat "Epomophorus wahlbergi" LC
***Genus: Epomops
**** Franquet's Epauletted Fruit Bat "Epomops franqueti" LC
***Genus: Hypsignathus
**** Hammer-headed bat "Hypsignathus monstrosus" LC
***Genus: Lissonycteris
**** Angolan Rousette "Lissonycteris angolensis" LC
***Genus: Micropteropus
**** Peter's Dwarf Epauletted Fruit Bat "Micropteropus pusillus" LC
***Genus: Myonycteris
**** Little Collared Fruit Bat "Myonycteris torquata" LC
***Genus: Rousettus
**** Egyptian fruit bat "Rousettus aegyptiacus" LC
**** Long-haired Rousette "Rousettus lanosus" LC
**Subfamily: Macroglossinae
***Genus: Megaloglossus
**** Woermann's Fruit Bat "Megaloglossus woermanni" LC
*Family: Vespertilionidae
**Subfamily: Kerivoulinae
***Genus: Kerivoula
**** Damara Woolly Bat "Kerivoula argentata" LC
**** Spurrell's Woolly Bat "Kerivoula phalaena" NT
**** Smith's Woolly Bat "Kerivoula smithi" LC
**Subfamily: Myotinae
***Genus: Myotis
**** Rufous Mouse-eared Bat "Myotis bocagii" LC
**** Welwitch's Bat "Myotis welwitschii" LC
**Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
***Genus: Glauconycteris
**** Bibundi Bat "Glauconycteris egeria" DD
**** Glen's Wattled Bat "Glauconycteris gleni" VU
**** Allen's Spotted Bat "Glauconycteris humeralis" DD
**** Butterfly Bat "Glauconycteris variegata" LC
***Genus: Hypsugo
**** Broad-headed Pipistrelle "Hypsugo crassulus" LC
**** Eisentraut's Pipistrelle "Hypsugo eisentrauti" DD
***Genus: Mimetillus
**** Moloney's Flat-headed Bat "Mimetillus moloneyi" LC
***Genus: Neoromicia
**** Cape Serotine "Neoromicia capensis" LC
**** Tiny Serotine "Neoromicia guineensis" LC
**** Heller's Pipistrelle "Neoromicia helios" DD
**** Banana Pipistrelle "Neoromicia nanus" LC
**** Rendall's Serotine "Neoromicia rendalli" LC
**** Somali Serotine "Neoromicia somalicus" LC
**** White-winged Serotine "Neoromicia tenuipinnis" LC
**** nopage "Neoromicia zuluensis" LC
***Genus: Pipistrellus
**** Tiny Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus nanulus" LC
**** RÜppel's Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus rueppelli" LC
**** Rusty Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus rusticus" LC
***Genus: Scotoecus
**** White-bellied Lesser House Bat "Scotoecus albigula" DD
**** Light-winged Lesser House Bat "Scotoecus albofuscus" DD
**** Dark-winged Lesser House Bat "Scotoecus hirundo" DD
***Genus: Scotophilus
**** African Yellow Bat "Scotophilus dinganii" LC
**** White-bellied Yellow Bat "Scotophilus leucogaster" LC
**** Robbins's Yellow Bat "Scotophilus nucella" VU
**** Nut-colored Yellow Bat "Scotophilus nux" LC
**Subfamily: Miniopterinae
***Genus: Miniopterus
**** Lesser Long-fingered Bat "Miniopterus fraterculus" LC
**** Greater Long-fingered Bat "Miniopterus inflatus" LC
**** Natal Long-fingered Bat "Miniopterus natalensis" NT
*Family: Rhinopomatidae
**Genus: Rhinopoma
*** Macinnes's Mouse-tailed Bat "Rhinopoma macinnesi" VU
*Family: Molossidae
**Genus: Chaerephon
*** Duke Of Abruzzi's Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon aloysiisabaudiae" NT
*** Gland-tailed Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon bemmeleni" LC
*** Spotted Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon bivittata" LC
*** Chapin's Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon chapini" DD
*** Lappet-eared Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon major" LC
*** Nigerian Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon nigeriae" LC
*** Little Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon pumila" LC
**Genus: Mops
*** Angolan Free-tailed Bat "Mops condylurus" LC
*** Medje Free-tailed Bat "Mops congicus" NT
*** Mongalla Free-tailed Bat "Mops demonstrator" NT
*** Midas Free-tailed Bat "Mops midas" LC
*** Dwarf Free-tailed Bat "Mops nanulus" LC
*** Railer Bat "Mops thersites" LC
*** Trevor's Free-tailed Bat "Mops trevori" VU
**Genus: Myopterus
*** Bini Free-tailed Bat "Myopterus whitleyi" LC
**Genus: Otomops
*** Large-eared Free-tailed Bat "Otomops martiensseni" NT
**Genus: Tadarida
*** Egyptian Free-tailed Bat "Tadarida aegyptiaca" LC
*Family: Emballonuridae
**Genus: Coleura
*** African Sheath-tailed Bat "Coleura afra" LC
**Genus: Saccolaimus
*** Pel's Pouched Bat "Saccolaimus peli" NT
**Genus: Taphozous
*** Hamilton's Tomb Bat "Taphozous hamiltoni" NT
*** Mauritian Tomb Bat "Taphozous mauritianus" LC
*** Egyptian Tomb Bat "Taphozous perforatus" LC
*Family: Nycteridae
**Genus: Nycteris
*** Bate's Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris arge" LC
*** "Nycteris aurita" DD
*** Hairy Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris hispida" LC
*** Large-Eared Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris macrotis" LC
*** Dwarf Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris nana" LC
*** Egyptian Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris thebaica" LC
*Family: Megadermatidae
**Genus: Cardioderma
*** Heart-nosed Bat "Cardioderma cor" LC
**Genus: Lavia
*** Yellow-winged bat "Lavia frons" LC
*Family: Rhinolophidae
**Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
***Genus: Rhinolophus
**** Halcyon Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus alcyone" LC
**** Geoffroy's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus clivosus" LC
**** Eloquent Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus eloquens" DD
**** RÜppell's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus fumigatus" LC
**** Hildebrandt's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus hildebrandti" LC
**** Lander's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus landeri" LC
**** Ruwenzori Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus ruwenzorii" VU
**Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
***Genus: Hipposideros
**** Aba Roundleaf Bat "Hipposideros abae" NT
**** Sundevall's Roundleaf Bat "Hipposideros caffer" LC
**** Cyclops Roundleaf Bat "Hipposideros cyclops" LC
**** Sooty Roundleaf Bat "Hipposideros fuliginosus" NT
**** Noack's Roundleaf Bat "Hipposideros ruber" LC
***Genus: Triaenops
**** Persian Trident Bat "Triaenops persicus" LC

Order: Pholidota (pangolins)

----The order Philodota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.

*Family: Manidae
**Genus: Manis
*** Giant Pangolin "Manis gigantea" LR/lc
*** Ground Pangolin "Manis temminckii" LR/nt
*** Long-tailed Pangolin "Manis tetradactyla" LR/lc
*** Tree Pangolin "Manis tricuspis" LR/lc

Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

----The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

*Suborder: Feliformia
**Family: Felidae (cats)
***Subfamily: Felinae
****Genus: Acinonyx
***** Cheetah "Acinonyx jubatus" VU
****Genus: Caracal
***** Caracal "Caracal caracal" LC
****Genus: Felis
***** Wildcat "Felis silvestris" LC
****Genus: Leptailurus
***** Serval "Leptailurus serval" LC
****Genus: Profelis
***** African Golden Cat "Profelis aurata" VU
***Subfamily: Pantherinae
****Genus: Panthera
***** Lion "Panthera leo" VU
***** Leopard "Panthera pardus" LC
**Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
***Subfamily: Viverrinae
****Genus: Civettictis
***** African Civet "Civettictis civetta" LR/lc
****Genus: Genetta
***** Common Genet "Genetta genetta" LR/lc
***** Rusty-spotted Genet "Genetta maculata" LR/lc
***** Servaline Genet "Genetta servalina" LR/lc
**Family: Nandiniidae
***Genus: Nandinia
**** African Palm Civet "Nandinia binotata" LR/lc
**Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
***Genus: Atilax
**** Marsh Mongoose "Atilax paludinosus" LR/lc
***Genus: Bdeogale
**** Jackson's Mongoose "Bdeogale jacksoni" VU
***Genus: Crossarchus
**** Alexander's Kusimanse "Crossarchus alexandri" LR/lc
***Genus: Dologale
**** Pousargues's Mongoose "Dologale dybowskii" LR/lc
***Genus: Galerella
**** Slender Mongoose "Galerella sanguinea" LR/lc
***Genus: Helogale
**** Common Dwarf Mongoose "Helogale parvula" LR/lc
***Genus: Herpestes
**** Egyptian Mongoose "Herpestes ichneumon" LR/lc
***Genus: Mungos
**** Banded Mongoose "Mungos mungo" LR/lc
**Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
***Genus: Crocuta
**** Spotted Hyena "Crocuta crocuta" LR/cd
***Genus: Proteles
**** Aardwolf "Proteles cristatus" LR/lc
*Suborder: Caniformia
**Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
***Genus: Canis
**** Side-striped Jackal "Canis adustus" LC
**** Black-backed Jackal "Canis mesomelas" LC
***Genus: Lycaon
**** African Wild Dog "Lycaon pictus" EN
**Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
***Genus: Ictonyx
**** Striped Polecat "Ictonyx striatus" LR/lc
***Genus: Poecilogale
**** African Striped Weasel "Poecilogale albinucha" LR/lc
***Genus: Mellivora
**** Ratel "Mellivora capensis" LR/lc
***Genus: Lutra
**** Speckle-throated Otter "Lutra maculicollis" LC
***Genus: Aonyx
**** African Clawless Otter "Aonyx capensis" LC
**** Oriental Small-clawed Otter "Aonyx congicus" DD

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

----The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

*Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
**Genus: Equus
*** Burchell's Zebra "Equus burchellii" LC

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

----The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

*Family: Suidae (pigs)
**Subfamily: Phacochoerinae
***Genus: Phacochoerus
**** Warthog "Phacochoerus africanus" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Suinae
***Genus: Hylochoerus
**** Giant forest hog "Hylochoerus meinertzhageni" LR/lc
***Genus: Potamochoerus
**** Bushpig "Potamochoerus larvatus" LR/lc
**** Red River Hog "Potamochoerus porcus" LR/lc
*Family: Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses)
**Genus: Hippopotamus
*** Hippopotamus "Hippopotamus amphibius" VU
*Family: Tragulidae
**Genus: Hyemoschus
*** "Hyemoschus aquaticus" DD
*Family: Giraffidae (giraffe, okapi)
**Genus: Giraffa
*** Giraffe "Giraffa camelopardalis" LR/cd
**Genus: Okapia
*** Okapi "Okapia johnstoni" LR/nt
*Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
**Subfamily: Alcelaphinae
***Genus: Alcelaphus
**** Hartebeest "Alcelaphus buselaphus" LR/cd
***Genus: Damaliscus
**** Topi "Damaliscus lunatus" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Antilopinae
***Genus: Gazella
**** Grant's Gazelle "Gazella granti" LR/cd
***Genus: Madoqua
**** Guenther's Dikdik "Madoqua guentheri" LR/lc
***Genus: Neotragus
**** Bates's Pygmy Antelope "Neotragus batesi" LR/nt
***Genus: Oreotragus
**** Klipspringer "Oreotragus oreotragus" LR/cd
***Genus: Ourebia
**** Oribi "Ourebia ourebi" LR/cd
***Genus: Raphicerus
**** Steenbok "Raphicerus campestris" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Bovinae
***Genus: Syncerus
**** African Buffalo "Syncerus caffer" LR/cd
***Genus: Tragelaphus
**** Giant Eland "Tragelaphus derbianus" LR/nt
**** Bongo (antelope) "Tragelaphus eurycerus" LR/nt
**** Lesser Kudu "Tragelaphus imberbis" LR/cd
**** Common Eland "Tragelaphus oryx" LR/cd
**** Bushbuck "Tragelaphus scriptus" LR/lc
**** Sitatunga "Tragelaphus spekii" LR/nt
**** Greater Kudu "Tragelaphus strepsiceros" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Cephalophinae
***Genus: Cephalophus
**** Peters's Duiker "Cephalophus callipygus" LR/nt
**** Bay Duiker "Cephalophus dorsalis" LR/nt
**** Blue Duiker "Cephalophus monticola" LR/lc
**** Black-fronted Duiker "Cephalophus nigrifrons" LR/nt
**** Red-flanked Duiker "Cephalophus rufilatus" LR/cd
**** Yellow-backed Duiker "Cephalophus silvicultor" LR/nt
**** Weyns's Duiker "Cephalophus weynsi" LR/nt
***Genus: Sylvicapra
**** Common Duiker "Sylvicapra grimmia" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Hippotraginae
***Genus: Hippotragus
**** Roan Antelope "Hippotragus equinus" LR/cd
***Genus: Oryx
**** Gemsbok "Oryx gazella" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Aepycerotinae
***Genus: Aepyceros
**** Impala "Aepyceros melampus" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Reduncinae
***Genus: Kobus
**** Waterbuck "Kobus ellipsiprymnus" LR/cd
**** Kob "Kobus kob" LR/cd
***Genus: Redunca
**** Mountain Reedbuck "Redunca fulvorufula" LC
**** Bohor Reedbuck "Redunca redunca" LR/cd

Birds

Ostriches

Order: StruthioniformesFamily: Struthionidae

The Ostrich is a flightless bird native to Africa. It is the largest living species of bird. It is distinctive in its appearance, with a long neck and legs and the ability to run at high speeds.

*Ostrich "Struthio camelus"

Grebes

Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large sized freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes, and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. There are 20 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Uganda.

*Little Grebe "Tachybaptus ruficollis"
*Great Crested Grebe "Podiceps cristatus"
*Eared Grebe "Podiceps nigricollis"

hearwaters and Petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized 'true petrels', characterised by united nostrils with a medium septum, and a long outer functional primary. There are 75 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Uganda.

*Antarctic Giant Petrel "Macronectes giganteus" (A)

Pelicans

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes. There are 8 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Uganda.

*Great White Pelican "Pelecanus onocrotalus"
*Pink-backed Pelican "Pelecanus rufescens"

Cormorants

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae

The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. There are 38 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Uganda.

*Great Cormorant "Phalacrocorax carbo"
*Long-tailed Cormorant "Phalacrocorax africanus"

Darters

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Anhingidae

Darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged.The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving. There are 4 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Uganda.

*Darter "Anhinga melanogaster"

Bitterns, Herons and Egrets

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted. There are 61 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Uganda.

*Gray Heron "Ardea cinerea"
*Black-headed Heron "Ardea melanocephala"
*Goliath Heron "Ardea goliath"
*Purple Heron "Ardea purpurea"
*Great Egret "Ardea alba"
*Black Heron "Egretta ardesiaca"
*Intermediate Egret "Egretta intermedia"
*Little Egret "Egretta garzetta"
*Squacco Heron "Ardeola ralloides"
*Madagascar Pond-Heron "Ardeola idae"
*Rufous-bellied Heron "Ardeola rufiventris"
*Cattle Egret "Bubulcus ibis"
*Striated Heron "Butorides striata"
*Black-crowned Night-Heron "Nycticorax nycticorax"
*White-backed Night-Heron "Gorsachius leuconotus"
*Dwarf Bittern "Ixobrychus sturmii"
*Great Bittern "Botaurus stellaris"

Hammerkop

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Scopidae

The Hammerkop is a medium-sized bird with a long shaggy crest. The shape of its head with a curved bill and crest at the back is reminiscent of a hammer, hence its name. Its plumage is a drab brown all over.

*Hamerkop "Scopus umbretta"

torks

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute; bill-clattering is an important mode of stork communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory. There are 19 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Uganda.

*Yellow-billed Stork "Mycteria ibis"
*African Openbill "Anastomus lamelligerus"
*Black Stork "Ciconia nigra"
*Abdim's Stork "Ciconia abdimii"
*Woolly-necked Stork "Ciconia episcopus"
*White Stork "Ciconia ciconia"
*Saddle-billed Stork "Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis"
*Marabou Stork "Leptoptilos crumeniferus"

hoebill

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Balaenicipididae

The Shoebill is a large bird related to the storks. It derives its name from its massive shoe-shaped bill.

*Shoebill "Balaeniceps rex"

Ibises and Spoonbills

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Threskiornithidae

The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers. There are 36 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Uganda.

*Sacred Ibis "Threskiornis aethiopicus"
*Olive Ibis "Bostrychia olivacea"
*Spot-breasted Ibis "Bostrychia rara"
*Hadada Ibis "Bostrychia hagedash"
*Glossy Ibis "Plegadis falcinellus"
*Eurasian Spoonbill "Platalea leucorodia"
*African Spoonbill "Platalea alba"

Flamingos

Order: PhoenicopteriformesFamily: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet high, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. They are more numerous in the latter. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly-shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume, and are uniquely used upside-down. There are 6 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Uganda.

*Greater Flamingo "Phoenicopterus roseus"
*Lesser Flamingo "Phoenicopterus minor"

Ducks, Geese and Swans

Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating. There are 131 species worldwide and 23 species which occur in Uganda.

*Fulvous Whistling-Duck "Dendrocygna bicolor"
*White-faced Whistling-Duck "Dendrocygna viduata"
*White-backed Duck "Thalassornis leuconotus"
*Egyptian Goose "Alopochen aegyptiacus"
*Spur-winged Goose "Plectropterus gambensis"
*Comb Duck "Sarkidiornis melanotos"
*Hartlaub's Duck "Pteronetta hartlaubii"
*African Pygmy-goose "Nettapus auritus"
*African Black Duck "Anas sparsa"
*Eurasian Wigeon "Anas penelope"
*Eurasian Teal "Anas crecca"
*Cape Teal "Anas capensis"
*Yellow-billed Duck "Anas undulata"
*Northern Pintail "Anas acuta"
*Red-billed Duck "Anas erythrorhyncha"
*Hottentot Teal "Anas hottentota"
*Garganey "Anas querquedula"
*Northern Shoveler "Anas clypeata"
*Southern Pochard "Netta erythrophthalma"
*Common Pochard "Aythya ferina"
*Ferruginous Pochard "Aythya nyroca"
*Tufted Duck "Aythya fuligula" (A)
*Maccoa Duck "Oxyura maccoa"

Osprey

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Pandionidae

The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the Osprey. The Osprey is a medium large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

*Osprey "Pandion haliaetus"

Hawks, Kites and Eagles

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. There are 233 species worldwide and 60 species which occur in Uganda.

*African Cuckoo-Hawk "Aviceda cuculoides"
*European Honey-buzzard "Pernis apivorus"
*Bat Hawk "Macheiramphus alcinus"
*Black-shouldered Kite "Elanus caeruleus"
*Scissor-tailed Kite "Chelictinia riocourii"
*Red Kite "Milvus milvus"
*Black Kite "Milvus migrans"
*African Fish-Eagle "Haliaeetus vocifer"
*Palm-nut Vulture "Gypohierax angolensis"
*Hooded Vulture "Necrosyrtes monachus"
*Lammergeier "Gypaetus barbatus"
*Egyptian Vulture "Neophron percnopterus"
*White-backed Vulture "Gyps africanus"
*Rueppell's Griffon "Gyps rueppellii"
*Lappet-faced Vulture "Torgos tracheliotus"
*White-headed Vulture "Trigonoceps occipitalis"
*Beaudouin's Snake-Eagle "Circaetus beaudouini"
*Black-breasted Snake-Eagle "Circaetus pectoralis"
*Brown Snake-Eagle "Circaetus cinereus"
*Banded Snake-Eagle "Circaetus cinerascens"
*Bateleur "Terathopius ecaudatus"
*Congo Serpent-Eagle "Dryotriorchis spectabilis"
*Western Marsh-Harrier "Circus aeruginosus"
*African Marsh-Harrier "Circus ranivorus"
*Pallid Harrier "Circus macrourus"
*Montagu's Harrier "Circus pygargus"
*African Harrier-Hawk "Polyboroides typus"
*Lizard Buzzard "Kaupifalco monogrammicus"
*Dark Chanting-Goshawk "Melierax metabates"
*Eastern Chanting-Goshawk "Melierax poliopterus"
*Gabar Goshawk "Micronisus gabar"
*Red-chested Goshawk "Accipiter toussenelii"
*Chestnut-flanked Sparrowhawk "Accipiter castanilius"
*Shikra "Accipiter badius"
*Levant Sparrowhawk "Accipiter brevipes"
*Red-thighed Sparrowhawk "Accipiter erythropus"
*Little Sparrowhawk "Accipiter minullus"
*Ovampo Sparrowhawk "Accipiter ovampensis"
*Rufous-chested Sparrowhawk "Accipiter rufiventris"
*Black Goshawk "Accipiter melanoleucus"
*Long-tailed Hawk "Urotriorchis macrourus"
*Grasshopper Buzzard "Butastur rufipennis"
*Eurasian Buzzard "Buteo buteo"
*Mountain Buzzard "Buteo oreophilus"
*Long-legged Buzzard "Buteo rufinus"
*Red-necked Buzzard "Buteo auguralis"
*Augur Buzzard "Buteo augur"
*Lesser Spotted Eagle "Aquila pomarina"
*Greater Spotted Eagle "Aquila clanga"
*Tawny Eagle "Aquila rapax"
*Steppe Eagle "Aquila nipalensis"
*Wahlberg's Eagle "Aquila wahlbergi"
*Verreaux's Eagle "Aquila verreauxii"
*African Hawk-Eagle "Aquila spilogaster"
*Booted Eagle "Aquila pennatus"
*Ayres's Hawk-Eagle "Aquila ayresii"
*Martial Eagle "Polemaetus bellicosus"
*Long-crested Eagle "Lophaetus occipitalis"
*Cassin's Hawk-Eagle "Spizaetus africanus"
*Crowned Hawk-Eagle "Stephanoaetus coronatus"

ecretary-bird

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Sagittariidae

The Secretary-bird is a bird of prey in the order Falconiformes but is easily distinguished from other raptors by it long crane-like legs.

*Secretary-bird "Sagittarius serpentarius"

Caracaras and Falcons

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Uganda.

*Pygmy Falcon "Polihierax semitorquatus"
*Lesser Kestrel "Falco naumanni"
*Eurasian Kestrel "Falco tinnunculus"
*Greater Kestrel "Falco rupicoloides"
*Fox Kestrel "Falco alopex"
*Gray Kestrel "Falco ardosiaceus"
*Red-necked Falcon "Falco chicquera"
*Red-footed Falcon "Falco vespertinus"
*Amur Falcon "Falco amurensis"
*Eleonora's Falcon "Falco eleonorae"
*Sooty Falcon "Falco concolor"
*Eurasian Hobby "Falco subbuteo"
*African Hobby "Falco cuvierii"
*Lanner Falcon "Falco biarmicus"
*Taita Falcon "Falco fasciinucha"
*Peregrine Falcon "Falco peregrinus"

Pheasants and Partridges

Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae

The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists of quails, partridges, snowcocks, francolins, spurfowls, tragopans, monals, pheasants, peafowls and jungle fowls. In general, they are plump (although they may vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings. There are 156 species worldwide and 21 species which occur in Uganda.

*Coqui Francolin "Francolinus coqui"
*Forest Francolin "Francolinus lathami"
*Crested Francolin "Francolinus sephaena"
*Ring-necked Francolin "Francolinus streptophorus"
*Red-winged Francolin "Francolinus levaillantii"
*Moorland Francolin "Francolinus psilolaemus"
*Shelley's Francolin "Francolinus shelleyi"
*Orange River Francolin "Francolinus levaillantoides"
*Scaly Francolin "Francolinus squamatus"
*Nahan's Francolin "Francolinus nahani"
*Heuglin's Francolin "Francolinus icterorhynchus"
*Clapperton's Francolin "Francolinus clappertoni"
*Hildebrandt's Francolin "Francolinus hildebrandti"
*Yellow-necked Francolin "Francolinus leucoscepus"
*Red-necked Francolin "Francolinus afer"
*Jackson's Francolin "Francolinus jacksoni"
*Handsome Francolin "Francolinus nobilis"
*Common Quail "Coturnix coturnix"
*Harlequin Quail "Coturnix delegorguei"
*Blue Quail "Coturnix adansonii"
*Stone Partridge "Ptilopachus petrosus"

Guineafowl

Order: GalliformesFamily: Numididae

Guineafowl are a group of African, seed-eating, ground-nesting birds that resemble partridges, but with featherless heads and spangled grey plumage. There are 6 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Uganda.

*Helmeted Guineafowl "Numida meleagris"
*Crested Guineafowl "Guttera pucherani"
*Vulturine Guineafowl "Acryllium vulturinum"

Buttonquails

Order: GruiformesFamily: Turnicidae

The buttonquails are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes, and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young. There are 16 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Uganda.

*Small Buttonquail "Turnix sylvatica"
*Hottentot Buttonquail "Turnix hottentotta"
*Quail-plover "Ortyxelos meiffrenii"

Cranes

Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". There are 15 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Uganda.

*Gray Crowned-Crane "Balearica regulorum"
*Black Crowned-Crane "Balearica pavonina"

Rails, Crakes, Gallinules, and Coots

Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species worldwide and 19 species which occur in Uganda.

*White-spotted Flufftail "Sarothrura pulchra"
*Buff-spotted Flufftail "Sarothrura elegans"
*Red-chested Flufftail "Sarothrura rufa"
*Streaky-breasted Flufftail "Sarothrura boehmi"
*Nkulengu Rail "Himantornis haematopus"
*Gray-throated Rail "Canirallus oculeus"
*African Rail "Rallus caerulescens"
*African Crake "Crecopsis egregia"
*Corn Crake "Crex crex"
*Black Crake "Amaurornis flavirostris"
*Little Crake "Porzana parva"
*Baillon's Crake "Porzana pusilla"
*Spotted Crake "Porzana porzana"
*Striped Crake "Aenigmatolimnas marginalis"
*Purple Swamphen "Porphyrio porphyrio"
*Allen's Gallinule "Porphyrio alleni"
*Common Moorhen "Gallinula chloropus"
*Lesser Moorhen "Gallinula angulata"
*Red-knobbed Coot "Fulica cristata"

ungrebe and Finfoots

Order: GruiformesFamily: Heliornithidae

The Heliornithidae are small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Uganda.

*African Finfoot "Podica senegalensis"

Bustards

Order: GruiformesFamily: Otididae

Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips, and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays. There are 26 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Uganda.

*Kori Bustard "Ardeotis kori"
*Stanley Bustard "Neotis denhami"
*White-bellied Bustard "Eupodotis senegalensis"
*Buff-crested Bustard "Eupodotis gindiana"
*Black-bellied Bustard "Lissotis melanogaster"
*Hartlaub's Bustard "Lissotis hartlaubii"

Jacanas

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Jacanidae

The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide in the Tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. There 8 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Uganda.

*Lesser Jacana "Microparra capensis"
*African Jacana "Actophilornis africanus"

Painted snipe

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Rostratulidae

Painted snipe are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Uganda.

*Greater Painted-snipe "Rostratula benghalensis"

Oystercatchers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. There are 11 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Uganda.

*Eurasian Oystercatcher "Haematopus ostralegus"

Avocets and Stilts

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Uganda.

*Black-winged Stilt "Himantopus himantopus"
*Pied Avocet "Recurvirostra avosetta"

Thick-knees

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. There are 9 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Uganda.

*Water Thick-knee "Burhinus vermiculatus"
*Eurasian Thick-knee "Burhinus oedicnemus"
*Senegal Thick-knee "Burhinus senegalensis"
*Spotted Thick-knee "Burhinus capensis"

Pratincoles and Coursers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long pointed bills which curve downwards. There are 17 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Uganda.

*Egyptian Plover "Pluvianus aegyptius"
*Temminck's Courser "Cursorius temminckii"
*Three-banded Courser "Rhinoptilus cinctus"
*Bronze-winged Courser "Rhinoptilus chalcopterus"
*Collared Pratincole "Glareola pratincola"
*Black-winged Pratincole "Glareola nordmanni"
*Madagascar Pratincole "Glareola ocularis" (A)
*Rock Pratincole "Glareola nuchalis"

Plovers and Lapwings

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in Uganda.

*Long-toed Lapwing "Vanellus crassirostris"
*Spur-winged Plover "Vanellus spinosus"
*Black-headed Lapwing "Vanellus tectus"
*Senegal Lapwing "Vanellus lugubris"
*Crowned Lapwing "Vanellus coronatus"
*Wattled Lapwing "Vanellus senegallus"
*Brown-chested Lapwing "Vanellus superciliosus"
*Black-bellied Plover "Pluvialis squatarola"
*Common Ringed Plover "Charadrius hiaticula"
*Little Ringed Plover "Charadrius dubius"
*Kittlitz's Plover "Charadrius pecuarius"
*Three-banded Plover "Charadrius tricollaris"
*Forbes's Plover "Charadrius forbesi"
*White-fronted Plover "Charadrius marginatus"
*Snowy Plover "Charadrius alexandrinus"
*Lesser Sandplover "Charadrius mongolus"
*Greater Sandplover "Charadrius leschenaultii"
*Caspian Plover "Charadrius asiaticus"

andpipers and allies

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae

The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 89 species worldwide and 25 species which occur in Uganda.

*Jack Snipe "Lymnocryptes minimus"
*African Snipe "Gallinago nigripennis"
*Great Snipe "Gallinago media"
*Common Snipe "Gallinago gallinago"
*Black-tailed Godwit "Limosa limosa"
*Whimbrel "Numenius phaeopus"
*Eurasian Curlew "Numenius arquata"
*Spotted Redshank "Tringa erythropus"
*Common Redshank "Tringa totanus"
*Marsh Sandpiper "Tringa stagnatilis"
*Common Greenshank "Tringa nebularia"
*Lesser Yellowlegs "Tringa flavipes" (A)
*Green Sandpiper "Tringa ochropus"
*Wood Sandpiper "Tringa glareola"
*Terek Sandpiper "Xenus cinereus"
*Common Sandpiper "Actitis hypoleucos"
*Ruddy Turnstone "Arenaria interpres"
*Sanderling "Calidris alba"
*Little Stint "Calidris minuta"
*Temminck's Stint "Calidris temminckii"
*Curlew Sandpiper "Calidris ferruginea"
*Dunlin "Calidris alpina"
*Broad-billed Sandpiper "Limicola falcinellus"
*Ruff "Philomachus pugnax"
*Red-necked Phalarope "Phalaropus lobatus"

Gulls

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes gulls and kittiwakes. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. There are 55 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Uganda.

*Herring Gull "Larus argentatus"
*Lesser Black-backed Gull "Larus fuscus"
*Caspian Gull "Larus cachinnans"
*Great Black-headed Gull "Larus ichthyaetus"
*Gray-headed Gull "Larus cirrocephalus"
*Black-headed Gull "Larus ridibundus"

Terns

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Sternidae

Terns are a group of generally general medium to large sea-birds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species now known to live in excess of 25 to 30 years. There are 44 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Uganda.

*Gull-billed Tern "Sterna nilotica"
*Caspian Tern "Sterna caspia"
*Lesser Crested Tern "Sterna bengalensis"
*Common Tern "Sterna hirundo"
*Whiskered Tern "Chlidonias hybridus"
*White-winged Tern "Chlidonias leucopterus"
*Black Tern "Chlidonias niger"

kimmers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Rynchopidae

Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Uganda.

*African Skimmer "Rynchops flavirostris"

andgrouse

Order: PterocliformesFamily: Pteroclidae

Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes. There are 16 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Uganda.

*Black-faced Sandgrouse "Pterocles decoratus"
*Lichtenstein's Sandgrouse "Pterocles lichtensteinii"
*Four-banded Sandgrouse "Pterocles quadricinctus"

Pigeons and Doves

Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species worldwide and 22 species which occur in Uganda.

*Rock Pigeon "Columba livia"
*Speckled Pigeon "Columba guinea"
*Afep Pigeon "Columba unicincta"
*Rameron Pigeon "Columba arquatrix"
*White-naped Pigeon "Columba albinucha"
*Delegorgue's Pigeon "Columba delegorguei"
*Bronze-naped Pigeon "Columba iriditorques"
*Lemon Dove "Columba larvata"
*Turtle Dove "Streptopelia turtur"
*Dusky Turtle Dove "Streptopelia lugens"
*African Mourning Dove "Streptopelia decipiens"
*Red-eyed Dove "Streptopelia semitorquata"
*Ring-necked Dove "Streptopelia capicola"
*Vinaceous Dove "Streptopelia vinacea"
*Laughing Dove "Streptopelia senegalensis"
*Emerald-spotted Wood Dove "Turtur chalcospilos"
*Black-billed Wood Dove "Turtur abyssinicus"
*Blue-spotted Wood Dove "Turtur afer"
*Tambourine Dove "Turtur tympanistria"
*Namaqua Dove "Oena capensis"
*Bruce's Green Pigeon "Treron waalia"
*African Green Pigeon "Treron calva"

Parrots, Macaws and allies

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Psittacidae

Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and the have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back. There are 335 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Uganda.

*Rose-ringed Parakeet "Psittacula krameri"
*Red-headed Lovebird "Agapornis pullarius"
*Black-collared Lovebird "Agapornis swinderniana"
*African Grey Parrot "Psittacus erithacus"
*Brown-necked Parrot "Poicephalus robustus"
*Red-fronted Parrot "Poicephalus gulielmi"
*Meyer's Parrot "Poicephalus meyeri"

Turacos

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Musophagidae

The turacos, plantain eaters and go-away birds make up the bird family Musophagidae. They are medium-sized arboreal birds. The turacos and plantain eaters are brightly coloured birds, usually blue, green or purple. The go-away birds are mostly grey and white. There are 23 species worldwide and 10 species which occur in Uganda.

*Great Blue Turaco "Corythaeola cristata"
*Black-billed Turaco "Tauraco schuettii"
*White-crested Turaco "Tauraco leucolophus"
*Hartlaub's Turaco "Tauraco hartlaubi"
*Purple-crested Turaco "Tauraco porphyreolophus"
*Ruwenzori Turaco "Ruwenzorornis johnstoni"
*Ross's Turaco "Musophaga rossae"
*Bare-faced Go-away-bird "Corythaixoides personatus"
*White-bellied Go-away-bird "Corythaixoides leucogaster"
*Eastern Plantain-eater "Crinifer zonurus"

Cuckoos and Anis

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Unlike the cuckoo species of the Old World, North American cuckoos are not brood parasites. There are 138 species worldwide and 22 species which occur in Uganda.

*Pied Cuckoo "Clamator jacobinus"
*Levaillant's Cuckoo "Clamator levaillantii"
*Great Spotted Cuckoo "Clamator glandarius"
*Thick-billed Cuckoo "Pachycoccyx audeberti"
*Red-chested Cuckoo "Cuculus solitarius"
*Black Cuckoo "Cuculus clamosus"
*Common Cuckoo "Cuculus canorus"
*African Cuckoo "Cuculus gularis"
*Lesser Cuckoo "Cuculus poliocephalus"
*Madagascar Cuckoo "Cuculus rochii"
*Dusky Long-tailed Cuckoo "Cercococcyx mechowi"
*Olive Long-tailed Cuckoo "Cercococcyx olivinus"
*Barred Long-tailed Cuckoo "Cercococcyx montanus"
*Yellow-throated Cuckoo "Chrysococcyx flavigularis"
*Klaas's Cuckoo "Chrysococcyx klaas"
*African Emerald Cuckoo "Chrysococcyx cupreus"
*Dideric Cuckoo "Chrysococcyx caprius"
*Yellowbill "Ceuthmochares aereus"
*Black Coucal "Centropus grillii"
*Blue-headed Coucal "Centropus monachus"
*Senegal Coucal "Centropus senegalensis"
*White-browed Coucal "Centropus superciliosus"

Barn owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are 16 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Uganda.

*African Grass-Owl "Tyto capensis"
*Barn Owl "Tyto alba"

Typical owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae

Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Uganda.

*African Scops-Owl "Otus senegalensis"
*Southern White-faced Owl "Ptilopsis granti"
*Cape Eagle-Owl "Bubo capensis"
*Spotted Eagle-Owl "Bubo africanus"
*Grayish Eagle-Owl "Bubo cinerascens"
*Fraser's Eagle-Owl "Bubo poensis"
*Shelley's Eagle-Owl "Bubo shelleyi"
*Verreaux's Eagle-Owl "Bubo lacteus"
*Pel's Fishing-Owl "Scotopelia peli"
*African Wood-Owl "Strix woodfordii"
*Pearl-spotted Owlet "Glaucidium perlatum"
*Red-chested Owlet "Glaucidium tephronotum"
*African Barred Owlet "Glaucidium capense"
*Chestnut Owlet "Glaucidium castaneum"
*African Long-eared Owl "Asio abyssinicus"
*Short-eared Owl "Asio flammeus"
*Marsh Owl "Asio capensis"

Nightjars

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Uganda.

*Eurasian Nightjar "Caprimulgus europaeus"
*Sombre Nightjar "Caprimulgus fraenatus"
*Black-shouldered Nightjar "Caprimulgus nigriscapularis"
*Fiery-necked Nightjar "Caprimulgus pectoralis"
*Abyssinian Nightjar "Caprimulgus poliocephalus"
*Montane Nightjar "Caprimulgus ruwenzorii"
*Swamp Nightjar "Caprimulgus natalensis"
*Plain Nightjar "Caprimulgus inornatus"
*Star-spotted Nightjar "Caprimulgus stellatus"
*Freckled Nightjar "Caprimulgus tristigma"
*Bates's Nightjar "Caprimulgus batesi"
*Long-tailed Nightjar "Caprimulgus climacurus"
*Slender-tailed Nightjar "Caprimulgus clarus"
*Square-tailed Nightjar "Caprimulgus fossii"
*Pennant-winged Nightjar "Macrodipteryx vexillarius"
*Standard-winged Nightjar "Macrodipteryx longipennis"

wifts

Order: ApodiformesFamily: Apodidae

Swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in Uganda.

*Scarce Swift "Schoutedenapus myoptilus"
*Mottled Spinetail "Telacanthura ussheri"
*Sabine's Spinetail "Rhaphidura sabini"
*Cassin's Spinetail "Neafrapus cassini"
*African Palm-Swift "Cypsiurus parvus"
*Alpine Swift "Tachymarptis melba"
*Mottled Swift "Tachymarptis aequatorialis"
*Common Swift "Apus apus"
*Nyanza Swift "Apus niansae"
*Pallid Swift "Apus pallidus"
*African Swift "Apus barbatus"
*Little Swift "Apus affinis"
*Horus Swift "Apus horus"
*White-rumped Swift "Apus caffer"

Mousebirds

Order: ColiiformesFamily: Coliidae

The mousebirds are slender greyish or brown birds with soft, hairlike body feathers and very long thin tails. They are arboreal and scurry through the leaves like rodents in search of berries, fruit and buds. They are acrobatic, and can feed upside down. All species have strong claws and reversible outer toes. They also have crests and stubby bills. There are 6 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Uganda.

*Speckled Mousebird "Colius striatus"
*Blue-naped Mousebird "Urocolius macrourus"

Trogons and Quetzals

Order: TrogoniformesFamily: Trogonidae

The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. There are 33 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Uganda.

*Narina Trogon "Apaloderma narina"
*Bar-tailed Trogon "Apaloderma vittatum"

Kingfishers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 93 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Uganda.

*Half-collared Kingfisher "Alcedo semitorquata"
*Shining-blue Kingfisher "Alcedo quadribrachys"
*Malachite Kingfisher "Alcedo cristata"
*White-bellied Kingfisher "Alcedo leucogaster"
*African Pygmy-Kingfisher "Ispidina picta"
*Dwarf Kingfisher "Ispidina lecontei"
*Chocolate-backed Kingfisher "Halcyon badia"
*Gray-headed Kingfisher "Halcyon leucocephala"
*Woodland Kingfisher "Halcyon senegalensis"
*Blue-breasted Kingfisher "Halcyon malimbica"
*Striped Kingfisher "Halcyon chelicuti"
*Giant Kingfisher "Megaceryle maximus"
*Pied Kingfisher "Ceryle rudis"

Bee-eaters

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colorful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar. There are 26 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Uganda.

*Black Bee-eater "Merops gularis"
*Red-throated Bee-eater "Merops bulocki"
*White-fronted Bee-eater "Merops bullockoides"
*Little Bee-eater "Merops pusillus"
*Blue-breasted Bee-eater "Merops variegatus"
*Cinnamon-chested Bee-eater "Merops oreobates"
*Swallow-tailed Bee-eater "Merops hirundineus"
*White-throated Bee-eater "Merops albicollis"
*Green Bee-eater "Merops orientalis"
*Blue-cheeked Bee-eater "Merops persicus"
*Madagascar Bee-eater "Merops superciliosus"
*European Bee-eater "Merops apiaster"
*Northern Carmine Bee-eater "Merops nubicus"

Typical Rollers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not. There are 12 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Uganda.

*European Roller "Coracias garrulus"
*Abyssinian Roller "Coracias abyssinica"
*Lilac-breasted Roller "Coracias caudata"
*Rufous-crowned Roller "Coracias naevia"
*Broad-billed Roller "Eurystomus glaucurus"
*Blue-throated Roller "Eurystomus gularis"

Hoopoes

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Upupidae

Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Uganda.

*Hoopoe "Upupa epops"

Woodhoopoes

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Phoeniculidae

The woodhoopoes are related to the kingfishers, rollers and hoopoe. They most resemble the last species with their long curved bills, used for probing for insects, and short rounded wings. However, they differ in that they have metallic plumage, often blue, green or purple, and lack an erectile crest. There are 8 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Uganda.

*Green Woodhoopoe "Phoeniculus purpureus"
*White-headed Woodhoopoe "Phoeniculus bollei"
*Forest Woodhoopoe "Phoeniculus castaneiceps"
*Black Scimitar-bill "Rhinopomastus aterrimus"
*Common Scimitar-bill "Rhinopomastus cyanomelas"
*Abyssinian Scimitar-bill "Rhinopomastus minor"

Hornbills

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Bucerotidae

Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured. There are 57 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Uganda.

*White-crested Hornbill "Tockus albocristatus"
*Black Dwarf Hornbill "Tockus hartlaubi"
*Red-billed Dwarf Hornbill "Tockus camurus"
*Red-billed Hornbill "Tockus erythrorhynchus"
*Eastern Yellow-billed Hornbill "Tockus flavirostris"
*Jackson's Hornbill "Tockus jacksoni"
*Crowned Hornbill "Tockus alboterminatus"
*African Pied Hornbill "Tockus fasciatus"
*Hemprich's Hornbill "Tockus hemprichii"
*African Gray Hornbill "Tockus nasutus"
*Piping Hornbill "Ceratogymna fistulator"
*Black-and-white-casqued Hornbill "Ceratogymna subcylindricus"
*Brown-cheeked Hornbill "Ceratogymna cylindricus"
*White-thighed Hornbill "Ceratogymna albotibialis"
*Black-casqued Hornbill "Ceratogymna atrata"
*Abyssinian Ground-Hornbill "Bucorvus abyssinicus"
*Southern Ground-Hornbill "Bucorvus leadbeateri"

Barbets

Order: PiciformesFamily: Capitonidae

The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured. There are 84 species worldwide and 24 species which occur in Uganda.

*Gray-throated Barbet "Gymnobucco bonapartei"
*Speckled Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus scolopaceus"
*Western Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus coryphaeus"
*Moustached Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus leucomystax"
*Green Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus simplex"
*Red-rumped Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus atroflavus"
*Yellow-throated Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus subsulphureus"
*Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus bilineatus"
*Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus chrysoconus"
*Red-fronted Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus pusillus"
*Yellow-spotted Barbet "Buccanodon duchaillui"
*Hairy-breasted Barbet "Tricholaema hirsuta"
*Red-fronted Barbet "Tricholaema diademata"
*Spot-flanked Barbet "Tricholaema lachrymosa"
*White-headed Barbet "Lybius leucocephalus"
*Red-faced Barbet "Lybius rubrifacies"
*Black-billed Barbet "Lybius guifsobalito"
*Black-collared Barbet "Lybius torquatus"
*Double-toothed Barbet "Lybius bidentatus"
*Black-breasted Barbet "Lybius rolleti"
*Yellow-billed Barbet "Trachyphonus purpuratus"
*Crested Barbet "Trachyphonus vaillantii"
*Red-and-yellow Barbet "Trachyphonus erythrocephalus"
*D'Arnaud's Barbet "Trachyphonus darnaudii"

Honeyguides

Order: PiciformesFamily: Indicatoridae

Honeyguides are among the few birds that feed on wax. They are named for the behaviour of the Greater Honeyguide which leads large animals to bees' nests and then feeds on the wax once the animal has broken the nest open to get at the honey. There are 17 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Uganda.

*Spotted Honeyguide "Indicator maculatus"
*Scaly-throated Honeyguide "Indicator variegatus"
*Greater Honeyguide "Indicator indicator"
*Lesser Honeyguide "Indicator minor"
*Thick-billed Honeyguide "Indicator conirostris"
*Willcock's Honeyguide "Indicator willcocksi"
*Least Honeyguide "Indicator exilis"
*Dwarf Honeyguide "Indicator pumilio"
*Pallid Honeyguide "Indicator meliphilus"
*Lyre-tailed Honeyguide "Melichneutes robustus"
*Zenker's Honeyguide "Melignomon zenkeri"
*Cassin's Honeyguide "Prodotiscus insignis"
*Wahlberg's Honeyguide "Prodotiscus regulus"

Woodpeckers and allies

Order: PiciformesFamily: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are 218 species worldwide and 19 species which occur in Uganda.

*Eurasian Wryneck "Jynx torquilla"
*Rufous-necked Wryneck "Jynx ruficollis"
*African Piculet "Sasia africana"
*Nubian Woodpecker "Campethera nubica"
*Bennett's Woodpecker "Campethera bennettii"
*Golden-tailed Woodpecker "Campethera abingoni"
*Green-backed Woodpecker "Campethera cailliautii"
*Tullberg's Woodpecker "Campethera tullbergi"
*Buff-spotted Woodpecker "Campethera nivosa"
*Brown-eared Woodpecker "Campethera caroli"
*Speckle-breasted Woodpecker "Dendropicos poecilolaemus"
*Cardinal Woodpecker "Dendropicos fuscescens"
*Gabon Woodpecker "Dendropicos gabonensis"
*Bearded Woodpecker "Dendropicos namaquus"
*Golden-crowned Woodpecker "Dendropicos xantholophus"
*Elliot's Woodpecker "Dendropicos elliotii"
*Gray Woodpecker "Dendropicos goertae"
*Olive Woodpecker "Dendropicos griseocephalus"
*Brown-backed Woodpecker "Dendropicos obsoletus"

Broadbills

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Eurylaimidae

The broadbills are small, brightly coloured birds that feed on fruit and also take insects in flycatcher fashion, snapping their broad bills. Their habitat is canopies of wet forests. There are 15 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Uganda.

*African Broadbill "Smithornis capensis"
*Rufous-sided Broadbill "Smithornis rufolateralis"
*Grauer's Broadbill "Pseudocalyptomena graueri"

Pittas

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pittidae

Pittas are medium-sized by passerine standards, and stocky, with fairly long, strong legs, short tails and stout bills. Many, but not all, are brightly coloured. They are spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects and similar invertebrate prey which they find there. There are 32 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Uganda.

*African Pitta "Pitta angolensis"
*Green-breasted Pitta "Pitta reichenowi"

Larks

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds. There are 91 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Uganda.

*Singing Bushlark "Mirafra cantillans"
*White-tailed Lark "Mirafra albicauda"
*Red-winged Lark "Mirafra hypermetra"
*Rufous-naped Lark "Mirafra africana"
*Flappet Lark "Mirafra rufocinnamomea"
*Pink-breasted Lark "Calendulauda poecilosterna"
*Fawn-colored Lark "Calendulauda africanoides"
*Foxy Lark "Calendulauda alopex"
*Rufous-rumped Lark "Pinarocorys erythropygia"
*Chestnut-backed Sparrow-Lark "Eremopterix leucotis"
*Fischer's Sparrow-Lark "Eremopterix leucopareia"
*Red-capped Lark "Calandrella cinerea"
*Sun Lark "Galerida modesta"

wallows and Martins

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae

The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. There are 75 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in Uganda.

*Sand Martin "Riparia riparia"
*Plain Martin "Riparia paludicola"
*Banded Martin "Riparia cincta"
*Grey-rumped Swallow "Pseudhirundo griseopyga"
*Rock Martin "Ptyonoprogne fuligula"
*Barn Swallow "Hirundo rustica"
*Ethiopian Swallow "Hirundo aethiopica"
*Angola Swallow "Hirundo angolensis"
*Wire-tailed Swallow "Hirundo smithii"
*White-throated Blue Swallow "Hirundo nigrita"
*Blue Swallow "Hirundo atrocaerulea"
*Lesser Striped Swallow "Cecropis abyssinica"
*Rufous-chested Swallow "Cecropis semirufa"
*Mosque Swallow "Cecropis senegalensis"
*Red-rumped Swallow "Cecropis daurica"
*House Martin "Delichon urbica"
*White-headed Sawwing "Psalidoprocne albiceps"
*Blue Sawwing "Psalidoprocne pristoptera"

Wagtails and Pipits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae

The Motacillidae are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country. There are 54 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Uganda.

*White Wagtail "Motacilla alba"
*African Pied Wagtail "Motacilla aguimp"
*Cape Wagtail "Motacilla capensis"
*Yellow Wagtail "Motacilla flava"
*Grey Wagtail "Motacilla cinerea"
*Mountain Wagtail "Motacilla clara"
*Golden Pipit "Tmetothylacus tenellus"
*Yellow-throated Longclaw "Macronyx croceus"
*Jackson's Pipit "Anthus latistriatus"
*Plain-backed Pipit "Anthus leucophrys"
*African Pipit "Anthus cinnamomeus"
*Tawny Pipit "Anthus campestris"
*Long-billed Pipit "Anthus similis"
*Short-tailed Pipit "Anthus brachyurus"
*Tree Pipit "Anthus trivialis"
*Red-throated Pipit "Anthus cervinus"

Cuckoo-shrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Campephagidae

The cuckoo-shrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured. There are 82 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Uganda.

*White-breasted Cuckoo-shrike "Coracina pectoralis"
*Blue Cuckoo-shrike "Coracina azurea"
*Gray Cuckoo-shrike "Coracina caesia"
*Grauer's Cuckoo-shrike "Coracina graueri"
*Petit's Cuckoo-shrike "Campephaga petiti"
*Black Cuckoo-shrike "Campephaga flava"
*Red-shouldered Cuckoo-shrike "Campephaga phoenicea"
*Purple-throated Cuckoo-shrike "Campephaga quiscalina"

Bulbuls

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pycnonotidae

Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throat or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests. There are 130 species worldwide and 30 species which occur in Uganda.

*Common Bulbul "Pycnonotus barbatus"
*Shelley's Greenbul "Andropadus masukuensis"
*Little Greenbul "Andropadus virens"
*Gray Greenbul "Andropadus gracilis"
*Ansorge's Greenbul "Andropadus ansorgei"
*Plain Greenbul "Andropadus curvirostris"
*Slender-billed Greenbul "Andropadus gracilirostris"
*Yellow-whiskered Bulbul "Andropadus latirostris"
*Eastern Mountain-Greenbul "Andropadus nigriceps"
*Honeyguide Greenbul "Baeopogon indicator"
*Spotted Greenbul "Ixonotus guttatus"
*Simple Greenbul "Chlorocichla simplex"
*Yellow-throated Greenbul "Chlorocichla flavicollis"
*Joyful Greenbul "Chlorocichla laetissima"
*Swamp Greenbul "Thescelocichla leucopleura"
*Leaf-love "Phyllastrephus scandens"
*Cabanis's Greenbul "Phyllastrephus cabanisi"
*Northern Brownbul "Phyllastrephus strepitans"
*Toro Olive-Greenbul "Phyllastrephus hypochloris"
*Sassi's Greenbul "Phyllastrephus lorenzi"
*Yellow-streaked Bulbul "Phyllastrephus flavostriatus"
*White-throated Greenbul "Phyllastrephus albigularis"
*Icterine Greenbul "Phyllastrephus icterinus"
*Xavier's Greenbul "Phyllastrephus xavieri"
*Common Bristlebill "Bleda syndactyla"
*Green-tailed Bristlebill "Bleda eximia"
*Yellow-spotted Nicator "Nicator chloris"
*Yellow-throated Nicator "Nicator vireo"
*Red-tailed Greenbul "Criniger calurus"
*Eastern Bearded-Greenbul "Criniger chloronotus"

Thrushes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. There are 335 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Uganda.

*Rufous Flycatcher-Thrush "Neocossyphus fraseri"
*Red-tailed Ant-Thrush "Neocossyphus rufus"
*White-tailed Ant-Thrush "Neocossyphus poensis"
*Miombo Rock-Thrush "Monticola angolensis"
*Rufous-tailed Rock-Thrush "Monticola saxatilis"
*Little Rock-Thrush "Monticola rufocinereus"
*Abyssinian Ground-Thrush "Zoothera piaggiae"
*Kivu Ground-Thrush "Zoothera tanganjicae"
*Black-eared Ground-Thrush "Zoothera cameronensis"
*Gray Ground-Thrush "Zoothera princei"
*Oberlaender's Ground-Thrush "Zoothera oberlaenderi"
*Olive Thrush "Turdus olivaceus"
*African Thrush "Turdus pelios"
*Brown-chested Alethe "Alethe poliocephala"
*Red-throated Alethe "Alethe poliophrys"
*Fire-crested Alethe "Alethe diademata"

Cisticolas and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cisticolidae

The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub. There are 111 species worldwide and 43 species which occur in Uganda.

*Red-faced Cisticola "Cisticola erythrops"
*Singing Cisticola "Cisticola cantans"
*Whistling Cisticola "Cisticola lateralis"
*Trilling Cisticola "Cisticola woosnami"
*Chubb's Cisticola "Cisticola chubbi"
*Hunter's Cisticola "Cisticola hunteri"
*Rock-loving Cisticola "Cisticola aberrans"
*Rattling Cisticola "Cisticola chiniana"
*Red-pate Cisticola "Cisticola ruficeps"
*Wailing Cisticola "Cisticola lais"
*Winding Cisticola "Cisticola galactotes"
*Carruthers's Cisticola "Cisticola carruthersi"
*Stout Cisticola "Cisticola robustus"
*Croaking Cisticola "Cisticola natalensis"
*Tabora Cisticola "Cisticola angusticaudus"
*Siffling Cisticola "Cisticola brachypterus"
*Foxy Cisticola "Cisticola troglodytes"
*Zitting Cisticola "Cisticola juncidis"
*Black-necked Cisticola "Cisticola eximius"
*Wing-snapping Cisticola "Cisticola ayresii"
*Tawny-flanked Prinia "Prinia subflava"
*Pale Prinia "Prinia somalica"
*White-chinned Prinia "Prinia leucopogon"
*Banded Prinia "Prinia bairdii"
*Red-winged Prinia "Prinia erythroptera"
*Red-winged Gray Warbler "Drymocichla incana"
*Black-collared Apalis "Apalis pulchra"
*Ruwenzori Apalis "Apalis ruwenzori"
*Black-capped Apalis "Apalis nigriceps"
*Black-throated Apalis "Apalis jacksoni"
*Masked Apalis "Apalis binotata"
*Black-faced Apalis "Apalis personata"
*Yellow-breasted Apalis "Apalis flavida"
*Buff-throated Apalis "Apalis rufogularis"
*Chestnut-throated Apalis "Apalis porphyrolaema"
*Gray Apalis "Apalis cinerea"
*Karamoja Apalis "Apalis karamojae"
*Red-fronted Warbler "Urorhipis rufifrons"
*Gray-capped Warbler "Eminia lepida"
*Green-backed Camaroptera "Camaroptera brachyura"
*Yellow-browed Camaroptera "Camaroptera superciliaris"
*Olive-green Camaroptera "Camaroptera chloronota"
*Gray Wren-Warbler "Calamonastes simplex"

Old World warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. The Sylviidae mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs. There are 291 species worldwide and 55 species which occur in Uganda.

*African Bush-Warbler "Bradypterus baboecala"
*White-winged Scrub-Warbler "Bradypterus carpalis"
*Grauer's Scrub-Warbler "Bradypterus graueri"
*Bamboo Scrub-Warbler "Bradypterus alfredi"
*Cameroon Scrub-Warbler "Bradypterus lopezi"
*Cinnamon Bracken-Warbler "Bradypterus cinnamomeus"
*Black-faced Rufous-Warbler "Bathmocercus rufus"
*Moustached Grass-Warbler "Melocichla mentalis"
*Eurasian River Warbler "Locustella fluviatilis"
*Sedge Warbler "Acrocephalus schoenobaenus"
*Eurasian Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus scirpaceus"
*African Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus baeticatus"
*Marsh Warbler "Acrocephalus palustris"
*Great Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus arundinaceus"
*Basra Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus griseldis"
*Greater Swamp-Warbler "Acrocephalus rufescens"
*Lesser Swamp-Warbler "Acrocephalus gracilirostris"
*Eastern Olivaceous Warbler "Hippolais pallida"
*Upcher's Warbler "Hippolais languida"
*Icterine Warbler "Hippolais icterina"
*African Yellow Warbler "Chloropeta natalensis"
*Mountain Yellow Warbler "Chloropeta similis"
*Papyrus Yellow Warbler "Chloropeta gracilirostris"
*Buff-bellied Warbler "Phyllolais pulchella"
*Grauer's Warbler "Graueria vittata"
*Yellow-vented Eremomela "Eremomela flavicrissalis"
*Yellow-bellied Eremomela "Eremomela icteropygialis"
*Senegal Eremomela "Eremomela pusilla"
*Green-backed Eremomela "Eremomela canescens"
*Greencap Eremomela "Eremomela scotops"
*Rufous-crowned Eremomela "Eremomela badiceps"
*Turner's Eremomela "Eremomela turneri"
*Green Crombec "Sylvietta virens"
*Lemon-bellied Crombec "Sylvietta denti"
*White-browed Crombec "Sylvietta leucophrys"
*Northern Crombec "Sylvietta brachyura"
*Red-faced Crombec "Sylvietta whytii"
*Neumann's Warbler "Hemitesia neumanni"
*Yellow Longbill "Macrosphenus flavicans"
*Gray Longbill "Macrosphenus concolor"
*Green Hylia "Hylia prasina"
*Red-faced Woodland-Warbler "Phylloscopus laetus"
*Uganda Wood-Warbler "Phylloscopus budongoensis"
*Brown Woodland-Warbler "Phylloscopus umbrovirens"
*Willow Warbler "Phylloscopus trochilus"
*Common Chiffchaff "Phylloscopus collybita"
*Wood Warbler "Phylloscopus sibilatrix"
*Yellow-bellied Hyliota "Hyliota flavigaster"
*Southern Hyliota "Hyliota australis"
*Fan-tailed Grassbird "Schoenicola brevirostris"
*Blackcap "Sylvia atricapilla"
*Garden Warbler "Sylvia borin"
*Greater Whitethroat "Sylvia communis"
*Barred Warbler "Sylvia nisoria"
*Brown Warbler "Parisoma lugens"

Old World flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is very varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls. There 274 species worldwide and 59 species which occur in Uganda.

*Silverbird "Empidornis semipartitus"
*Pale Flycatcher "Bradornis pallidus"
*African Gray Flycatcher "Bradornis microrhynchus"
*White-eyed Slaty-Flycatcher "Melaenornis fischeri"
*Northern Black-Flycatcher "Melaenornis edolioides"
*Southern Black-Flycatcher "Melaenornis pammelaina"
*Yellow-eyed Black-Flycatcher "Melaenornis ardesiacus"
*African Forest-Flycatcher "Fraseria ocreata"
*Spotted Flycatcher "Muscicapa striata"
*Gambaga Flycatcher "Muscicapa gambagae"
*Sooty Flycatcher "Muscicapa infuscata"
*Swamp Flycatcher "Muscicapa aquatica"
*Chapin's Flycatcher "Muscicapa lendu"
*African Dusky Flycatcher "Muscicapa adusta"
*Yellow-footed Flycatcher "Muscicapa sethsmithi"
*Dusky-blue Flycatcher "Muscicapa comitata"
*Cassin's Flycatcher "Muscicapa cassini"
*Ashy Flycatcher "Muscicapa caerulescens"
*Gray-throated Tit-Flycatcher "Myioparus griseigularis"
*Gray Tit-Flycatcher "Myioparus plumbeus"
*European Pied Flycatcher "Ficedula hypoleuca"
*Collared Flycatcher "Ficedula albicollis"
*Semicollared Flycatcher "Ficedula semitorquata"
*White-starred Robin "Pogonocichla stellata"
*Forest Robin "Stiphrornis erythrothorax"
*Lowland Akalat "Sheppardia cyornithopsis"
*Equatorial Akalat "Sheppardia aequatorialis"
*Thrush Nightingale "Luscinia luscinia"
*Common Nightingale "Luscinia megarhynchos"
*White-bellied Robin-Chat "Cossyphicula roberti"
*Archer's Robin-Chat "Cossypha archeri"
*Cape Robin-Chat "Cossypha caffra"
*Blue-shouldered Robin-Chat "Cossypha cyanocampter"
*Gray-winged Robin-Chat "Cossypha polioptera"
*White-browed Robin-Chat "Cossypha heuglini"
*Red-capped Robin-Chat "Cossypha natalensis"
*Snowy-crowned Robin-Chat "Cossypha niveicapilla"
*Collared Palm-Thrush "Cichladusa arquata"
*Spotted Morning-Thrush "Cichladusa guttata"
*Forest Scrub-Robin "Cercotrichas leucosticta"
*Brown-backed Scrub-Robin "Cercotrichas hartlaubi"
*Red-backed Scrub-Robin "Cercotrichas leucophrys"
*Rufous-tailed Scrub-Robin "Cercotrichas galactotes"
*Common Redstart "Phoenicurus phoenicurus"
*Whinchat "Saxicola rubetra"
*African Stonechat "Saxicola torquata"
*Northern Wheatear "Oenanthe oenanthe"
*Pied Wheatear "Oenanthe pleschanka"
*Desert Wheatear "Oenanthe deserti"
*Capped Wheatear "Oenanthe pileata"
*Isabelline Wheatear "Oenanthe isabellina"
*Heuglin's Wheatear "Oenanthe heuglini"
*Familiar Chat "Cercomela familiaris"
*Brown-tailed Chat "Cercomela scotocerca"
*Moorland Chat "Cercomela sordida"
*Sooty Chat "Myrmecocichla nigra"
*White-fronted Black-Chat "Myrmecocichla albifrons"
*White-headed Black-Chat "Myrmecocichla arnotti"
*Mocking Cliff-Chat "Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris"

Wattle-eyes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Platysteiridae

The wattle-eyes or puffback flycatchers are small stout passerine birds of the African tropics. They get their name from the brightly coloured fleshy eye decorations found in most species in this group. There are 31 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Uganda.

*African Shrike-flycatcher "Megabyas flammulatus"
*Black-and-white Shrike-flycatcher "Bias musicus"
*Brown-throated Wattle-eye "Platysteira cyanea"
*Black-throated Wattle-eye "Platysteira peltata"
*Chestnut Wattle-eye "Platysteira castanea"
*Jameson's Wattle-eye "Platysteira jamesoni"
*Yellow-bellied Wattle-eye "Platysteira concreta"
*Ruwenzori Batis "Batis diops"
*Chinspot Batis "Batis molitor"
*Gray-headed Batis "Batis orientalis"
*Black-headed Batis "Batis minor"
*Pygmy Batis "Batis perkeo"
*Ituri Batis "Batis ituriensis"

Monarch flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Monarchidae

The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines, which hunt by flycatching. There are 99 species worldwide and 10 species which occur in Uganda.

*Chestnut-capped Flycatcher "Erythrocercus mccallii"
*African Blue-Flycatcher "Elminia longicauda"
*White-tailed Blue-Flycatcher "Elminia albicauda"
*Dusky Crested-Flycatcher "Elminia nigromitrata"
*White-bellied Crested-Flycatcher "Elminia albiventris"
*White-tailed Crested-Flycatcher "Elminia albonotata"
*Blue-headed Crested-Flycatcher "Trochocercus nitens"
*African Crested-Flycatcher "Trochocercus cyanomelas"
*Black-headed Paradise-Flycatcher "Terpsiphone rufiventer"
*African Paradise-Flycatcher "Terpsiphone viridis"

Babblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Timaliidae

The babblers or timaliids are somewhat diverse in size and coloration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage. There are 270 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Uganda.

*Scaly-breasted Illadopsis "Illadopsis albipectus"
*Puvel's Illadopsis "Illadopsis puveli"
*Pale-breasted Illadopsis "Illadopsis rufipennis"
*Brown Illadopsis "Illadopsis fulvescens"
*Mountain Illadopsis "Illadopsis pyrrhoptera"
*African Hill Babbler "Illadopsis abyssinica"
*Gray-chested Illadopsis "Kakamega poliothorax"
*Rufous Chatterer "Turdoides rubiginosus"
*Dusky Babbler "Turdoides tenebrosus"
*Black-lored Babbler "Turdoides sharpei"
*Brown Babbler "Turdoides plebejus"
*Arrow-marked Babbler "Turdoides jardineii"
*Capuchin Babbler "Phyllanthus atripennis"

Chickadees and Titmice

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. There are species 59 worldwide and 5 species which occur in Uganda.

*White-shouldered Black-Tit "Melaniparus guineensis"
*White-bellied Tit "Melaniparus albiventris"
*Dusky Tit "Melaniparus funereus"
*Stripe-breasted Tit "Melaniparus fasciiventer"
*Somali Tit "Melaniparus thruppi"

Treecreepers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees. There are 6 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Uganda.

*Spotted Creeper "Salpornis spilonotus"

Penduline tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Remizidae

The penduline tits are a group of small passerine birds, related to the true tits. They are insectivores. There are 13 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Uganda.

*Mouse-colored Penduline-Tit "Anthoscopus musculus"
*Yellow Penduline-Tit "Anthoscopus parvulus"
*African Penduline-Tit "Anthoscopus caroli"
*Tit-hylia "Pholidornis rushiae"

unbirds and Spiderhunters

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Nectariniidae

The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed. There are 131 species worldwide and 39 species which occur in Uganda.

*Gray-headed Sunbird "Deleornis axillaris"
*Western Violet-backed Sunbird "Anthreptes longuemarei"
*Kenya Violet-backed Sunbird "Anthreptes orientalis"
*Little Green Sunbird "Anthreptes seimundi"
*Green Sunbird "Anthreptes rectirostris"
*Collared Sunbird "Hedydipna collaris"
*Pygmy Sunbird "Hedydipna platura"
*Green-headed Sunbird "Cyanomitra verticalis"
*Blue-throated Brown Sunbird "Cyanomitra cyanolaema"
*Blue-headed Sunbird "Cyanomitra alinae"
*Eastern Olive-Sunbird "Cyanomitra olivacea"
*Green-throated Sunbird "Chalcomitra rubescens"
*Amethyst Sunbird "Chalcomitra amethystina"
*Scarlet-chested Sunbird "Chalcomitra senegalensis"
*Hunter's Sunbird "Chalcomitra hunteri"
*Purple-breasted Sunbird "Nectarinia purpureiventris"
*Tacazze Sunbird "Nectarinia tacazze"
*Bronze Sunbird "Nectarinia kilimensis"
*Golden-winged Sunbird "Drepanorhynchus reichenowi"
*Red-tufted Sunbird "Nectarinia johnstoni"
*Malachite Sunbird "Nectarinia famosa"
*Olive-bellied Sunbird "Cinnyris chloropygius"
*Tiny Sunbird "Cinnyris minullus"
*Stuhlmann's Sunbird "Cinnyris stuhlmanni" (E)
*Prigogine's Sunbird "Cinnyris prigoginei"
*Northern Double-collared Sunbird "Cinnyris preussi"
*Greater Double-collared Sunbird "Cinnyris afer"
*Regal Sunbird "Cinnyris regius"
*Beautiful Sunbird "Cinnyris pulchellus"
*Mariqua Sunbird "Cinnyris mariquensis"
*Red-chested Sunbird "Cinnyris erythrocerca"
*Purple-banded Sunbird "Cinnyris bifasciatus"
*Orange-tufted Sunbird "Cinnyris bouvieri"
*Palestine Sunbird "Cinnyris oseus"
*Shining Sunbird "Cinnyris habessinicus"
*Splendid Sunbird "Cinnyris coccinigaster"
*Superb Sunbird "Cinnyris superbus"
*Variable Sunbird "Cinnyris venustus"
*Copper Sunbird "Cinnyris cupreus"

White-eyes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Zosteropidae

The white-eyes are small and are mostly of undistinguished appearance, the plumage above being generally either some dull color like greenish olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As their name suggests many species have a white ring around the eyes. There are 96 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Uganda.

*African Yellow White-eye "Zosterops senegalensis"

Old World Orioles

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae

The Old World Orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles. There are 29 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Uganda.

*Eurasian Golden Oriole "Oriolus oriolus"
*African Golden Oriole "Oriolus auratus"
*Western Black-headed Oriole "Oriolus brachyrhynchus"
*African Black-headed Oriole "Oriolus larvatus"
*Black-tailed Oriole "Oriolus percivali"
*Black-winged Oriole "Oriolus nigripennis"

hrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey. There are 31 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in Uganda.

*Red-backed Shrike "Lanius collurio"
*Rufous-tailed Shrike "Lanius isabellinus"
*Emin's Shrike "Lanius gubernator"
*Souza's Shrike "Lanius souzae"
*Lesser Gray Shrike "Lanius minor"
*Gray-backed Fiscal "Lanius excubitoroides"
*Taita Fiscal "Lanius dorsalis"
*Mackinnon's Shrike "Lanius mackinnoni"
*Common Fiscal "Lanius collaris"
*Woodchat Shrike "Lanius senator"
*Yellow-billed Shrike "Corvinella corvina"
*White-rumped Shrike "Eurocephalus rueppelli"

Bushshrikes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Malaconotidae

Bushshrikes are similar in habits to shrikes, hunting insects and other small prey from a perch on a bush. Although similar in build to the shrikes, these tend to be either colourful species or largely black; some species are quite secretive. There are 46 species worldwide and 23 species which occur in Uganda.

*Brubru "Nilaus afer"
*Northern Puffback "Dryoscopus gambensis"
*Red-eyed Puffback "Dryoscopus senegalensis"
*Pink-footed Puffback "Dryoscopus angolensis"
*Marsh Tchagra "Tchagra minuta"
*Black-crowned Tchagra "Tchagra senegala"
*Brown-crowned Tchagra "Tchagra australis"
*Three-streaked Tchagra "Tchagra jamesi"
*Luehder's Bushshrike "Laniarius luehderi"
*Tropical Boubou "Laniarius aethiopicus"
*Black-headed Gonolek "Laniarius erythrogaster"
*Papyrus Gonolek "Laniarius mufumbiri"
*Slate-colored Boubou "Laniarius funebris"
*Sooty Boubou "Laniarius leucorhynchus"
*Fuelleborn's Boubou "Laniarius fuelleborni"
*Mountain Sooty Boubou "Laniarius poensis"
*Gray-green Bushshrike "Telophorus bocagei"
*Sulphur-breasted Bushshrike "Telophorus sulfureopectus"
*Many-colored Bushshrike "Telophorus multicolor"
*Doherty's Bushshrike "Telophorus dohertyi"
*Fiery-breasted Bushshrike "Malaconotus cruentus"
*Lagden's Bushshrike "Malaconotus lagdeni"
*Gray-headed Bushshrike "Malaconotus blanchoti"

Helmetshrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prionopidae

The helmetshrikes are similar in build to the shrikes, but tend to be colourful species with distinctive crests or other head ornaments, such as wattles, from which they get their name. There are 12 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Uganda.

*White Helmetshrike "Prionops plumatus"
*Yellow-crested Helmetshrike "Prionops alberti"
*Chestnut-bellied Helmetshrike "Prionops caniceps"
*Rufous-bellied Helmetshrike "Prionops rufiventris"

Drongos

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Dicruridae

The drongos are mostly are black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright whilst perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground. There are 24 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Uganda.

*Square-tailed Drongo "Dicrurus ludwigii"
*Fork-tailed Drongo "Dicrurus adsimilis"
*Velvet-mantled Drongo "Dicrurus modestus"

Crows, Jays, Ravens and Magpies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae

The Corvidae family includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show high levels of learning behavior. There are 120 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Uganda.

*Piapiac "Ptilostomus afer"
*Cape Crow "Corvus capensis"
*Pied Crow "Corvus albus"
*Fan-tailed Raven "Corvus rhipidurus"
*White-necked Raven "Corvus albicollis"

tarlings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct, and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen. There are 125 species worldwide and 21 species which occur in Uganda.

*Wattled Starling "Creatophora cinerea"
*Greater Blue-eared Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis chalybaeus"
*Lesser Blue-eared Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis chloropterus"
*Bronze-tailed Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis chalcurus"
*Splendid Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis splendidus"
*Purple Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis purpureus"
*Rueppell's Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis purpuropterus"
*Superb Starling "Lamprotornis superbus"
*Purple-headed Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis purpureiceps"
*Violet-backed Starling "Cinnyricinclus leucogaster"
*Red-winged Starling "Onychognathus morio"
*Slender-billed Starling "Onychognathus tenuirostris"
*Chestnut-winged Starling "Onychognathus fulgidus"
*Waller's Starling "Onychognathus walleri"
*Bristle-crowned Starling "Onychognathus salvadorii"
*Narrow-tailed Starling "Poeoptera lugubris"
*Stuhlmann's Starling "Poeoptera stuhlmanni"
*Sharpe's Starling "Pholia sharpii"
*Magpie Starling "Speculipastor bicolor"
*Red-billed Oxpecker "Buphagus erythrorhynchus"
*Yellow-billed Oxpecker "Buphagus africanus"

Weavers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Ploceidae

The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season. There are 116 species worldwide and 52 species which occur in Uganda.

*White-billed Buffalo-Weaver "Bubalornis albirostris"
*White-headed Buffalo-Weaver "Dinemellia dinemelli"
*Speckle-fronted Weaver "Sporopipes frontalis"
*White-browed Sparrow-Weaver "Plocepasser mahali"
*Chestnut-crowned Sparrow-Weaver "Plocepasser superciliosus"
*Gray-headed Social-Weaver "Pseudonigrita arnaudi"
*Baglafecht Weaver "Ploceus baglafecht"
*Slender-billed Weaver "Ploceus pelzelni"
*Little Weaver "Ploceus luteolus"
*Lesser Masked-Weaver "Ploceus intermedius"
*Spectacled Weaver "Ploceus ocularis"
*Black-necked Weaver "Ploceus nigricollis"
*Black-billed Weaver "Ploceus melanogaster"
*Strange Weaver "Ploceus alienus"
*Holub's Golden-Weaver "Ploceus xanthops"
*Orange Weaver "Ploceus aurantius"
*Northern Brown-throated Weaver "Ploceus castanops"
*Heuglin's Masked-Weaver "Ploceus heuglini"
*Northern Masked-Weaver "Ploceus taeniopterus"
*Vitelline Masked-Weaver "Ploceus vitellinus"
*Village Weaver "Ploceus cucullatus"
*Fox's Weaver "Ploceus spekeoides" (E)
*Vieillot's Weaver "Ploceus nigerrimus"
*Weyns's Weaver "Ploceus weynsi"
*Black-headed Weaver "Ploceus melanocephalus"
*Golden-backed Weaver "Ploceus jacksoni"
*Chestnut Weaver "Ploceus rubiginosus"
*Yellow-mantled Weaver "Ploceus tricolor"
*Maxwell's Black Weaver "Ploceus albinucha"
*Forest Weaver "Ploceus bicolor"
*Brown-capped Weaver "Ploceus insignis"
*Compact Weaver "Pachyphantes superciliosus"
*Red-bellied Malimbe "Malimbus erythrogaster"
*Gray's Malimbe "Malimbus nitens"
*Crested Malimbe "Malimbus malimbicus"
*Red-headed Malimbe "Malimbus rubricollis"
*Red-headed Weaver "Anaplectes rubriceps"
*Cardinal Quelea "Quelea cardinalis"
*Red-headed Quelea "Quelea erythrops"
*Red-billed Quelea "Quelea quelea"
*Yellow-crowned Bishop "Euplectes afer"
*Black Bishop "Euplectes gierowii"
*Black-winged Bishop "Euplectes hordeaceus"
*Orange Bishop "Euplectes franciscanus"
*Red Bishop "Euplectes orix"
*Yellow Bishop "Euplectes capensis"
*Fan-tailed Widowbird "Euplectes axillaris"
*Yellow-shouldered Widowbird "Euplectes macrourus"
*White-winged Widowbird "Euplectes albonotatus"
*Red-collared Widowbird "Euplectes ardens"
*Marsh Widowbird "Euplectes hartlaubi"
*Grosbeak Weaver "Amblyospiza albifrons"

Waxbills and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Estrildidae

The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed-eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have a wide variation in plumage colours and pattern. There are 141 species worldwide and 48 species which occur in Uganda.

*Jameson's Antpecker "Parmoptila jamesoni"
*White-breasted Negrofinch "Nigrita fusconota"
*Chestnut-breasted Negrofinch "Nigrita bicolor"
*Pale-fronted Negrofinch "Nigrita luteifrons"
*Gray-headed Negrofinch "Nigrita canicapilla"
*White-collared Oliveback "Nesocharis ansorgei"
*Gray-headed Oliveback "Nesocharis capistrata"
*Orange-winged Pytilia "Pytilia afra"
*Red-winged Pytilia "Pytilia phoenicoptera"
*Green-winged Pytilia "Pytilia melba"
*Green-backed Twinspot "Mandingoa nitidula"
*Red-faced Crimson-wing "Cryptospiza reichenovii"
*Abyssinian Crimson-wing "Cryptospiza salvadorii"
*Dusky Crimson-wing "Cryptospiza jacksoni"
*Shelley's Crimson-wing "Cryptospiza shelleyi"
*Black-bellied Seedcracker "Pyrenestes ostrinus"
*Grant's Bluebill "Spermophaga poliogenys"
*Red-headed Bluebill "Spermophaga ruficapilla"
*Brown Twinspot "Clytospiza monteiri"
*Dybowski's Twinspot "Euschistospiza dybowskii"
*Dusky Twinspot "Euschistospiza cinereovinacea"
*Bar-breasted Firefinch "Lagonosticta rufopicta"
*Red-billed Firefinch "Lagonosticta senegala"
*Black-bellied Firefinch "Lagonosticta rara"
*African Firefinch "Lagonosticta rubricata"
*Jameson's Firefinch "Lagonosticta rhodopareia"
*Black-faced Firefinch "Lagonosticta larvata"
*Red-cheeked Cordonbleu "Uraeginthus bengalus"
*Purple Grenadier "Uraeginthus ianthinogaster"
*Yellow-bellied Waxbill "Estrilda quartinia"
*Fawn-breasted Waxbill "Estrilda paludicola"
*Crimson-rumped Waxbill "Estrilda rhodopyga"
*Black-rumped Waxbill "Estrilda troglodytes"
*Common Waxbill "Estrilda astrild"
*Black-crowned Waxbill "Estrilda nonnula"
*Black-headed Waxbill "Estrilda atricapilla"
*Kandt's Waxbill "Estrilda kandti"
*Black-cheeked Waxbill "Estrilda erythronotos"
*Red-rumped Waxbill "Estrilda charmosyna"
*Zebra Waxbill "Sporaeginthus subflavus"
*Red-billed Quailfinch "Ortygospiza gabonensis"
*Black-faced Quailfinch "Ortygospiza atricollis"
*African Silverbill "Euodice cantans"
*Gray-headed Silverbill "Odontospiza griseicapilla"
*Bronze Mannikin "Spermestes cucullatus"
*Black-and-white Mannikin "Spermestes bicolor"
*Magpie Mannikin "Spermestes fringilloides"
*Cut-throat "Amadina fasciata"

Indigobirds

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Viduidae

The indigobirds are finch-like species which usually have black or indigo predominating in their plumage. All are brood parasites, which lay their eggs in the nests of estrildid finch species. There are 20 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Uganda.

*Village Indigobird "Vidua chalybeata"
*Pale-winged Indigobird "Vidua wilsoni"
*Steel-blue Whydah "Vidua hypocherina"
*Straw-tailed Whydah "Vidua fischeri"
*Pin-tailed Whydah "Vidua macroura"
*Eastern Paradise-Whydah "Vidua paradisaea"
*Broad-tailed Paradise-Whydah "Vidua obtusa"

Weavers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Ploceidae

The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season. There are 116 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Uganda.

*Parasitic Weaver "Anomalospiza imberbis"

Buntings, Sparrows, Seedeaters and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns. There are species 275 worldwide and 5 species which occur in Uganda.

*Cinnamon-breasted Bunting "Emberiza tahapisi"
*Golden-breasted Bunting "Emberiza flaviventris"
*Somali Bunting "Emberiza poliopleura"
*Brown-rumped Bunting "Emberiza affinis"
*Cabanis's Bunting "Emberiza cabanisi"

iskins, Crossbills and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and 9 primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. There are 137 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in Uganda.

*Oriole Finch "Linurgus olivaceus"
*Cape Canary "Serinus canicollis"
*Yellow-crowned Canary "Serinus flavivertex"
*Western Citril "Serinus frontalis"
*Papyrus Canary "Serinus koliensis"
*White-rumped Seedeater "Serinus leucopygius"
*Black-throated Canary "Serinus atrogularis"
*Reichenow's Seedeater "Serinus reichenowi"
*Yellow-fronted Canary "Serinus mozambicus"
*White-bellied Canary "Serinus dorsostriatus"
*Brimstone Canary "Serinus sulphuratus"
*Reichard's Seedeater "Serinus reichardi"
*Streaky-headed Seedeater "Serinus gularis"
*Streaky Seedeater "Serinus striolatus"
*Thick-billed Seedeater "Serinus burtoni"

parrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae

Sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects. There are 35 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Uganda.

*Shelley's Rufous Sparrow "Passer shelleyi"
*Gray-headed Sparrow "Passer griseus"
*Chestnut Sparrow "Passer eminibey"
*Yellow-spotted Petronia "Petronia pyrgita"
*Bush Petronia "Petronia dentata"

Flora

Notes

References

*cite web
url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=UG&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Uganda
publisher=IUCN
date=2001
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
title=Mammal Species of the World
publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
date=2005
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
title=Animal Diversity Web
publisher=University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
date=1995-2006
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
last = Lepage
first = Denis
authorlink =
coauthors =
year =
url = http://www.bsc-eoc.org/avibase/avibase.jsp?region=ug&pg=checklist&list=clements
title = Checklist of birds of Uganda
format =
work = Bird Checklists of the World
publisher = Avibase
accessdate = 27 April
accessyear = 2007
*cite book
title=Birds of the World: a Checklist
first= James F.
last = Clements
publisher = Cornell University Press
date = 2000
id = ISBN 0934797161
pages = 880

External links