USS Towhee (AM-388)

USS "Towhee" (AM-388) was an "Auk"-class minesweeper acquired by the U.S. Navy for the dangerous task of removing mines from minefields laid in the water to prevent ships from passing.

"Towhee" was named after the Towhee, a North American bird of the finch family. "Towhee" was laid down on 21 March 1944 at Cleveland, Ohio, by the American Shipbuilding Co.; launched on 6 January 1945; sponsored by Mrs. C. E. Conners; and commissioned on 18 May 1945, Lt. T. N. Humble, USNR, in command. "Towhee" departed Cleveland, Ohio on 26 May, bound for the Massachusetts coast, via the Canadian ports of Montreal and Halifax, Nova Scotia, and arrived at Boston, Massachusetts, on 10 June. The minesweeper remained at this port through 23 July, undergoing a major overhaul, before proceeding to Little Creek, Virginia, for a continuation of overhaul and shakedown.

Pacific Ocean operations

Leaving the Norfolk area on 21 September, "Towhee" headed south for Panama, transited the Panama Canal, and joined the Pacific Fleet on 30 September. A short availability at Craig Shipyard, San Pedro, California, in October prepared the ship for her departure from the west coast; and she got underway for Pearl Harbor on 3 November and arrived eight days later. On the 21st, the minesweeper departed the Hawaiian Islands, but an engineering casualty on the following day forced her return to Pearl Harbor. After spending a month under repair, "Towhee" again sailed for Japan on 28 December and proceeded via Eniwetok, Saipan, Guam, and Samar in the Philippines. Escorting YMS's, the minesweeper reached Sasebo on 1 February 1946 and commenced a short availability alongside "Nercus" (AS-17) for voyage repairs. Departing Sasebo, Japan, for Saishu To, she spent one week in those waters and then shifted her operations to Tsushima before returning to Sasebo. Assigned as flagship, Task Unit 96.6.2, she participated in part of the gigantic minesweeping operations designed to clear the waters around the Japanese home islands of mines sown during the war and commenced her sweeps in Tsushima Strait on 17 March.

East Coast operations

After a month of operations, "Towhee" departed Sasebo, Japan, on 22 April, bound for the west coast, via Eniwetok and Pearl Harbor. "Towhee" stood into San Diego, California, on 20 May before proceeding on to transit the Panama Canal on 9 June and rejoin the Atlantic Fleet. After a two-day layover at Coco Solo, Panama Canal Zone, the minesweeper got underway north and arrived at Charleston, South Carolina, on 17 June. "Towhee" remained on active duty with the Atlantic Fleet through 1953.

Decommissioning

"Towhee" was decommissioned and laid up at Orange, Texas, in March 1954. On 7 February 1955, a fleet-wide redesignation of minecraft resulted in "Towhee" being redesignated as MSF-388. The minesweeper remained inactive through November of 1963.

Reactivation as Oceanographic Survey Ship

In December of that year, the ship proceeded to Philadephia Naval Shipyard Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for activation and conversion to an oceanographic survey ship to replace USS Requisite (AGS-18) that was decommissioned and eventually scrapped. She was recommissioned on 1 April 1964 and redesignated "USS Towhee AGS-28".

East Coast survey operations

Assigned to Service Force, Atlantic Fleet, and homeported in Norfolk, Virginia, the ship completed underway training by July at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. "Towhee" then commenced a series of five oceanographic survey operations through the summer of 1965 before assisting in builder's trials for a nuclear submarine in the late summer. Navigational difficulties caused a premature return from the ship's sixth survey operation in late October, necessitating a tender availability alongside "Cadmus" (AR-14) before the survey ship departed Norfolk on 6 December and deployed once more for survey operations in the western Atlantic Ocean. The ship remained with the Atlantic Fleet through May 1966, when she underwent a tender availability alongside "Amphion" (AR-13) to prepare for shifting her operations back to the Pacific. Upon completion of the tender availability, "Towhee" entered the Norfolk Naval Shipyard for installation of new communications equipment and air conditioning.

Pacific Ocean survey operations

She departed the shipyard on 1 July and the Norfolk, Virginia area six days later, bound for Pearl Harbor. After stopovers at the Panama Canal Zone and at Mazatlan, Mexico, "Towhee" made port at Pearl Harbor on 12 August. Assigned to ServRon 5, the oceanographic survey vessel underwent voyage repairs soon after arriving in Hawaiian waters and continued availability through September. From 18 October to 5 November, the ship conducted underway training operations and refresher training. On 9 November, the ship got underway for her first Far Eastern deployment. After layovers at Guam in the Marianas and at Subic Bay in the Philippines, "Towhee" dropped anchor in Touraine Bay, off Danang, South Vietnam, on 9 December. Survey operations conducted between the time of her arrival and her departure on 12 January 1967 were frequently hampered by gale winds and high seas. The ship subsequently returned, via Subic Bay and Guam, to Hawaiian waters and reached Pearl Harbor on 6 February. Following a survey in the vicinity of Midway Island, the ship entered the naval shipyard at Pearl Harbor for 10 days of upkeep. "Towhee" then conducted underway training prior to entering "ARD-SO" for routine predeployment underwater hull inspection.

Second WestPac deployment

On 18 September, "Towhee" departed Pearl Harbor, bound for the ship's second WestPac deployment, and stopped briefly at Guam en route to the Gulf of Thailand. Arriving off the western coast of Vietnam for survey operations during the latter part of October, "Towhee's" operations continued into December, when she made a visit to Bangkok, Thailand, over Christmas 1967. "Towhee" headed for Hawaii in April and conducted local operations in the Hawaiian area until 25 November 1968, when the survey ship headed for the west coast. "Towhee" underwent a material inspection on 19 and 20 March 1969 at the conclusion of her west coast deployment, and the surveying board found the ship unfit for further service.

Decommissioning

"Towhee" was decommissioned on 30 April 1969, and custody was transferred to the Inactive Ship Facility at Vallejo, California On 1 May "Towhee" was struck from the Navy list and sold to the Learner Co. of Oakland, California, on 6 March for scrapping.

References

See also

* List of United States Navy ships
* Auk class minesweeper
* World War II
* Minesweeper (ship)
* Minesweeping
* Survey ship
* Oceanography

External links

* [http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/#Anchor-Editoria-14954 Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships]
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ships/AM/AM-388_Towhee.html Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-1945 AM-388 USS Towhee]
* [http://home.gci.net/~bobhope/ U.S.S. Towhee website.]
* [http://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/5399.html Minesweeper USS Towhee of the Auk class]
* [http://towhee.proboards34.com/ USS Towhee « Home ». Welcome Guest]
* [http://www.navsource.org/archives/11/02388.htm Mine Warfare Ship Photo Index AM/MSF-388 Towhee]
* [http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Vista/1507/Minesweeper.htm Minesweeper]