Styphnic acid

Styphnic acid

Chembox new
Name = Styphnic acid
ImageFile = Styphnic acid.png ImageName = Styphnic acid
IUPACName = 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene-1,3-diol
Section1 = Chembox Identifiers
CASNo = 82-71-3
UNNumber = 0219 – "Dry or wetted with < 20% water/alcohol" 0394 – "Wetted with >= 20% water/alcohol"
SMILES = OC1=C( [N+] ( [O-] )=O)C(O)=C
( [N+] ( [O-] )=O)C=C1 [N+] ( [O-] )=O
Section2 = Chembox Properties
Formula = C6H3N3O8
MolarMass = 245.11 g/mol
Density = 1.829 g/cm3
MeltingPt = 180 °C
BoilingPt = dec.

Styphnic acid, or 2,4,6-trinitro-1,3-benzenediol, is a yellow astringent acid that forms hexagonal crystals. It is used in the manufacture of dyes, pigments, inks, medicines, and explosives such as lead styphnate. It is itself a sensitive explosive, similar to picric acid.

Preparation and chemistry

It may be prepared by the nitration of resorcinol with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acid [ [http://www.roguesci.org/chemlab/energetics/styphnic_acid.html Synthesis of styphnic acid ] ] .

This compound is an example of a trinitro phenol.

Like picric acid, it is a moderately strong acid, displacing carbon dioxide from solutions of sodium carbonate for example.

It may be reacted with weakly basic oxides such as those of lead and silver to form the corresponding salts.

The solubility of picric acid and styphnic acid in water is far less than the non nitrated phenol and less than the corresponding mono and di nitro compounds so they may be purified by fractional crystallisation.

References


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • styphnic acid — ˈstifnik noun Etymology: styphnic International Scientific Vocabulary styphn (from German in German styphninsäure styphnic acid , irregular from Greek stryphnos astringent) + ic more at strubbly : an explosive yellow crystalline astringent acid… …   Useful english dictionary

  • styphnic acid — stifno rūgštis statusas T sritis chemija formulė (HO)₂C₆H(NO₂)₃ atitikmenys: angl. styphnic acid rus. стифниновая кислота ryšiai: sinonimas – 2,4,6 trinitro 1,3 benzendiolis …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • styphnic acid — noun a nitro substituted di phenol, 2,4,6 trinitrobenzene 1,3 diol, used in the manufacture of dyes, explosives etc See Also: styphnate …   Wiktionary

  • Styphnic — Styph nic, a. [Gr. (spurious) sty fein to contract.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a yellow crystalline astringent acid, {(NO2)3.C6H.(OH)2}, obtained by the action of nitric acid on resorcin. Styphnic acid resembles picric acid, but is… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • styphnic — adjective Of or pertaining to styphnic acid or its derivatives …   Wiktionary

  • NO23C6HOH2 — Styphnic Styph nic, a. [Gr. (spurious) sty fein to contract.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a yellow crystalline astringent acid, {(NO2)3.C6H.(OH)2}, obtained by the action of nitric acid on resorcin. Styphnic acid resembles picric acid …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • styphnate — ˈstifˌnāt noun ( s) Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary styphn (in styphnic acid) + ate : a salt of styphnic acid …   Useful english dictionary

  • Resorcinol — IUPAC name …   Wikipedia

  • Nitro compound — The structure of the nitro group Nitro compounds are organic compounds that contain one or more nitro functional groups ( NO2). They are often highly explosive, especially when the compound contains more than one nitro group and is impure. The… …   Wikipedia

  • Styphnate — Styph nate, n. (Chem.) A salt of styphnic acid. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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