Alvin Dark

Infobox MLB retired
name=Alvin Dark


position=Shortstop / Manager
bats=Right
throws=Right
birthdate=birth date and age|1922|1|7
city-state|Comanche|Oklahoma
deathdate=
debutdate=July 14
debutyear=by|1946
debutteam=Boston Braves
finaldate=October 2
finalyear=by|1960
finalteam=Milwaukee Braves
stat1label=Batting average
stat1value=.289
stat2label=Hits
stat2value=2,089
stat3label=Runs batted in
stat3value=757
teams=As Player
* Boston Braves (by|1946-by|1949)
* New York Giants (by|1950-by|1956)
* St. Louis Cardinals (by|1956-by|1958)
* Chicago Cubs (by|1958-by|1959)
* Philadelphia Phillies (by|1960)
* Milwaukee Braves (by|1960)As Manager
* San Francisco Giants (by|1961-by|1964)
* Kansas City Athletics (by|1966-by|1967)
* Cleveland Indians (by|1968-by|1971)
* Oakland Athletics (by|1974-by|1975)
* San Diego Padres (by|1977)
highlights=
* 3x All-Star selection (1951, 1952, 1954)
* 1948 Rookie of the Year
* 1955 Lou Gehrig Memorial Award
* Led NL in doubles in 1951 with 41

Alvin Ralph Dark (born January 7, 1922 in Comanche, Oklahoma), nicknamed "Blackie" and "The Swamp Fox", is a former shortstop and manager in Major League Baseball who played for five National League teams from 1946 to 1960. Named the major leagues' Rookie of the Year with the by|1948 Boston Braves when he batted .322. After joining the New York Giants he hit .300 three more times and became the first NL shortstop to hit 20 home runs more than once. His .411 career slugging average was the seventh highest by an NL shortstop when he retired, and his 126 home runs placed him behind only Ernie Banks and Travis Jackson. After leading the NL in putouts and double plays three times each, he ended his career with the seventh most double plays (933) and tenth highest fielding percentage (.960) in league history. He went on to become the third manager to win pennants with both National and American League teams.

Baseball career

Dark attended LSU, in 1942 and was a football standout there as well as a great baseball player. During WWII he transferred through the V-12 program to the University of Louisiana-Lafayette (then SLI) in Lafayette Louisiana, where he once again showed his baseball skills batting .461 in 1944. His football skills were evident there as well as he quarterbacked SLI to an undefeated season in 1943 and a New Years day victory in the Oil Bowl. This led to his getting drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles. However after serving in Asia during the war he came home and chose his first love, baseball.

He was named the MLB Rookie of the Year and finished third in the MVP voting in 1948 after playing a vital part of the Braves' unlikely run to the pennant, their first since 1914; but he hit only .167 in the World Series loss to the Cleveland Indians. He was traded after the by|1949 season, which turned out to be one of the best trades in Giants history and one of the worst in Braves history. Dark was immediately named team captain by manager Leo Durocher, and had several great seasons in New York. In by|1951 he batted .303 with 114 runs and a league-leading 41 doubles as the Giants won their first pennant in 14 years; he hit .417 in the World Series against the New York Yankees, including a 3-run home run in Game 1, though the Giants lost in six games. He followed up with seasons hitting .301 and .300 in 1952-53, scoring 126 runs with 23 home runs and 41 doubles in the latter season. In by|1954 he batted .293 with 20 home runs and was fifth in the MVP voting as the Giants won another pennant; in the World Series against the heavily favored Indians, he batted .412 with a hit in every game, and the Giants pulled off an astonishing sweep to win their first championship since 1933. He was the NL's starting shortstop for the All-Star game in 1951, by|1952, and 1954. In by|1955 he was awarded the first Lou Gehrig Memorial Award, given to the player who best exemplified Gehrig's character and integrity both on and off the field.

In June 1956 he was traded to the St. Louis Cardinals in a nine-player deal; he continued to hit well, and led the NL in putouts and double plays for the third time in 1957. He was traded to the Chicago Cubs in May 1958, batting .295 over the remainder of the season and .264 in 1959; with Ernie Banks at shortstop, the Cubs shifted Dark to third base, where he remained in his last seasons. In January by|1960 he was traded with two other players to the Philadelphia Phillies in exchange for Richie Ashburn; after hitting .242 in 55 games, he was traded back to the Braves (now in Milwaukee) in June, and hit .298 in his final 50 games. On October 31 of that year, he was traded back to the Giants (who had moved to San Francisco two years earlier), who wanted him as their new manager rather than as a player. Dark retired with a .289 career batting average, 2089 hits, 1064 runs and 757 runs batted in over 1828 games played. According to baseball writer Bill James, he may have lost a Hall of Fame career due to his debut being delayed by his military service during World War II.

Managerial career

Dark quickly became a successful manager, winning a pennant with the Giants in by|1962, but losing the 1962 World Series in seven games to the Yankees. In 1964 he became embroiled in controversy when he was quoted in "Newsday" as complaining about the number of black and Hispanic players on the team and saying, "They are just not able to perform up to the white player when it comes to mental alertness." He responded that he had been severely misquoted; Willie Mays, whom he had named as team captain, came to his defense and calmed the team, and Jackie Robinson further noted, "I have found Dark to be a gentleman and, above all, unbiased. Our relationship has not only been on the ballfield but off it." Dark survived the controversy, but was fired after the season when Giants owner Horace Stoneham learned of an extramarital affair. He was hired as an assistant to Kansas City Athletics owner Charlie Finley in 1965, and became that team's manager the next season, but was dismissed in August 1967 in a disagreement over player discipline after Finley fined and suspended pitcher Lew Krausse for his behavior on a team flight. (Finley also released first baseman Ken Harrelson, who had been quoted as saying that Finley was a menace to the sport.)

Dark was hired to manage the Cleveland Indians in 1968 by Vernon Stouffer; after an initial third-place season, he was given the additional duties of general manager, but having the field manager negotiate the players' contracts proved to be an unworkable situation. The Indians returned to their losing ways and Dark was fired in mid-1971 with the team in last place. [cite book
author=Torry, Jack
chapter=Chapter 6, You're Committing Suicide
title=Endless Summers: The Fall and Rise of the Cleveland Indians
editor=
publisher=Diamond Communications, Inc.
id= ISBN 0-912083-98-0
year=1996| pages=pp.104-125] In the meantime, the Athletics had moved to Oakland, and after manager Dick Williams resigned following consecutive World Series triumphs in 1972-73, Finley rehired Dark. He guided the A's to a third straight championship in 1974, joining managers Joe McCarthy and Yogi Berra by winning pennants in both leagues, but was again fired after losing the 1975 American League Championship Series. He was hired by the San Diego Padres in mid-1977, but left the team after that season following a fifth-place finish. He ended his career with a 994-954 record, despite the decided weakness of his teams in Cleveland and San Diego. In a 1969 poll, Giants fans selected him as the greatest shortstop in team history.

ee also

*List of major league players with 2,000 hits
*List of Major League Baseball players with 1000 runs
*List of Major League Baseball doubles champions

References

* "Baseball: The Biographical Encyclopedia" (2000). Kingston, NY: Total/Sports Illustrated. ISBN 1-892129-34-5.

External links

* [http://www.baseball-reference.com/d/darkal01.shtml Baseball-Reference.com] - career playing statistics and managing record
* [http://www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/D/Dark_Alvin.stm BaseballLibrary.com] - career highlights and biography
* [http://www.thealvindarkfoundation.org/ The Alvin Dark Foundation] - created to financially support Christian ministries