Thorold Rogers

James Edwin Thorold Rogers (1823 – 14 October 1890), known as Thorold Rogers, an English economist and Member of Parliament, was born at West Meon, Hampshire. [http://socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3ll3/rogers/ Sidney Lee, in "Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome," Macmillan. London: Smith, Elder, & Co. (1903).] He deployed historical and statistical methods to analyze some of the key economic and social questions in Victorian England. As an advocate of free trade and social justice he distinguished himself from some others within the English Historical School. [http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/schools/enghist.htm The English Historical School.]

Formative years

Rogers was educated at King's College London and Magdalen Hall, Oxford. After taking a first-class degree in 1846, he received his MA in 1849 from Magdalen and was ordained. A High Church man, he was curate of St. Paul's in Oxford, and acted voluntarily as assistant curate at Headington from 1854 to 1858, until his views changed and he turned to politics.

For some time the classics were the chief field of his activity. He devoted himself to classical and philosophical tuition in Oxford with success, and his publications included an edition of Aristotle's "Ethics" (in 1865). Rogers was instrumental in obtaining the Clerical Disabilities Relief Act, of which he was the first beneficiary, becoming the first man to legally withdraw from his clerical vows in 1870.

Political economy

Simultaneously with these occupations he had been studying economics. He became the first Tooke Professor of Statistics and Economic Science at King's College London, from 1859 until his death. During this time he also held the Drummond professorship of political economy at All Souls College, Oxford between 1862 and 1867, when Bonamy Price was elected in his stead. [http://oep.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/citation/28/3/364 N. B. DeMarchi, "On the Early Dangers of Being Too Political an Economist," "Oxford Economic Papers" v. 28 no. 3, pp. 364-380] [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0030-7653(197807)2%3A30%3A2%3C310%3ATPEPOR%3E2.0.CO%3B2-P Salim Rashid, "The Price-Rogers Election; Politics or Religion?" "Oxford Economic Papers," New Series, Vol. 30, No. 2 (Jul., 1978), pp. 310-312] In this he became a friend and follower of Richard Cobden, an advocate for free trade, nonintervention in Europe and an end to imperial expansion, whom he met during his first tenure as Drummond professor. Rogers said of Cobden, "he knew that ... political economy ... was, or ought to be, eminently inductive, and that an economist without facts is like an engineer without materials or tools." [http://www.econlib.org/library/YPDBooks/Cobden/cbdSPP0.html Preface to Richard Cobden's "Speeches on Questions of Public Policy," on line.] Rogers had a wealth of facts at his disposal: his most influential works were the 6-volume "History of Agriculture and Prices in England from 1259 to 1795" and "Six Centuries of Work and Wages".

He served as President of the first day of the 1875 Co-operative Congress.Citation | title = Congress Presidents 1869-2002| url =http://archive.co-op.ac.uk/downloadFiles/congressPresidentstable.pdf|date=February 2002| accessdate =2008-05-10] He was Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for Southwark 1880-85 and Bermondsey 1885-86. Rogers also lectured in political economy at Worcester College, Oxford in 1883 and was re-elected Drummond professor in 1888.

Works

* "A History of Agriculture and Prices in England from 1259 to 1793" (1866–1902)
* "Speeches on questions of public policy by John Bright, M.P." Preface by James E. Thorold Rogers, editor. 2 vols. London: Macmillan and Co. (1868)
* Adam Smith, "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations," 2 vols. (1869); revised edition (1880); on line at [http://www.archive.org/details/inquiryintothena030768mbp Osmania University, Digital Library of India, Internet Archive. Preface by Thorold Rogers pp. v-xxx1x] and [http://books.google.com/books?id=I6yg2jVPvJgC&pg=PA252&lpg=PA252&dq=%22wealth+of+nations%22+rogers&source=web&ots=StBgNHLw1z&sig=PI7qbCB767GfSWhcZ-9B0LKf_9w#PPR5,M1 v. II (1869)]
* "Speeches on Questions of Public Policy by Richard Cobden, M.P., Edited by John Bright and James E. Thorold Rogers," London, T. Fisher Unwin (1870). Preface by Thorold Rogers. v. 1 ISBN 1847029159 v. 2 ISBN 1425492231; third ed. (1908) on line at [http://www.econlib.org/library/YPDBooks/Cobden/cbdSPPtoc.html Library of Economics and Liberty]
* [http://www.questia.com/library/book/cobden-and-modern-political-opinion-essays-on-certain-political-topics-by-james-e-thorold-rogers.jsp "Cobden and Modern Political Opinion. Essays on certain political topics," London, Macmillan (1873) Questia, on line.]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=yuD1RxpT4ssC "A Complete Collection of the Protests of the Lords: With Historical Introductions," Vol. 1 1624-1741. Oxford, Clarendon Press; London, Macmillan & Co. (1875) On line.] vol. 2. 1741-1825; vol. 3. 1826-1874.
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=aeAgAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22james+edwin+thorold+rogers%22+%22john+bright%22&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=l0dBYtAT3F&sig=ja75Ebw2tHy7fdBsRps9dn2it5Q#PPR5,M1 "Public Addresses by John Bright, M.P., ed. James E. Thorold Rogers," Preface by Thorold Rogers, pp. v-xi. 2nd ed., revised. London, Macmillan (1879) On line.]
* [http://socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3ll3/rogers/sixcenturies.pdf "Six Centuries of Work and Wages: The History of English Labour" 2 vols. London, Swan Sonnenschein (1884) ISBN 0415382297 - McMaster. On line.]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=npUvAAAAMAAJ&dq=rogers+first+nine+years+of+the+bank+of+england "The First Nine Years of the Bank of England," London, Macmillan (1887) Google Books, on line.]
* "The Relations of Economic Science to Social and Political Action." London: Swan Sonnenschein (1888).
* "The Economic Interpretation of History" London, G.P. Putnam's Sons (1888); T. Fisher Unwin (1909).
* "Holland." London, T. Fisher Unwin (1888); New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons (1889) - on line. [http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Story_of_Nations_-_Holland "Holland," on line.]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=P_UsAAAAMAAJ&dq=thorold+rogers "The Industrial and Commercial History of England: Lectures Delivered to the University of Oxford," ed. Arthur G. L. Rogers. New York, G. P. Putnam, 1892. Google Books, on line.]

References

* W. J. Ashley, "James E. Thorold Rogers" "Political Science Quarterly" (1889) pp. 381-407.
*Rayment
*1911