Heater (aquarium)

An aquarium heater is a device used in the fishkeeping hobby to warm the temperature of water in aquariums.cite book |last=Riehl |first=Rüdiger. Editor. |coauthors=Baensch, HA |title=Aquarium Atlas |year=1996. 5th Edn. |publisher=Tetra Press |location=Germany |isbn=3-88244-050-3] Most tropical freshwater and marine aquariums are maintained at temperatures that range from 22-30 ºC (71-86 ºF).Sands D (1994) "A fishkeepers guide to Central American cichlids." Tetra Press. Belgium pg 59-60.] [Mills D (1993) "Aquarium Fish" Harper Collins ISBN 0-7322-5012-9] The types include glass immersion heaters and undergravel heating. There are also heating mats that may be placed under the aquarium.

Glass immersion heaters

Most commonly, aquarium heaters are immersion style heaters, these heaters consist of a glass tube containing a heating element wound about a ceramic or glass insert. Some glass immersion heaters also contain sand, and most, but not all, are fully submersible. The glass tube also contains an adjustable thermostat which turns the heating element on to maintain the required temperature. This thermostat is often a bimetallic strip; because the strip contains two metals, the metals will expand at different rates when the temperature rises, causing the strip to bend. This strip carries the current, but breaks the current at the correct temperature. The setting of this bimetallic strip can be adjusted.cite book | title = Aquarium Owner's Guide | last = Sanford | first = Gina | publisher = DK Publishing | location = New York | date = 1999 | pages = 169 | isbn = 0-7894-4614-6] cite book | title = Exotic Tropical Fishes | last = Axelrod | first = Herbert, R. | publisher = T.F.H. Publications. | year = 1996 | ISBN = 0-87666-543-1] More advanced thermostats may use microchip technology. A small light in the heater is often included to indicate operation.

In a small aquarium, one heater can be used; however, in a larger aquarium, two or more may be used. This has the added advantage of one heater being able to compensate in the event of one heater malfunctioning.

Undergravel heating

Heating of the aquarium can also be achieved via a heating element in the form of a flexible heating cable that is buried beneath the aquarium substrate. Undergravel cable heating is popular in heavily planted aquariums. [cite web | last = Uwe Behle | first = Dan Resler|title=Do-It-Yourself Substrate Heating Cables|url=http://www.thekrib.com/Plants/Tech/Resler-Cables/| accessdate = 2007-04-05]

Undertank heating

"Main Article: Undertank heater"

Aquaria can also be heated by the use of heating mats which are placed beneath aquaria. Glass is, however, a poor conducter of heat and thus reduces the efficiency of this method of heating.

ee also

*Aquarium
*Fishkeeping

References