Slane

Infobox Irish Place
name = Slane
gaeilge = Baile Shláine
crest

motto =
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pin coords = left: 85px; top: 50px
north coord = 53.7086
west coord = 6.5434
irish grid = N959742
area =
elevation =
province = Leinster
county = County Meath
population = 1,587
town pop = 1,099
rural pop = 488
census yr = 2006
web =
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Slane (Irish place name|Baile Shláine) is a village in County Meath, in Ireland. The village stands on a steep hillside on the left bank of the River Boyne at the intersection of the N2 (Dublin to Monaghan road) and the N51 (Drogheda to Navan road). In 2006 Slane's population was 1,099, having grown from 823 in 2002. The population of the village and the surrounding rural area was 1,587 in 2006, up from 1,336 in 2002.cite web | title=Census 2006 – Volume 1 – Population Classified by Area | work=Central Statistics Office Census 2006 Reports | publisher=Central Statistics Office Ireland | year=2007 |month=April | url=http://www.cso.ie/census/documents/census2006_volume_1_pop_classified_by_area.pdf | accessdate=2007-05-02] The village centre dates from the 18th century. The village and surrounding area contains many historic sites dating back over 5,000 years.

The village

The village centre, laid out as a model village by the Conynghams is a good example of 18th century town planning. At the centre of the village stands four near identical Georgian houses. The four houses stand at the intersection of the two main streets in the village. The four houses and four streets form an octagon. This feature is known as "The Square". The two main streets in the village feature 18th century gray limestone buildings with slate roofs, oriel windows and stone steps and archways.cite book | author = Trench, C.E.F.| year=1995 | title=Slane | publisher=An Taisce - the National Trust for Ireland | id=ISBN 0-903693-09-7] At present there is a comprehensive Village Development Plan in operation.Fact|date=October 2007 In 2007 Meath County Council proposed that both Slane village and the mill be recognised as Architectural Conservation Areas and protected according.cite web | url = http://meathtourism.ie/LocalAuthorities/Publications/PlanningandDevelopmentPublications/CountyMeathPlanningPublications/DraftCountyMeathDevelopmentPlan2007-2013/File,7098,en.pdf | title = Appendix III - Architectural Conservation Areas | accessdate = 2007-10-10 | year = 2007 | work = Draft Meath County Development Plan 2007-2013 | publisher = Meath County Council | pages = pp. 389-390 ]

port

Slane Gaelic Football Club comprises the local parish Gaelic Athletic Association Gaelic football teams for the urban and rural areas of Slane. Teams play their home games in Toddy Harding Park, located Unit kilometre|5|0|lk=on north of the village.

The Hill of Slane

To the north of the village rises the Hill of Slane, which stands Unit metre|158|0|lk=on above the surroundings. Such a commanding site could never have been ignored, ["From this beautiful hill, a vast prospect of Ireland is afforded on a clear day. Eastwards can easily be seen the mounds of Newgrange and Knowth, with the town of Drogheda and the Irish Sea beyond, while the view northwards extends as far as Slieve Gullion (well into Northern Ireland), southwards as far as the Sugarloaf Mountain in Wicklow, and westwards to the midlands of Ireland." ( [http://www.mythicalireland.com/ancientsites/slane/index.html Noted at MythicalIreland.com] ).] and consequently there are a number of historic sites located around the top of the hill. In the Metrical Dindshenchas, a collection of bardic verse, the ancient Fir Bolg king Sláine was said to have been buried here, in the place that had been called "Druim Fuar" that came to be known in his memory "Dumha Sláine". [ [http://www.mythicalireland.com/ancientsites/slane/ancient.html Mythical Ireland: Slane in ancient times] ] There is an artificial mound on the western end of the hilltop. The hill may have been chosen as the site of Christian abbey due to the presence of an existing pagan shrine, the remains of which may be two standing stones in the burial yard. [Lewis, "Notes on Some Irish Antiquities" "The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland" 9 (1880:137-145) p. 142) "if such a [pagan] shrine were there, on the top of the lofty hill of Slane, it might have led to the building of the abbey: a circumstance which needs explanation, as abbeys were usually built in valleys, where land is fertile and water near at hand." ] Muirchu moccu Machtheni, in his highly mythologized seventh century Life of Patrick, says that St. Patrick lit a Paschal fire on this hill top in 433 CE in defiance of the High King Laoire who forbid any other fires while a festival fire was burning on the Hill of Tara. Historians and archaeologists agree that Muirchu has moved to Slane a fire lit elsewhere; [In the syncretic fashion suggested for Tara by Alan Gailey and G. B. Adams, "The Bonfire in North Irish Tradition" "Folklore" 88.1 (1977:3-38) p. 13] Brú na Bóinne, and Knowth have been suggested.Fact|date=October 2007 The Hill of Slane can be seen from the Hill of Tara which is about Unit kilometre|16|0 away.cite web | author= Rice, V.Rev. G. | title=The History of Christianity in Slane | url=http://community.meath.ie/slanehistoricalsociety/index.php?option=displaypage&Itemid=80&op=page&SubMenu= | work=Slane Historical Society | accessdate=2006-05-20] According to Muirchu, Logaire was so impressed by Patrick’s devotion that, despite his defiance (or perhaps because of it), he let him continue his missionary work in Ireland. It is somewhat more certain that Patrick appointed a bishop of Slane, Saint Erc.

The Hill of Slane remained a center of religion and learning for many centuries after St. Patrick. The ruins of a friary church and college can be seen on the top of the hill. It is known that the friary was restored in 1512. The ruins include a Unit metre|19|0|sing=on high early gothic tower. The friary was abandoned in 1723.

The traditional Christian hymn "Be Thou My Vision" is set to an early medieval Irish folk song named "Slane" which is about the Hill of Slane.cite book | last = McKim | first = Lindajo H. | title = The Presbyterian Hymnal Companion | edition = 1st edition | date = June 1993 | publisher = Westminster John Knox Press | isbn = 0664251803 | pages = p 340]

On the west side of the hill there are the remains of a twelfth century Norman motte and bailey, built by Richard Fleming in the 1170s. This was the seat of the Flemings of Slane, barons of Slane. The Flemings moved to a castle on the left bank of the River Boyne, the current location of Slane Castle. The Flemings were lords of Slane from the twelfth century until seventeenth century, when the Conyngham family replaced them as lords of Slane during the Williamite Confiscations.cite book | last = Cockagne | first = George Edward | authorlink = George Cokayne | title = The Complete Peerage | edition = | year = ]

lane Castle

Slane Castle stands on the river about Unit kilometre|1|1 upstream from the center of the village. The castle grounds have been the site of large rock concerts since 1981. This concert has never been free.There is an ancient well in the grounds of the castle near the river. In Irish mythology, the well blessed by Dian Cecht so that the Tuatha Dé Danann could bathe in it and be healed.Fact|date=February 2007

lane Mill

In the 1760s Boyne Navigation opened between Slane and Oldbridge, approximately Unit kilometre|10|0 down river. This is a series of along the canals which made the River Boyne navigable to small boats from Slane to the port in Drogeda. A canal which is part of the navigation runs parallel to the river on the south bank near Slane. David Jebb was the engineer in charge of the construction. Once the navigation was opened as far as Slane Jebb himself built a flour mill at Slane.Cite journal | last = Wheeler | first = Ed | year = 2005 | title = Restoring the Boyne | journal = Inland Waterways News | volume = 32 | issue = 2 | pages = 20–25 | publisher = Inland Waterways Association of Ireland | location = Ireland | issn = 1649-1696 | url = http://iwn.iwai.ie/v32i2/index.shtml#features | format = PDF | accessdate = 2007-10-08 ] Slane Mill stands on the north bank of the River Boyne beside the N2 bridge. The mill is a five storey cut stone building. When the mill was completed in 1766 it was the largest flour mill in Ireland. The water powered mill continued to be a flour mill until the 1870s when roller mills replaced grindstones. The mill was converted to flax.cite book | author=Fitzpatrick, David and Fitzpatrick, Maureen | title=The Old Frequented Ways | publisher=Slane Historical and Archaeological Society | chapter=The Old Mill]

lane Bridge

The N2 crosses the River Boyne south of the village. The road descends a steep hill from the village and makes an almost ninety degree turn onto the 14th century bridge. This bend has been the scene of at least 20 fatalities in living memory.cite news | last=Keogh | first=Elaine | url=http://www.ireland.com/newspaper/ireland/2004/0724/4048233660HM2SLANE.html | title=Councillor angered at lack of progress on Slane bypass | work=The Irish Times | date=2004-07-04 | accessdate=2006-05-20] As you climb the hill towards Slane village the wall on the right hand side of the road has a number of small white crosses, each representing a death on this stretch of road. Most of the crashes have involved heavy goods vehicles which are not able to slow down sufficiently to make the sharp bend after picking up speed on the hill. Meath County Council and the National Roads Authority have installed a number of traffic calming measures over the years in an attempt to make the bend onto the bridge safer, however crashes still occur. It was hoped that the opening of the M1 motorway would divert a lot the heavy traffic from the village but there is evidence that many heavy goods vehicles still use the N2 (and thus Slane bridge) in order to avoid paying the toll on the M1 bridge.cite news | last=Hogan | first=Treacy | coauthors=Keogh, Elaine | url=http://www.unison.ie/irish_independent/stories.php3?ca=9&si=443302&issue_id=4566 | title=Speeding trucks pose major safety risk on death bridge | work=The Irish Independent | date=2001-02-29 | accessdate=2006-05-20]

Near Slane

There are many other historical sites in the area around Slane. The Brú na Bóinne complex of Neolithic chamber tombs lies on the River Boyne Unit kilometre|5|0 down river from the village. This includes Newgrange, a passage tomb built c. 3200 BCE.cite book | author=O'Kelly, Michael J. | year=1982 | title=Newgrange | publisher=Thames and Hudson | id=ISBN 0-500-27371-5]

Across the river from the village stand the ruins of Fennor Castle.cite book | author=Ryle, John | title=The Old Frequented Ways | publisher=Slane Historical and Archaeological Society | chapter=Fennor Castle and its Historical Context]

In the grounds of Slane Castle are the ruins of St. Erc's Hermitage. This consists of a late fifteenth or early sixteenth century chapel and an earlier dwelling.

The site of the Battle of the Boyne is Unit kilometre|10|0 down river, east, from Slane.

lane Electoral Area

Slane is also the name of a Local Electoral Area encompassing a large area of eastern County Meath from Lobinstown to the Irish Sea. This area includes other towns which are actually larger than Slane such as Duleek, Stamullen and the portions of the environs of Drogheda which are in County Meath. The total population of Slane Electoral Area was 32,126 in 2006.cite web | url = http://meathtourism.ie/LocalAuthorities/Maps/MeathElectoralAreasMap/ | title = Meath Electoral Areas Map | accessdate = 2007-05-03 | format = JPG | publisher = Meath County Council]

Notable locals

*John Boyle O'Reilly (1844-1890) Poet, publisher, and member of the Irish Republican Brotherhood.
*John Cassidy (1860-1939) Artist and sculptor.
*John Connolly (1750-1825) Second bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of New York.
*Francis Ledwidge (1887-1917) Poet killed in action during World War I.

References

See also

* List of abbeys and priories in the Republic of Ireland, (County Meath)

External links

* [http://www.mythicalireland.com/ancientsites/slane/ancient.html Slane in Ancient Times]
* [http://www.theboynevalley.com/hillofslane.php The Boyne Valley Tourism Portal - Info on and Images of the Hill Of Slane]
* [http://www.slanetourism.com Slane Tourism] – information on sights, activities and accommodation in and around the village.
* [http://www.slanecommunityforum.com Village Development Plan] - developed by Slane Community Forum. This website includes many pictures of buildings in the village.