Jocotoco Antpitta

Taxobox
name = Jocotoco Antpitta
status = EN
status_system = iucn3.1
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Passeriformes
familia = Formicariidae (provisional)
genus = "Grallaria"
species = "G. ridgelyi"
binomial = "Grallaria ridgelyi"
binomial_authority = Krabbe, Agro, Rice, Jacome, Navarrete & Sornoza, 1999
range_

range_map_caption = Known Ecuadorian range in blue. Now also confirmed from adjacent Peru.

The Jocotoco Antpitta, "Grallaria ridgelyi", is an endangered bird from Ecuador and Peru. It is a large (150-200 g) ground antbird with a striking head pattern with tufts of white plumes beneath the eyes, and has a song similar to the hooting of the Rufous-banded Owl. Its closest relative appears to be the Chestnut-naped Antpitta and the Pale-billed Antpitta, with which it forms a group of antpittas with uniform breast plumage and smoky-grey flanks (Krabbe "et al." 1999).

As with other true antpittas, assignment to the Formicariidae family is in need of verification (Rice 2005).

"G. ridgelyi" inhabits only wet, mossy forest with ample "Chusquea" bamboo stands and silvery-leaved "Cecropia" trees. It is found at an altitude of 2,300 to 2,680 meters (Krabbe "et al." 1999). It was initially believed to be limited to the upper Rio Chinchipe drainage in Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador, but in 2006 a population was discovered in Cordillera del Cóndor in Cajamarca, Peru.

This species was only discovered in 1997, and scientifically described in 1999. To protect the presumably small population of this bird, the Cerro Tapichalaca Biological Reserve was established on behalf of the Fundación Jocotoco in 1998. It is presently known only from a very small number of locations and appears to be declining.

Consequently, the IUCN classifies it as Endangered (B1ab(i, ii,iii, v)). This means that based on currently available data, it is estimated to occur in no more than 5 locations over a total area of less than 5000 km², with both habitat quality and availability, and numbers declining, and some of the subpopulations in danger of disappearance. Due to its shyness and the call which might be mistaken for that of a Rufous-banded Owl, it could be more widespread than presently known, although surveys at several seemingly appropriate localties have failed to find any evidence of this species.

This bird's specific name honors the ornithologist Robert S. Ridgely, who took part in the initial discovery of this species. The common name refers to the local name of the bird, "jocotoco", which is onomatopoetic after the hooting calls and song (Krabbe "et al." 1999).

References

* Database entry includes justification for why this species is endangered

* Niels Krabbe; Agro, D.J.; Rice, N.H.; Jacome, M.; Navarrete, L. & Sornoza M., F. (1999): A new species of antpitta (Formicariidae: "Grallaria") from the southern Ecuadorian Andes. "Auk" 116(4): 882-890. [English with Spanish abstract] [http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Auk/v116n04/p0882-p0890.pdf PDF fulltext]

* Rice, Nathan H. (2005): Phylogenetic relationships of antpitta genera (Passeriformes: Formicariidae). "Auk" 122(2): 673-683. [English with Spanish abstract] DOI:10.1642/0004-8038(2005)122 [0673:PROAGP] 2.0.CO;2 [http://www.ansp.org/research/biodiv/ornithology/pdf/antpitta-phylogeny.pdf PDF fulltext]

* [http://metropolis229.webcrossing.com/WebX/.2cba5acd Jocotoco Antpitta (Grallaria ridgelyi): change of status required?] - BirdLife International's Globally Threatened Bird Forum.

External links

*BirdLife International: [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=9830&m=0 Jocotoco Antpitta Species Factsheet] . Retrieved 2007-FEB-22.
*mindobirds.com: [http://www.mindobirds.com.ec/images/jocotoco.jpgJocotoco Antpitta photo] . Retrieved 2007-FEB-22.
*World Land Trust: [http://www.worldlandtrust.org/projects/antpitta.htm Jocotoco Antpitta "Grallaria ridgelyi"] . Retrieved 2007-FEB-22.