John Maulbetsch

NFL PlayerCoach
name=Johnny Maulbetsch


DateOfBirth= June 29, 1890
Birthplace=city-state|Ann Arbor|Michigan
DateOfDeath=death date and age|mf=yes|1950|09|14|1890|06|29
PlaceOfDeath=Ann Arbor, Michigan
Position=HB
College= Adrian College
University of Michigan
Honors=All-American
CollegeHOF=10056
coach=Y
coachingyears=1917-20
1921-28
1929-30
coachingteams=Phillips University
Oklahoma A&M
Marshall College
player=Y
years=1911
1914-16
teams=Adrian College
University of Michigan

John F. "Johnny" Maulbetsch (June 20, 1890–September 14, 1950) was an All-American football halfback at Adrian College in 1911 and for the University of Michigan Wolverines from 1914-1916. He is also a member of the College Football Hall of Fame.

After playing with an independent football team in Ann Arbor and at Adrian College, Maulbetsch became one of the most famous American football players in 1914 while playing for the University of Michigan. Maulbetsch became known as the "Human Bullet" because of his unusual low, line-plunging style of play, and was also known as the "Featherweight Fullback" because of his light weight and small size. After his performance against Harvard in 1914, in which some reports indicated he gained more than 300 yards, eastern writers, including Damon Runyan, wrote articles touting Maulbetsch. Maulbetsch was also selected by Walter Camp to his All-American team.

In 1915, Maulbetsch underwent surgery for appendicitis and did not perform to the same level as he had in 1914. He made a comeback as a senior in 1916 and was again one of the leading players in college football.

Between 1917 and 1920, Maulbetsch was the head football coach at Phillips University. With Maulbetsch's name recognition, he was able to recruit big name talent to Phillips, including future Pro Football Hall of Famer Steve Owen, and future United States Olympic Committee President Doug Roby. Maulbetsch quickly turned Phillips into one of the top programs in the southwest, as his teams beat Oklahoma and Texas and lost only one game in the 1918 and 1919 seasons. Maulbetsch was later the football coach at Oklahoma A&M (later known as Oklahoma State) and Marshall College in the 1920s. He has been inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame, and the University of Michigan awards the John F. Maulbetsch Award each year to a freshman football player based on desire, character, and capacity for leadership and future success both on and off the football field.

Ann Arbor High School and the Independents

Maulbetsch was born and grew up in city-state|Ann Arbor|Michigan. He attended Ann Arbor High School where he led the football team to consecutive state championships in 1908 and 1909.cite book|author=Madej, Bruce|title=Michigan: Champions of the West, p. 39|publisher=Sport Publishing|date=1997|accessdate=2007-12-19] One account of the 1908 playoffs noted: "Ann Arbor's smashing play in the first half was wholly due to Maulbetsch, Ann Arbor’s fullback, and his terrific line bucking. He clearly outshone his team mates." [cite news|title=Ann Arbor Defeats DC.|publisher=The News-Palladium (Benton Harbor, Mich.)|date=1908-11-14|accessdate=2007-12-19]

After graduating from high school, Maulbetsch joined the Ann Arbor Independents, a football team made up of Michigan "varsity eligibles" and "townies." Maulbetsch was once reportedly called upon to drive across the goal line for the Independents in a game in which a large crowd, including a farmer with his plow-horse, gathered in the end zone. "Head down and legs working like piston rods, Maulbetsch plowed ahead until head struck the plow horse amidships. Down went the horse Mauly on top of him."

College football player

Transfer from Adrian College

Maulbetsch started his college football career at age 21, leading Adrian College to an 8–0 record in 1911, including a 15–0 win over the University of Michigan freshman team. [cite web|title=Adrian College Football Game-by-Game Results|url=http://www.adrian.edu/sports/football_results_all_time.php|publisher=Adrian College|accessdate=2007-12-19] cite web|title=Johnny Maulbetsch|url=http://www.collegefootball.org/famersearch.php?id=10056|publisher=College Football Hall of Fame |accessdate=2007-12-19] Maulbetsch’s performance drew the attention of Michigan Coach Fielding H. Yost. After watching Maulbetsch dominate Michigan’s freshman team, Yost concluded: "If I could get that kid into Michigan and keep him up in his studies I’d make an All-American place for him his first year."cite news|title=Maulbetsch A Natural Player|publisher=The Lincoln Daily Star|date=1915-01-10|accessdate=2007-12-19] Yost persuaded Maulbetsch to transfer, and he played with "the scrubs" in 1912. Yost told the press at the time he had "another (Willie) Heston" in Maulbetsch.cite news|title=Football Notes|publisher=The Janesville Daily Gazette (Wisc.)|date=1912-10-30|accessdate=2007-12-19]

1914 season

Maulbetsch did not play for the varsity team until the fall of 1914 when he was 24 years old. Before the season began, Maulbetsch was "touted as one of the fastest halfbacks who ever donned moleskins. He weighs 155 pounds, is built low, has a powerful pair of shoulders and his dashes are characterized by lightning speed."cite news|title=’We’ll Meet ‘Em At the Cross Roads,’ Says Hurry-Up Yost|publisher=The Galveston Daily News|date=1914-08-30|accessdate=2007-12-19] Another pre-season account said he was "a wonder as a line plunger and a wizard in the open field." [cite news|title=Results on the Gridiron: Michigan, 69, Case 0|publisher=The Fort Wayne Journal-Gazette|date=1914-10-04|accessdate=2007-12-19] From the outset, considerable attention was paid to his unusual running style. Observers noted "the peculiar manner in which he runs. . . . He has a corkscrew style of dashing, and even when tackled squarely has such a sturdy pair of legs that his assailant is usually carried back several yards."

Michigan opened the season with a 58–0 win over DePauw, followed by a 69–0 victory over Case Institute of Technology. Maulbetsch was the offensive star against Case, as he twice "carried several would-be tackles across the goal." [cite news|title=Western Football To Get Stiff Test When Michigan Meets Four Eastern Teams|publisher=The Fort Wayne Sentinel|date=1914-09-22|accessdate=2007-12-19] Playing Vanderbilt the following week, Maulbetsch had runs of 25 and 35 yards, scored two touchdowns, "was worked overtime and probably advanced the pigskin more than any two other players." [cite news|title=Vanderbilt Shows Splendid Fight|publisher=The Atlanta Constitution|date=1914-10-11|accessdate=2007-12-19] [cite news|title=Michigan Wins From Vanderbilt In Mud|publisher=The Galveston Daily News|date=1914-10-11|accessdate=2007-12-19] After starting the season 5–0, Michigan lost three of four games against top eastern schools -- Syracuse, Harvard, Penn, and Cornell.

1914 Harvard game

Maulbetsch’s breakthrough came on October 31, 1914, in front of 30,000 fans at Harvard. The game was one of the most anticipated matches of the year. A special train brought Michigan fans to city-state|Cambridge|Massachusetts, and hundreds of Michigan alumni from the East were on hand as "reinforcements."cite news|author=Runyon, Damon|title=Harvard Noses Out Michigan In Fast Game|publisher=The San Antonio Light|date=1914-11-01|accessdate=2007-12-19] Though Harvard prevailed, 7–0, Maulbetsch was the big story in papers across the country. Writers from Ring Lardner to Damon Runyon told the story of Maulbetsch’s performance. Lardner said: "If anyone tells you the East plays the best brand of football, Maulbetsch shot that theory full of holes." [cite web|title=John Maulbetsch|url= http://www.bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fballam/aamaulb.htm|publisher=The Regents of the University of Michigan |accessdate=2007-12-19] According to Runyon, the Wolverines used "the mighty Maulbetsch as their battering ram," and he "gained enough ground against Harvard to bury a German army corps." Football writer Frank Menke said: "No westerner ever created half the stir in the east as did this Michigander . . . His peculiar, baffling style of attack, backed by phenomenal strength almost always earned for him gains of 5 to 20 yards every time he was called upon to carry the ball." Another writer noted Maulbetsch’s skill as a "line breaker" as he "carried the ball repeatedly through the Harvard line and into the secondary defense with bullet-like rushes that upset tackler after tackler." [cite news|title=Harvard Defeats Michigan, 7 to 0|publisher=The Indianapolis Star|date=1914-11-01|accessdate=2007-12-19] Maulbetsch was responsible for four-fifths of Michigan’s ground gains, and on several occasions his dives reportedly "had so much power that he dove right through a double line of crimson players and went sprawling on the ground twelve to twenty feet clear of the double line."

While every report indicates that Maulbetsch had a big day, the accounts vary dramatically as to exactly how many yards he gained. Frank Menke reported after the game that Maulbetsch gained 300 yards. A 1938 newspaper account said he “gained 350 yards from scrimmage.”cite news|title=Do You Know? – Answers|publisher=Lowell Sun|date=1938-09-03|accessdate=2007-12-19] Yet, his 1951 obituary indicated he gained 133 yards in 30 attempts.cite news| title=Johnny Maulbetsch, All-Time Michigan Football Great, Dies|publisher=East Liverpool Review (Ohio)|date=1950-09-15|accessdate=2007-12-19]

Despite Maulbetsch’s efforts, Michigan was never able to punch the ball across the goal line. Many blamed Michigan’s quarterback who switched to another back every time after Maulbetsch "took the ball to the shadow of the Crimson goal posts." In answer to the question why Michigan was unable to score, Frank Menke said: "Ask the fellow who quarterbacked for Michigan that day. His actions were too mystifying for the spectators to figure out.”

When Harvard reneged on an agreement to play a game in Ann Arbor in 1915, sports writers concluded it was to avoid facing Maulbetsch again.cite news| title=Harvard Is Panned|publisher=Portsmouth Daily Times|date=1914-12-31|accessdate=2007-12-19] Said one reporter: "When faih Hahvahd [sic] saw what Maulbetsch did in the first clash, it decided it cared to see no more of him. He was too rough."

Human Bullet

Much of the attention on Maulbetsch focused on his diminutive size and unique running style. At Height|ft=5|in=7, and convert|155|lb|kg|abbr=on|lk=on, Maulbetsch was a small back, even by the standards of his day. And his running style saw him bend his torso and propel himself like a projectile into the opposing line. Indeed, he won several nicknames based on his size, running style, and fighting spirit, including the "Human Bullet," [cite news| title=’Human Bullet’ Tells How To Play Football|author=Maulbetsch, Johnny|publisher=The Fort Wayne Sentinel|date=1916-09-26|accessdate=2007-12-19] "Mauly," the "Human Shrapnel,"cite news|author=Menke, Frank G.|title=Maulbetsch will come into his own this year|publisher=The Times-Democrat (Lima, Ohio)|date=1916-11-08|accessdate=2007-12-19] the "Featherweight Fullback", the "Michigan Cannon Ball," [cite news|title=Michigan Cannon Ball Plays Piano: Maulbetsch of Gridiron Fame Learning Mysteries of Pianoforte so as to Dumfound his Enemies|publisher=New Castle News|date=1916-02-26|accessdate=2007-12-19] and the "German bullet." Comparisons of Maulbetsch to military armaments were common. In addition to the "bullet," "shrapnel," and "cannonball" nicknames, the "Syracuse Herald" observed: "Standing up in front of a Krupp gun has its dangers, but it is not to be compared with the dangers of standing in front of Maulbetsch when he is going full speed ahead." [cite news|author=Menke, Frank G.|title=Hot Liners|publisher=Syracuse Herald|date=1914-12-16|accessdate=2007-12-19]

Maulbetsch’s style was described as "line-plunging." A New York newspaper noted: "When the ball is snapped to him he almost doubles himself up, and, with his head aimed at the knees of the opposing line, he dives head first. Those who have seen Maulbetsch in action marvel at the great momentum he can get up in two or three steps."cite news|title=Maulbetsch, Michigan Halfback, Line Plunging Sensation of Season: Equal of ‘Human Bullet’ Has Not Been Seen In East For Ten Years – Credited With Four-Fifths of Gains Against Harvard – Hits Line Low|publisher=The Olean Evening Herald (N.Y.)|date=1915-11-29|accessdate=2007-12-19] Noted football writer Walter Eckersall said: "Mauly is a little fellow, being built close to the ground. They say that when he plunges at the line his head is almost on a level with his shoe tops – that he hits so low that it’s well nigh impossible to stop him." [cite news|author=Eckersall, Walter|title=Prettiest Play on An Eastern Gridiron|publisher=LeGrand Reporter (Iowa)|date=1914-12-18|accessdate=2007-12-19] An Iowa newspaper wondered how it was possible "for a man to smash into a line of human bodies with the force that Maulbetsch does and come out of the game without a broken neck." [cite news| title=Maulbetsch Grid Wonder of Season|publisher=Cedar Rapids Republican|date=1914-11-29|accessdate=2007-12-19]

Maulbetsch was said to run "so low that he could dash under an ordinary table without losing his feet."cite news| title=Sport News from the University of Michigan|publisher=The Bessemer Herald (Mich.)|date-1950-09-28|accessdate=2007-12-19] At a coaching conference in the 1920s, a coach doubted the table-ducking story and challenged Maulbetsch. The doubter later recalled: "I began ribbing him about this table-ducking stuff and finally offered to bet him he couldn’t do it. Well, we got a table up in a room, Johnny tucked a water pitcher under his arm and backed against the wall. Darned if he didn’t do it, the only thing, that water pitcher broke in a million pieces." Asked about the incident, Maulbetsch said it was true, except one part. Maulbetsch insisted there wasn’t a nick on the pitcher.

Maulbetsch makes All-American

After the loss to Harvard in 1914, Michigan rebounded with a 34–3 win over Penn. Walter Eckersall reported that the Wolverines were "led by the redoubtable Johnny Maulbetsch." Despite being "a marked man" by the Penn defense, he was not thrown for a loss in the entire game, and he scored three touchdowns.cite news|author=Eckersall, Walter|title=Pennsylvania Crumbles Before Yost’s Shifty Michigan Team: Johnnie Maulbetsch Leads Fighting Attack on Easterners and Wolverines Score Clean-Cut Victory, 34 to 3|publisher=The Indianapolis Star|date=1914-11-08|accessdate=2007-12-19] Before Michigan lost to Cornell in the final game of the season, a scandal arose when it was revealed that the owner of an Ann Arbor pool room, Joe Reinger, had written a letter intimating that he could buy Maulbetsch and Michigan’s quarterback to throw the Cornell game, and win $50,000 from students willing to bet on Michigan.cite news|title=Michigan Students Revenge Insults|publisher=Xenia Daily Gazette (Ohio)|date=1914-11-11|accessdate=2007-12-19] The letter was turned in to the Michigan athletic officials, and Reinger went to the athletic office "to try to hush the matter up." Reinger became abusive and was thrown out of the office by Coach Yost. The incident caused "the biggest stir of the season on the campus," as students demolished Reinger’s pool room, and police had to guard Reinger’s residence against threatening demonstrations that continued to "a late hour." Although Michigan did lose to Cornell, Maulbetsch was said to be "practically the only successful ground gainer for Michigan." [cite news|title=Cornell 28; Michigan 13|publisher=Waterloo Times-Tribune|date=1914-11-15|accessdate=2007-12-19] Over the course of the 1914 season, Maulbetsch was said to have scored about half of Michigan’s 252 points. [cite news|author=Menke, Frank|title=Michigan’s Queer Season: Lost More Games Than Ever Before|publisher=Fort Wayne News|date=1914-12-22|accessdate=2007-12-19] A Wisconsin newspaper noted that, "when it comes time to write a resume of the 1914 football season," Maulbetsch’s play "will live in the minds of men . . . for years to come." [cite news| title=Maulbetsch, Marvelous Michigan Player|publisher=Racine Journal-News|date=1914-11-14|accessdate=2007-12-19] As a reward for his efforts, Maulbetsch was named a first-team All-American at the end of the 1914 season. [cite web|title=Walter Camp Football Foundation All-Americans|url=http://mgoblue.com/football/article.aspx?id=40320]

Pie and coffee diet

As public attention focused on Maulbetsch as "the greatest line-plunger of a decade," the press could not get enough of Maulbetsch, even interviewing his family. His sister revealed that Maulbetsch had a fondness for home cooking and received permission from the team trainer to eat at his family’s Ann Arbor home. "Now, Johnny’s sister explains that each day his mother baked two pies for the athlete’s supper, and that in addition he had everything else his appetite craved, including coffee."cite news| title=Some Fodder: Maulbetsch Played Football on a Pie Diet|publisher=The Fort Wayne News|date=1914-11-28|accessdate=2007-12-19] [cite news| title=Maulbetsch Trains on Pie and Cake|publisher=Bismarck Daily Tribune|date=1914-11-18|accessdate=2007-12-19] [cite news| title=Horrors! Maulbetsch Ate Pie in Training|publisher=Syracuse Herald|date=1914-11-18|accessdate=2007-12-19] Confronted by reporters about the revelation, Maulbetsch replied: "The story was slightly exaggerated. I rarely ate more than one and one half pies for dinner." [cite news| title=Maulbetsch Spikes Rumor|publisher=The McKean Democrat (Penn.)|date=1915-01-28|accessdate=2007-12-19] Joking references to Maulbetsch’s diet continued when it was reported in 1915 that he was suffering from "acute indigestion." One reporter quipped, “Those much advertised pies of his maw’s evidently aren’t as great training dope as they were cracked up to be."cite news| title=untitled article, page 6, column 1|publisher=Janesville Daily Gazette|date=1915-04-19|accessdate=2007-12-19] It turned out that the indigestion was appendicitis, and Maulbetsch was hospitalized at St. Joseph’s Sanitarium in Ann Arbor in April 1915, where he underwent an operation. [cite news| title=Maulbetsch Out of Hospital After Operation|publisher=Wisconsin State Journal|date=1915-04-28|accessdate=2007-12-19]

1915 season

As the 1915 season was set to get underway, Coach Yost reported, "Johnny told me he was feeling fine when I saw him recently, although he doesn’t weigh as much as he used to." [cite news| title=’Hurry Up’ Yost Is Out With Bear Story: Five Stars Upon Whom He Was Depending Have Scholastic Deficiencies|publisher=Mansfield News (Ohio)|date=1915-08-17|accessdate=2007-12-19] Despite Yost's hopes, Maulbetsch fell far short of the prior year’s performance in 1915. He was several pounds lighter after the illness and surgery, and it was noted that "a few pounds means much to a man of Maulbetsch’s weight." [cite news| title=Michigan’s Football Player Operated On|publisher=The Ogden Standard|date=1916-08-26|accessdate=2007-12-19] In the opening game against Lawrence, Maulbetsch scored three touchdowns, but he was "woefully weak on interference." [cite news| title=Lawrence Holds Michigan Better: Wolverines Put Up A Ragged Game and Methodists Are Able To Hold Them To 39–0 Score|publisher=Racine Journal-News|date=1915-10-07|accessdate=2007-12-19] Playing against Mt. Union, Maulbetsch made several big gains, including a 50-yard touchdown run in the third quarter. [cite news| title=Mount Union Loses: Finds Michigan Much Improved Team, Losing Game 35 to 0|publisher=The Sandusky Register|date=1915-10-10|accessdate=2007-12-19] His difficulties returned in the season’s third game against Marietta, as "Maulbetsch was powerless to stop the Marietta forward pass, all of the successful ones being directed toward his side of the line." [cite news| title=Marietta Scores on Michigan in 28-6 Game|publisher=The Evening Gazette (Cedar Rapids, Iowa)|date=1915-10-14|accessdate=2007-12-19]

After "The Michigan Daily" criticized his performance following the Marietta game, Maulbetsch "threatened to desert the Michigan squad and give up football for good." [cite news| title=Maulbetsch Threatens To Quit Wolverines|publisher=Racine Journal-News|date=1915-10-16|accessdate=2007-12-19] It reportedly took Yost several hours to coax Maulbetsch to report for practice again, [cite news|title=Punts and Passes|publisher=Syracuse Herald|date=1915-10-22|accessdate=2007-12-19] and in the next game against Case, Maulbetsch did not play until the third quarter. [cite news| title=Michigan 14; Case 3|publisher=Cedar Rapids Republican|date=1915-10-17|accessdate=2007-12-19] In the season’s first big game, Michigan was soundly beaten by Michigan Agricultural College, 24–0, and most of Maulbetsch’s runs "didn’t even get as far as his own line." [cite news| title=Michigan Aggies Whip Wolverines|publisher=The Lincoln Daily Star|date=1915-10-24|accessdate=2007-12-19] In the final four games of the season, matters got worse for Michigan and Maulbetsch, as the team went 0–3–1, scoring only 14 points in four games.

In Maulbetsch’s defense, some writers noted the weakness of the Michigan line, often allowing rushers into the backfield before Maulbetsch even had the ball. But some of those same observers noted that "Mauly" was not carrying the ball "at his usual pace." [cite news| title=Wolverines Expect To Defeat Cornell: After Only Mediocre Season, Michigan May Show Real Form in Big Game|publisher=The Lincoln Daily Star|date=1915-10-24|accessdate=2007-12-19] Sports writer Frank Menke described Maulbetsch's 1915 performance this way: " [The] Wolverine halfback skidded from the heights of greatness to the level of mediocre. . . . The lines that he had crumpled like eggshells a year before stood up under his charges, often dumping him back for losses. The once 'unstoppable' Maulbetsch not only was stopped but forced to retract." Despite the subpar performance in 1915, Michigan’s varsity letter-winners elected him captain of the team for 1916. [cite news| title=Maulbetsch Is Honored|publisher=The Indianapolis Star|date=1915-11-25|accessdate=2007-12-19]

1916 comeback

Maulbetsch made a strong comeback in 1916. Instead of spending the summer recovering from appendicitis, he spent the summer working as an assistant barkeeper on a steamship plying between city-state|Chicago|Illinois and city-state|St. Joseph|Michigan. Maulbetsch spent his afternoons swimming and running sprints up and down the beach. [cite news| title=’Mauly’ Trains As Barkeep On Boat|publisher=Des Moines Daily News|date=1915-07-30|accessdate=2007-12-19] On one trip, a giant coal passer claimed to be the strongest man in the world, and Maulbetsch agreed to a wrestling match on the boat. "The coal passer rushed the stripling, who ducked, caught his opponent about the waist and crushed him to the deck. When the giant woke, he wanted to know if the boat hit a rock." [cite news| title=Johnny Maulbetsch Trains On Great Lake Vessel|publisher=Janesville Daily Gazette (Wisc.)|date=1916-09-29|accessdate=2007-12-19] As the season started, "The New York Times" wrote: "Michigan's come-back football team, headed by Bullet Maulbetsch, is going to be an eleven to be reckoned with on the gridiron this Fall." [cite news| title=Michigan Gains Strength; Yost's Eleven, with Capt. Maulbetsch, Is Striving for Supremacy|publisher=The New York Times|date=1916-10-02|accessdate=2007-12-19] Maulbetsch returned to his prior form, and one of the writers who had criticized him in 1915 said "the great Michigander using the same method of attack, has repeatedly broken in fragments this year the lines that he couldn’t dent in 1915."

Professional football

After the 1916 football season ended, Maulbetsch considered his options. There was a report that he had been engaged as a high school football coach (and math instructor) in city-state|Toledo|Ohio. [cite news| title=Michigan Gains Strength; Yost's Eleven, with Capt. Maulbetsch, Is Striving for Supremacy|publisher=The New York Times|date=1916-10-02|accessdate=2007-12-19] Even more prevalent were reports that he had signed to play for a professional football team. Professional football was still in its infancy in 1917, and landing a well-known star would have been a boost to any of the budding franchises. In January 1917 newspapers reported that Maulbetsch had signed a contract to play professional football for Detroit Tigers owner, Frank Navin. Navin was supporting efforts to organize a professional football league in all the important Midwestern cities, including a city-state|Detroit|Michigan franchise to play at Navin Field. [cite news|title=Maulbetsch To Be A Pro?|publisher=Syracuse Herald|publisher=The New York Times|date=1916-10-02|accessdate=2007-12-19] [cite news|title=Pro Football Big Factor in 1917|publisher=Racine Journal-News|date=1917-01-06|accessdate=2007-12-19] As late as November 1917, newspapers reported Maulbetsch had played professional football after graduating and was offered “a handsome fee” to play with the Akron Burkhardts in November 1917. [cite news|title=Maulbetsch in Toledo|publisher=Portsmouth Daily Times (Ohio)|date=1917-02-27|accessdate=2007-12-19] Although professional football records prior to 1920 are scarce, it appears unlikely that Maulbetsch played professional football, as press accounts show he was working as a college football coach starting in 1917.

Head football coach

Building Phillips University into a football power (1917–1920)

In June 1917, Maulbetsch announced that he had accepted a position as the football coach (and professor of chemistry) at Phillips University in city-state|Enid|Oklahoma. [cite news| title=Maulbetsch Is Married|publisher=Syracuse Herald|date=1917-06-29|accessdate=2007-12-19] Phillips was a small, private school without a well-known athletic program. In the fall, Enid residents were "leaving their work every afternoon to watch [Maulbetsch] and his husky young Oklahoma youths work out on campus."cite news| title=Maulbetsch Makes Big Hit|publisher=Maurice Times (Iowa)|date=1917-09|accessdate=2007-12-19] Within a year, Maulbetsch turned Phillips into one of the strongest teams in the southwest.

Maulbetsch landed his first big recruit before leaving Ann Arbor. While playing at Michigan, Maulbetsch became friends with Doug Roby, a football player at the Michigan Military Academy, and one of the state’s top recruits. Roby followed Maulbetsch to Phillips and later went on to become a member of the International Olympic Committee in the 1950s and 1960s and president of the United States Olympic Committee from 1965-1968. Maulbetsch’s next find was future Pro Football Hall of Famer Steve Owen, who later spent 23 years with the New York Giants. Maulbetsch saw Owen watching football practice from under a tree and told him: "A fellow your size ought to be out for the squad." Owen showed up the next day and, when Maulbetsch used him to illustrate blocking fundamentals, Owen threw a block into Maulbetsch that threw him five yards through the air. Maulbetsch was satisfied, and Owen had a spot on the team.cite news|author=Baillie, Scott|title=Grid Old-Timer Steve Owen OK’s Modern Methods: Mass Substitution, Wide-Open Play ‘Beautiful’|publisher=Nevada State Journal|date=1951-09-30|accessdate=2007-12-19] Because Phillips was not part of a conference, it was not subject to any eligibility limitations, an advantage Maulbetsch was accused of exploiting. A third key player recruited by Maulbetsch was an Native American halfback named Levi, and dubbed "Big Chief" by Phillips fans.cite news|title= Longhorns Play Phillips Today |publisher=San Antonio Express|date=1922-10-07|accessdate=2007-12-19]

Having recruited top talent to Enid, Maulbetsch’s teams lost only one game in 1918 and 1919, including a 10–0–1 record in 1919. In 1917 and 1918, Phillips came into the limelight when they beat the Oklahoma Sooners and the Henry Kendricks College team that had swept the west without allowing another team to score. [cite news|title=A New Fore in Football: Texas University Will Meet Phillips University in Austin|publisher=Corsicana Daily|date=1919-10-10|accessdate=2007-12-19] Maulbetsch arranged a game against the Texas Longhorns in 1919, the first meeting between the schools. When the game was announced "The San Antonio Light" reported: "Phillips University has one of the strongest teams in the Southwest. The only team to beat them in the past two years is Oklahoma and last year Phillips beat the Sooners 13–7."cite news|title=Longhorns to Play Phillips Uni. October 11th|publisher=San Antonio Evening News|date=1919-09-13|accessdate=2007-12-19] The report credited Maulbetsch for securing success at an institution little known in athletics before he arrived. The University of Texas had not lost a game since 1917 when the Phillips "Haymakers" arrived in city-state|Austin|Texas on October 11, 1919. Maulbetsch’s team shocked the Longhorns, holding them scoreless and winning the contest, 10–0. [cite news|title=Texas, Unable to Score, Bows to Haymakers, Phillips University Blanks Longhorns on Muddy Field 10 to 0|publisher=San Antonio Light|date=1919-10-12|accessdate=2007-12-19] One Texas newspaper reported that Phillips had "whitewashed the Longhorns in their own corral." [cite news|title=College Elevens Busy Today|publisher=The Galveston Daily News|date=1919-11-08|accessdate=2007-12-19]

Others in Texas concluded that Phillips’ success was the result of lax or non-existent eligibility policies. [cite news|title=Texas-Sooner Game Decisive In Conference|publisher=San Antonio Light|date=1919-10-17|accessdate=2007-12-19] The lack of eligibility rules almost certainly did play a part in Phillips’ success. When Phillips joined the Southwest Conference in 1920, it became bound by the conference’s eligibility rules, and the team was outscored 97–0 in conference play against Texas A&M (47–0), Texas (27–0), Arkansas (20–0), and Texas Christian (3–0). "The Galveston Daily News" noted that Maulbetsch’s 1920 team could not "compare with the strong team" he surprised Texas with in 1919. [cite news|title= Longhorns Defeat Phillips College: Visitors Are Outclassed In Every Department Of Game |publisher=The Galveston Daily News|date=1920-11-06|accessdate=2007-12-19] At the end of the 1920 season, Phillips withdrew from the Southwest Conference, and Maulbetsch accepted a new position at Oklahoma A&M.

Head coach at Oklahoma A&M (1921-1928)

In January 1921, Maulbetsch was hired as the head coach at Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Oklahoma State) in city-state|Stillwater|Oklahoma. [cite news|title=Maulbetsch Named Oklahoma Mentor|publisher=The Atlanta Constitution |date=1921-01-16|accessdate=2007-12-19] He served as the coach at Oklahoma A&M from 1921–1928, where his teams posted a 28–37–6 (.437) record.cite web|title=Oklahoma State Cowboy Football 2006 Season: Year-By-Year Results|url=http://www.okstate.com/pdf4/39213.pdf?ATCLID=157313&SPSID=1423&SPID=143&DB_OEM_ID=200] In 1924, his team went 6–1–2 and shut out Oklahoma (6–0), Arkansas (20–0) and Kansas (3–0). Maulbetsch’s Aggies also shut out Phillips that year, 13–0. After the season, attempts were made to lure him to Washington University in city-state|St. Louis|Missouri, but Maulbetsch said he was satisfied with his position in Stillwater. [cite news| title=Oklahoma Aggie Coach In Demand: Maulbetsch, Former Michigan Star, Wanted by Washington University – Bo McMillan Considered|publisher=Nebraska State Journal|date=1924-12-26|accessdate=2007-12-19]

Maulbetsch arranged a game in Ann Arbor against his alma mater to start the 1926 season. [cite news|title=Maulbetsch's Team To Play At Michigan: Yost Gives Complete Schedule at Kiwanis Dinner|publisher=Ironwood Daily Globe|date=1925-12-09] Michigan beat the Aggies, 42–3. Despite an overall record of 3–4–1, Oklahoma A&M won its first conference football championship by going 3–0–1 in games against Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association opponents. Maulbetsch also drew attention in 1926 for his disciplinary methods. When the team lost two games due to fumbles, he ordered eight of his backfield players to carry footballs with them to classes throughout the week and instructed other team members to try knocking the balls from under their arms. The penalty for losing a ball was “a hard run around the stadium.”cite news| title=Coach Punishes Football Squad For Fumbling|publisher=Iowa City Press-Citizen|date=1926-10-28|accessdate=2007-12-19] He also ordered one of his ends to wear boxing gloves after he poked an opposing player in the eye.

The Aggies won only one game against seven defeats in 1928. In late November, the day after a 46–0 loss to Oklahoma, newspapers reported that "reliable sources" had said Maulbetsch intended to resign. [cite news| title=Maulbetsch To Resign As Grid Mentor?|publisher=The Amarillo Globe|date=1928-11-26|accessdate=2007-12-19] [cite news| title=Maulbetsch To Resign-Rumor|publisher=The Galveston Daily News|date=1928-11-26|accessdate=2007-12-19] Maulbetsch immediately denied the rumor, saying: "I have not resigned. I am aware that a faction here is trying to get me out, but I do not intend to throw up the sponge." [cite news| title=Maulbetsch Denies Rumor That He Will Quit Job|publisher=The Ada Evening News (Okla.)|date=1928-11-26|accessdate=2007-12-19] In December, pressure to fire Maulbetsch grew, and one Oklahoma newspaper observed: "Coach Maulbetsch of the A. & M. football team is the object of attacks from many sides because of the rather poor showing made by his team during the past season. They are looking for a goat and just now Johnnie is cast in that role. Regardless of his past record, those who demand victory at any price and by any means whatsoever, are insisting that he be fired forthwith and a man be placed in the position who, by fair means or foul, will gather in a team that will win victories and never lose a game." [cite news| title=For A Better Understanding|publisher=The Ada Evening News|date=1928-12-03|accessdate=2007-12-19] Ultimately, Maulbetsch resigned at the end of May 1929 as Oklahoma A&M’s coach in football, baseball, and basketball. It was announced that he would spend the remaining year of his contract on a leave of absence at half pay. [cite news|title=Oklahoma Aggies Coach To Retire|publisher=Waterloo Evening Courier|date=1929-05-21|accessdate=2007-12-19]

Head coach at Marshall College (1929–1930)

In July 1929, Maulbetsch was hired by Marshall College in city-state|Huntington|West Virginia to become head coach in charge of football and track. [cite news| title=A. & M. Athletic Director Goes To New College|publisher=The Amarillo Globe|date=1929-07-15|accessdate=2007-12-19] When Marshall’s "Thundering Herd" got off to a 4–1 start, Maulbetsch won praise in the West Virginia press, [cite news| title=Maulbetsch Having Success With Marshall This Season: New Coach At Huntington Has Lost Only One Game Since He Took Over Reins From Tallman; Strong Penn State Eleven Proved Too Much|publisher=Charleston Daily Mail|date=1929-11-14|accessdate=2007-12-19] but Marshall finished the season 1–2–1 in the second half. And in 1930, the Marshall team went 3–5–1, including a 65–0 loss to Penn State. Maulbetsch resigned as Marshall's coach in January 1931; his only comment at the time was that he had "other plans." [cite news| title=Ex-All-American Quits Marshall College|publisher=The Coshcocton Tribune (Ohio)|date=1931-01-16|accessdate=2007-12-19]

Later years and legacy

After retiring from football, Maulbetsch bought a drug store in city-state|Huntington|West Virginia. During World War II, Maulbetsch took a job building B-24 Liberator bombers at Ford Motor Company’s famed Willow Run Plant near city-state|Ypsilanti|Michigan. From 1946 until his death, he owned an automobile sales company in city-state|Adrian|Michigan. Maulbetsch died of cancer in 1950 at his home in Ann Arbor. He was survived by his widow, Ida, a son John Maulbetsch, and a daughter Barbara. Maulbetsch had been married to Ida (maiden name Ida Elizabeth Catton) since May 27, 1917.

Maulbetsch was inducted posthumously into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1973. Since 1956, the John F. Maulbetsch Award has been given at the University of Michigan after spring practice to a freshman football candidate on the basis of desire, character, capacity for leadership and future success both on and off the football field. The award was established by Frederick C. Matthaei – a former classmate of Maulbetsch who went on to become a Regent of the University. [cite web|title=John F. Maulbetsch Award|url=http://www.mgoblue.com/football/article.aspx?id=40190|publisher=University of Michigan & Host Interactive|date=2007|accessdate=2007-12-19] The award has been a good indicator of future success, as past recipients include Jim Mandich (1967), Rick Leach (1976), Charles Woodson (1996), Marlin Jackson (2002), and Jake Long (2004).

References

External links

* [http://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fballam/aamaulb.htm Bentley Library Photograph and Biography of Maulbetsch]
* [http://www.collegefootball.org/famersearch.php?id=10056 College Football Hall of Fame Profile on Johnny Maulbetsch]

Persondata
NAME=John Maulbetsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=Johnny Maulbetsch
SHORT DESCRIPTION=American football player
DATE OF BIRTH= June 29, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH= Ann Arbor, Michigan
DATE OF DEATH= September 19, 1950
PLACE OF DEATH= Ann Arbor, Michigan