Delta-cadinene synthase

Delta-cadinene synthase
(+)-delta-cadinene synthase
Identifiers
EC number 4.2.3.13
CAS number 166800-09-5
Databases
IntEnz IntEnz view
BRENDA BRENDA entry
ExPASy NiceZyme view
KEGG KEGG entry
MetaCyc metabolic pathway
PRIAM profile
PDB structures RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology AmiGO / EGO

In enzymology, a (+)-delta-cadinene synthase (EC 4.2.3.13) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate \rightleftharpoons (+)-delta-cadinene + diphosphate

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate, and two products, (+)-delta-cadinene and diphosphate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing, (+)-delta-cadinene-forming). This enzyme participates in terpenoid biosynthesis. It employs one cofactor, magnesium.

Delta-cadinene synthase, a sesquiterpene cyclase, is an enzyme expressed in plants that catalyzes a cyclization reaction in terpenoid biosynthesis. The enzyme cyclizes farnesyl diphosphate to delta-cadinene and releases pyrophosphate.

Delta-cadinene synthase is one of the key steps in the synthesis of gossypol, a toxic terpenoid produced in cotton seeds. Recently, cotton plants that stably underexpress the enzyme in seeds have been developed using RNA interference techniques, producing a plant that had been proposed as a rich source of dietary protein for developing countries.[1]

External links

References

  1. ^ Sunilkumar G, Campbell L, Puckhaber L, Stipanovic R, Rathore K (2006). "Engineering cottonseed for use in human nutrition by tissue-specific reduction of toxic gossypol". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103 (48): 18054-9. doi:10.1073/pnas.0605389103 PMID 17110445
  • Chen XY, Chen Y, Heinstein P, Davisson VJ (1995). "Cloning, expression, and characterization of (+)-delta-cadinene synthase: a catalyst for cotton phytoalexin biosynthesis". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 324 (2): 255–66. doi:10.1006/abbi.1995.0038. PMID 8554317. 
  • Davis EM, Tsuji J, Davis GD, Pierce ML, Essenberg M (1996). "Purification of (+)-delta-cadinene synthase, a sesquiterpene cyclase from bacteria-inoculated cotton foliar tissue". Phytochemistry. 41 (4): 1047–55. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(95)00771-7. PMID 8728715. 
  • Davis GD, Essenberg M (1995). "(+)-delta-Cadinene is a product of sesquiterpene cyclase activity in cotton". Phytochemistry 39 (3): 553–567. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(95)00067-H. 


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