- John Rudolphus Booth
John Rudolphus Booth (
April 5 ,1827 –December 8 ,1925 ) was a Canadianlumber andrailway baron. He controlled logging rights for large tracts of forest land in centralOntario , and built a railway (theCanada Atlantic Railway fromOttawa through toGeorgian Bay to extract his logs; and fromOttawa through toVermont to exportlumber andgrain to theUnited States andEurope .Early life
J. R. Booth was born on a farm at Lowes near Waterloo (Shefford County) in the
Eastern Townships ofQuebec . His parents, John and Eleanor Rowley Booth, Irish immigrants, had a number of children (variously reported as 5, 6 and 8). J. R. Booth left the family farm at the age of 21 and got a job as acarpenter with theCentral Vermont Railroad . [Allan Bell, "A Way to the West" (Barrie, Ont.: privately published, 1991), p. 3. [http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=7900 |"Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online"] ]In 1852 he married Rosalinda Cook and moved to the Ottawa valley. His first business venture was a machine shop in Hull, Quebec which later burned down. He then opened a successful shingle factory. Later he accumulated enough money to lease (then buy) a small
sawmill near theChaudière Falls . He established his own lumber company and won the contract to supply wood for theParliament buildings at the new Canadian capital inOttawa, Ontario , selected by Queen Victoria in 1858. [Bell, p. 5.]Harvesting timber from the upper Ottawa River and its tributaries, Booth expanded his timber limits into the
Lake Nipissing region in 1881. In order to reach his Ottawa mills, Booth constructed a five and a half mile railway to carry sawlogs over the portage from Lake Nipissing to the headwaters of the Mattawa.In 1867, he purchased, at a very reasonable price, the timber rights of John Egan's 250 square miles of pine on the Madawaks River in what is now
Algonquin Park . For the next 50 years Booth harvested this land as well as other extensive tracts in northern and central Ontario. Often going there in his own private Railcar, and working beside his men during the day and on business affairs most of the night, seldom sleeping for more than a few hours. [Bell, p. 5.]Building an empire
Booth's vision and boldness were qualities that made him a success. By 1892, he was the largest lumber producer in the world. He built Canada's largest sawmill in Ottawa, and very early on established a planing mill and offices in the United States. Fire was a constant threat to his mills, and they burnt down in 1893, 1886, 1900 and 1903. (Much of Booth's personal and business records were lost at these times.) Half of the mills'output was shipped to
England ; the rest to theUnited States and throughout Canada. [Bell, p. 8.] White pine from Booth's lumber yards was used to build the decks on the ocean liners of theCunard Line .In 1879 he established the
Canada Atlantic Railway (an amalgamation of the Montreal and City of Ottawa Junction Railway [Statutes of Canada, 34 Victoria, chap. 47 (14 April 1871).] and the Coteau and Province Line Railway and Bridge Company) [Statutes of Canada, 35 Victoria, chap. 83 (14 June 1872).] to carry his logs from CentralOntario toOttawa , and his lumber fromOttawa to the States. In 1890, he completed theCanada Atlantic Railway connecting Ottawa to theUnited States . He even built a railway bridge across the St. Lawrence River at Coteau Landing (1888-1890) to move his lumber faster than crossing the river on barges. [Bell, pp. 38-40.] By 1896, hisOttawa, Arnprior & Parry Sound Railway (later amalgamated into the Canada Atlantic Railway) ran from Depot Harbour onGeorgian Bay through southernAlgonquin Park to Ottawa.Booth also operated
grain elevator s andsteamship s on theGreat Lakes , acement company and a pulp and paper mill. In 1904, he sold his railway to theGrand Trunk Railway (later incorporated into theCanadian National Railways . [Bell, p. 160.]J.R. Booth continued to run his business empire well into his nineties. He died in 1925 at the age of 98 after being ill for several months.
Notes
ee also
*
Booth House
*Fleck/Paterson House External links
* [http://www.pastforward.ca/perspectives/Oct_272000.htm A closer look at lumber baron J.R. Booth]
* [http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=7900 Biography at the "Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online"]
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