- El Hiba
el-Hiba (alt. el-Hibeh; Arabic الحيبة) is the modern name of the ancient Egyptian city of Tayu-djayet ("t3yw-ḏ3yt"), an ancient nickname meaning "their walls" in reference to the massive enclosure walls built on the site. [cite book| last=Kitchen |first=Ken | title=The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt (1100-650 BC), 2nd edition|publisher=Aris & Phillips Ltd. |location=Warminster, England| page= 269 |year=1986 |isbn=0856682985] In Coptic it was known as "Teudjo", and during the
Graeco-Roman Period, it was called Ankyronpolis. In antiquity, the city was located in the 18th Upper Egyptian nome, and today it is found in theBani Suwayf governorate.From the late 20th Dynasty to the 22nd Dynasty, al-Hibah was a frontier town, marking the division of the country between the s of
Amun at Thebes and the kings of Egypt at Tanis. A massive enclosure wall was built at the site, with bricks stamped with the names of the High PriestsPinedjem I andMenkheperre . Earlier, the High PriestHerihor also lived and operated from al-Hibah. During the 22nd Dynasty, kingShoshenq I built a temple dedicated to "Amun-Great-of-Roarings" at the site, complete with a topographical list of cities captured during his "First Campaign of Victory" inPalestine ; the temple is also decorated by his son,Osorkon I .References
*Daressy, Georges. 1901. "Le temple de Hibeh." "Annales du Service des Antiquités de l’Égypte" 2:154–156.
*Feucht, Erika. 1978. "Zwei Reliefs Scheshonqs I. aus el Hibeh." "Studien zur altägyptischen Kultur" 6:69–77.
*Ranke, Hermann, ed. 1926. "Koptische Friedhöfe bei Karâra und der Amontempel Scheschonks I. bei el Hibe: Bericht über den badischen Grabungen in Ägypten in den Wintern 1913 und 1914". Berlin and Leipzig: Walter de Gruyter & Co.
*Wainwright, Geoffrey Avery. 1927. "El Hibah and esh Shurafa and Their Connection with Herakleopolis and Cusæ." "Annales du Service des Antiquités de l’Égypte" 27:76–104.
*Wenke, Robert J. 1984. "Archaeological Investigations at el-Hibeh 1980: Preliminary Report". American Research Center in Egypt Reports: Preliminary and Final Reports of Archaeological Excavations in Egypt from Prehistoric to Medieval Times 9. Malibu: Undena PublicationsExternal links
* [http://neareastern.berkeley.edu/hibeh/index.htm U.C. Berkeley Excavations at El Hibeh]
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