HP 9000

HP 9000

HP 9000 is the name for a line of workstation and server computer systems produced by the Hewlett-Packard (HP) company. The HP 9000 brand was introduced in 1984 to encompass several existing technical workstations models previously launched in the early 1980s.

History

The first HP 9000 models comprised the HP 9000 Series 200 and Series 500 ranges. These were rebadged existing models, the Series 200 including various Motorola 68000-based workstations such as the HP 9826 and HP 9836, and the Series 500 using HP's FOCUS microprocessor architecture introduced in the HP 9020 workstation. These were followed by the HP 9000 Series 300 and Series 400 workstations which also used 68k-series processors. From the mid-1980s onwards, HP started to switch over to its own proprietary PA-RISC design, for the Series 600, 700, 800, and later lines. More recent models use either PA-RISC or the successor HP/Intel IA-64 (Itanium 2) architecture.

All of the HP 9000 line run various versions of the HP-UX operating system, except earlier Series 200 models, which ran standalone applications. HP released the Series 400, also known as the Apollo 400, after acquiring Apollo Computer in 1989. These models had the ability to run either HP-UX or Apollo's Domain/OS.

From the early 1990s onwards, HP replaced the HP 9000 "Series" numbers with an alphabetical "Class" nomenclature. In 2001, HP again changed the naming scheme for their HP 9000 servers. The A-class systems were renamed as the rp2400s, the L-class became the rp5400s, and the N-class the rp7400s. The 'rp' prefix signified a PA-RISC architecture, while 'rx' was used for IA-64-based systems, later rebranded HP Integrity.

On 30 April 2008, HP announced end of sales for the HP 9000. The last order date for HP 9000 systems is scheduled for 31 December 2008 and the last ship date is scheduled for 1 April 2009. The last order date for new HP 9000 options will be December 31, 2009, with a last ship date of 1 April 2010. HP intends to support these systems through to 2013, with possible extensions.

Workstation models

*"Series 200" — 216 (HP 9816), 217 (HP 9817), 220 (HP 9920), 226 (HP 9826), 236 (HP 9836), 237 (HP 9837)
*"Series 300" — 310, 318, 319, 320, 322, 330, 332, 340, 345, 350, 360, 362, 370, 375, 380, 382, 385
*"Series 400 (HP Apollo 9000 Series 400)" — 400dl, 400s, 400t, 425dl, 425e, 425s, 425t, 433dl,433s, 433t
*"Series 500" — 520 (HP 9020), 530 (HP 9030), 540 (HP 9040), 550, 560
*"Series 600" — 635SV, 645SV
*"Series 700" — 705, 710, 712, 715, 720, 725, 730, 735, 742, 743, 744, 745, 747, 748, 750, 755
*"B-class" — B132L, B160L, B132L+, B180L, B1000, B2000, B2600
*"C-class" — C100, C110, C132L, C160, C160L, C180, C180L, C180XP, C200, C240, C360, C3000, C3600, C3650, C3700, C3750, C8000
*"J-class" — J200, J210, J210XC, J280, J282, J2240, J5000, J5600, J6000, J6700, J6750, J7000

eries 200

The Series 200 workstations originated before there were any "Series" at HP. The first model was the HP 9826A, followed by the HP 9836A. Later, a color version of the 9836 (9836C) was introduced. There was also a rack-mount version, the HP 9920A. These were all based on the Motorola 68000 chip. There were 'S' versions of the models that included memory bundled in. When HP-UX was included as an OS, there was a 'U' version of the 9836s and 9920 that used the 68012 processor. The model numbers included the letter 'U' (9836U, 9836CU, and 9920U). Later versions of the Series 200's included the 9816, 9817, and 9837. These systems were soon renamed as the HP Series 200 line, before being renamed again as part HP 9000 family, the HP 9000 Series 200.

The was also a "portable" version of the Series 200 called the Integral. The official model was the HP9807. This machine was about the size of a portable sewing machine, contained a MC68000 processor, ROM based HP-UX, 3 1/2 inch floppy drive, inkjet printer, a keyboard, mouse, and a plasma display. It was not battery powered, and unlike the other Series 200's that were manufactured in Fort Collins, CO, it was manufactured in Corvallis, OR.

eries 300/400

The Series 300 workstations were based around Motorola 68000-series processors, ranging from the 68010 (Model 310) to the 68040 (Model 38x). The Series 400 were intended to supersede the Apollo/Domain workstations and were also based on the 68030/040. They were branded "HP Apollo" and added Apollo Domain/OS compatibility. The suffix 's' and 't' used on the Series 400 represented "Side" (as in Desk side) and "Tower" model. The last 2 digits of the Series 400 originally was the clock frequency of the processor in MHz (e.g. 433 was 33MHz). At introduction, the Series 400 had a socket for the MC68040, but since they were not available at the time, an emulator card with an MC68030 and additional circuitry was installed. Customers who purchased systems were given a guaranteed upgrade price of $5,000USD to the MC68040, when they became available. The Series 300 and 400 shared the same I/O interface as the Series 200.

eries 500

The Series 500s started out as the HP 9020, HP 9030, and HP 9040. They were renamed the HP Series 500 Model 20, 30, and 40 shortly after introduction, and later renamed again as the HP 9000 Model 520, 530 and 540. The 520 was a complete workstation with built-in keyboard, display, 5 1/4 inch floppy disk, and optional thermal printer and 5 MB hard disk. The 520 could run BASIC or HP-UX and there were three different models based on the displays attached (two color and one monochrome). The 530 was a rackmount version of the Series 500, could only run HP-UX, and used a serial interface console. The 540 was a 530 mounted inside a cabinet, similar to the disk drives offered at the time and included a serial MUX. Later models of the Series 500s were the 550 and 560, which had a completely different chassis and could be connected to graphics processors. The processors in the original Series 500s ran at 20 MHz, and could reach a benchmark speed of 1 MIPS (Million Instructions Per Second), equivalent to a VAX 11/750 (the benchmark "standard" at the time).

eries 700

The Series 700 started with the "Snakes" workstations, the 705, 710, 720, 730 and 750. They were based on the PA-7000 processor and had an NCR 53C700 SCSI controller for their onboard SCSI.

They were superseded by the 715/33, 715/50, 715/75, 725/50, 725/75, 735/99, 735/125, 755/99 and 755/125, which used a PA-7100 processor. The number after the / provides an indication of processor clock speed.

Increasing integration led to the introduction of the 712/60, 712/80, 712/80i, 712/100, 715/64, 715/80, 715/100, 715/100 XC and 725/100 workstations. These use the PA-7100LC CPU and the Lasi ASIC, connected by the GSC bus. The Lasi ASIC contains an integrated NCR 53C710 SCSI controller, an Intel Apricot 10 Mbit Ethernet interface, CD-quality sound, PS/2 keyboard and mouse, a serial and a parallel port. All models, except for the 712 series machines also use the Wax ASIC to provide an EISA adapter, a second serial port and support for the HIL bus. The 712/80i was an "integer only" model, with the floating point unit of the processor disabled.

VME Industrial Workstations

Models 742i, 743i, 744, 745/745i, 747i, 748i.

B, C, J class

The C100, C110, J200, J210 and J210XC use the PA-7200 processor, connected to the UTurn IOMMU via the Runway bus. The C100 and C110 are single processor systems, and the J200 and J210 are dual processor systems. The Uturn IOMMU has two GSC buses. These machines continue to use the Lasi and Wax ASICs.

The B132L, B160L, B132L+, B180L, C132L, C160L and C180L workstations are based on the PA-7300LC processor (an upgraded model of the PA-7100LC processor). These machines use the Dino GSC to PCI adapter which also provides the second serial port in place of Wax. These machines optionally have the Wax EISA adapter.

The C160, C180, C180-XP, J280 and J282 use the PA-8000 processor and are the first 64-bit capable HP workstations. They are based on the same Runway/GSC architecture as the earlier C and J class workstations.

The C200, C240 and J2240 offer increased speed with the PA-8200 processor and the C360 uses the PA-8500 processor.

The B1000, B2000, C3000, J5000, J7000 were also based on the PA-8500 processor, but had a very different architecture. The U2/Uturn IOMMU and the GSC bus is gone, replaced with the Astro IOMMU, connected via Ropes to several Elroy PCI host adapters.

The B2600, C3600 and J5600 upgrade these machines with the PA-8600 processor. The J6000 is a rackable workstation which can also be stood on its side in a tower configuration.

The C3650, C3700, C3750, J6700 and J6750 are PA-8700 processor based.

The C8000 uses the dual-core PA-8800 processor, which uses the same bus as the McKinley and Madison Itanium processors and shares the same Zx1 chipset. The Elroy PCI adapters have been replaced with Mercury PCI-X adapters and one Quicksilver AGP 8x adapter.

erver models

*"800 Series" — 807, 817, 822, 825, 827, 832, 835, 837, 842, 845, 847, 850,855, 857, 867, 877, 887, 897
*"1200 FT Series" — 1210, 1245, 1245 PLUS
*"A-class" — A180, A180C, A400, A500
*"D-class" — D200, D210, D220, D230, D250, D260, D270, D280, D300, D310, D320, D330, D350, D360, D370, D380, D390
*"E-class" — E25, E35, E45, E55
*"F-class" — F10, F20, F30
*"G-class" — G30, G40, G50, G60, G70
*"H-class" — H20, H30, H40, H50, H60, H70
*"I-class" — I30, I40, I50, I60, I70
*"K-class" — K100, K200, K210, K220, K250, K260, K360, K370, K380, K400, K410, K420, K450, K460, K570, K580
*"L-class" — L1000, L1500, L2000, L3000
*"N-class" — N4000
*"R-class" — R380, R390
*"S-class" — rebadged Convext Exemplar SPP2000 (single-node)
*"T-class" — T500, T520, T600
*"V-class" — V2200, V2250, V2500, V2600
*"X-class" — rebadged Convex Exemplar SPP2000 (multi-node)
*"rp2400" — rp2400, rp2405, rp2430, rp2450, rp2470 (previously A-class)
*"rp3400" — rp3410-2, rp3440-4 (1-2 PA-8800/8900 processors)
*"rp4400" — rp4410-4, rp4440-8
*"rp5400" — rp5400, rp5405, rp5430, rp5450, rp5470 (previously L-class)
*"rp7400" — rp7400, rp7405, rp7410, rp7420-16, rp7440-16 (previously N-class)
*"rp8400" — rp8400, rp8410, rp8420-32, rp8440-32
*"HP 9000 Superdome" — SD-32, SD-64, SD-128 (PA-8900 processors)

"See also:" HP Integrity servers. (Based on Itanium 2 processors)

D-class

The D-class is a tower server with up to 2 CPUs. You sometimes find them masquerading as larger machines because HP shipped them mounted vertically inside a huge cabinet with a power supply and disks and plenty of room for cooling air to circulate.

The D-class is architecturally similar to the K-class.

R-class

The R-class is simply a D-class machine packaged in a rack-mount chassis. Unlike the D-class systems, it does not support hot-plug disks.

N-class

The N-class is a 10U rackmount server with up to 8 CPUs and 12 PCI slots available for the customer. It uses two Merced busses, one for each set of four processor slots. It is not a NUMA machine, having equal access to all memory slots. The I/O is unequal though, having one Ike IOMMU per bus means that one set of CPUs are closer to one set of I/O slots than the other.

The N-class servers were marketed as being "Itanium-ready". Although they were ready for Itanium, when it shipped Itanium wasn't ready for them, and no Itanium upgrade was ever issued for the N class. The N class did profit from using the Merced bus, bridging the PA processors to it via a special adapter called DEW.

The N4000 was upgraded with newer processors throughout its lifespan, with models called N4000-36, N4000-44 and N4000-55 indicating the processor speeds of 360, 440, and 550 MHz respectively. It was renamed to the rp7400 series in 2001.

L-class

The L-class servers are 7U rackmount machines with up to 4 CPUs (depending on model). They have 12 PCI slots, but only 7 slots are enabled in the entry-level L1000 system. Two of the PCI slots are occupied by factory integrated cards, and are cannot be utilized for I/O expansion by the end-user.

The L1000 and L2000 are similar to the A400 and A500, being based on an Astro/Elroy combination. They initially shipped with 360 MHz and 440 MHz PA-8500 and were upgraded with 540 MHz PA-8600.

The L3000 is similar to the N4000, being based on a DEW/Ike/Elroy combination. It shipped only with 550 MHz PA-8600 CPUs.

The L-class family was renamed to the rp5400 series in 2001.

A-class

The A180 and A180C were 32-bit, single-processor, 2U servers based on the PA-7300LC processor with the Lasi and Dino ASICs.

The A400 and A500 servers were 64-bit, dual-processor 2U servers based on the PA-8500 and later processors, using the Astro IOMMU and Elroy PCI adapters. The A400-36 and A500-36 machines used the PA-8500 processor running at 360 MHz; the A400-44 and A500-44 are clocked at 440 MHz. The A500-55 uses a PA-8600 processor running at 550 MHz and the A500-75 uses a PA-8700 processor running at 750 MHz.

The A-class was renamed to the rp2400 series in 2001.

/X-class

The S- and X-class were Convex Exemplar SPP2000 supercomputers rebadged after HP's acquisition of Convex Computer in 1995. The S-class was a single-node SPP2000 with up to 16 processors, while the X-class name was used for multi-node configurations with up to 512 processors. These machines ran Convex's SPP-UX operating system.

V-class

The V-class servers were based on the multiprocessor technology from the S-class and X-class. The V2200 & V2250 support a maximum of 16 processors, and the V2500 & V2600 support a maximum of 32 processors. The V-class systems are physically massive systems that require extensive cooling and three-phase power to operate. They provided a transitional platform between the T-class and the introduction of the Superdome.

Operating systems

Apart from HP-UX and Domain/OS (on the 400), many HP 9000s can also run the Linux operating system. Some PA-RISC-based models are able to run NEXTSTEP.

BSD Unix was ported to the HP 9000 as HPBSD; the resulting support code was later added to 4.4BSD. Its modern variants NetBSD and OpenBSD also support various HP 9000 models, both Motorola 68k and PA-RISC based.

ee also

* HP 3000
* HP Integrity
* HP Superdome
* HP 9800 series desktop computers Previous series of scientific computer workstations

References

* [http://www.hpmuseum.net/index.php HP Computer Museum]
* [http://www.openpa.net/ OpenPA.net] Information resource on HP PA-RISC-based computers, including HP 9000/700, 800 and later systems
* [http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=141 HP 9836 at old-computers.com]

External links

* [http://www.tazenda.demon.co.uk/phil/linux-hp/ HP 9000/300 Linux]
* [http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/hp300/ NetBSD/hp300] Port of NetBSD to m68k-based HP 9000 systems
* [http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/hp700/ NetBSD/hp700] Port of NetBSD to PA-RISC-based HP 9000 systems (32-bit)
* [http://www.openbsd.org/hp300.html OpenBSD/hp300] Port of OpenBSD to m68k-based HP 9000 systems
* [http://www.openbsd.org/hppa.html OpenBSD/hppa] Port of OpenBSD to PA-RISC-based HP 9000 systems (32-bit)
* [http://www.bytecellar.com/archives/000040.php A look at the HP 9000] , NEXTSTEP's use on the platform, and the unique HP Color Recovery true-color hardware system


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