- 460 BC
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Events
By place
Persian Empire
* Egypt revolts against Persian rule. The Egyptian leader,
Inaros , asksAthens for assistance, which is willingly provided as Athens has plans to trade with and colonise Egypt. A force of 200 Atheniantrireme s, which is campaigning in Cyprus, is immediately ordered to Egypt to render assistance.
* Achaemenes, Persiansatrap (governor) of Egypt, is defeated and slain in a battle atPapremis , on the banks of the Nile River, by Egyptian forces.
* The construction of the ceremonial complex ofApadana (the audience hall ofDarius I andXerxes I ) inPersepolis is completed.Greece
* The
First Peloponnesian War breaks out between theDelian League (led byAthens ) and a Peloponnesian alliance (led bySparta ), caused in part by Athens' alliance withMegara andArgos and the subsequent reaction of Sparta. The Athenians have built long walls for the Megarans to their port atNisaea , thereby earning the enmity of Megara's old rivalCorinth .
*Argos rises againstSparta .Athens supports Argos andThessaly . The small force that is sent by Sparta to quell the uprising in Argos is defeated by a joint Athenian and Argos force atOenoe .Roman Republic
* Conflicts arise between the Roman
patricians andplebians . There is also a revolt byRome 's slaves. During the revolt, theCampidoglio is held by the slaves for a lengthy period, along with the most important temples of Rome. It is during this revolt thatconsul Publius Valerius Publicola dies. The revolt only ends with the arrival of an army fromTusculum , led by Tusculandictator Lucius Mamilius . Meanwhile,Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus is appointed as consul to replace Publicola.icily
*
Ducetius , aHellenised leader of theSiculi , an ancient people ofSicily , takes advantage of the confusion that follows the collapse of thetyranny in Syracuse and other Sicilian states. With the support of the Syracusan democracy, he drives out the colonists of the former tyrantHieron fromCatana and restores it to its original inhabitants.By topic
Arts
*
Polygnotos ofThasos decorates thePainted Stoa , on the north side ofAncient Agora of Athens (approximate date).
* The construction of a sculpture of a "Young Warrior" (subsequently found in the sea offRiace ,Italy ) is begun and completed approximately ten years later. It is now preserved at theMuseo Archeologico Nazionale ,Reggio Calabria ,Italy .
* The sculpture "Apollo with battling Lapiths and centaurs" is built on the west pediment of theTemple of Zeus in Olympia (approximate date). Only fragments remain and are today preserved at theArchaeological museum in Olympia.
* A metope relief of "Athena, Heracles and Atlas" are made on a frieze in the Temple of Zeus in Olympia (approximate date). It is now preserved at the Archaeological museum in Olympia.Births
*
Democritus of Abdera, Greekphilosopher (d.370 BC )
*Hippocrates of Cos, Greekphysician (d.377 BC )
*Thucydides , Greekhistorian (d.395 BC )Deaths
*
Epicharmus , Greekpoet (b.550 BC )
* Panini,Hindu Indiangrammarian (b.520 BC )
*Themistocles , Athenian politician and naval strategist (b.525 BC )
* Achaemenes, Persian satrap (governor) of Egypt
* Publius Valerius Publicola, Roman consul
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