Conus lividus

Conus lividus
Two shells of Conus lividus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Caenogastropoda clade Hypsogastropoda clade Neogastropoda
Superfamily:	Conoidea
Family:	Conidae
Genus:	Conus
Species:	C. lividus
Binomial name
Conus lividus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792 [1]
Synonyms[2]
Conus detritus Menke, K.T., 1830 Conus plebejus Link, 1807 Conus primula Reeve, 1849 Conus virgo fasciata (f) Menke, K.T., 1828 Cucullus monachos Röding, 1798 Lividoconus lividus (Hwass in Bruguière, 1792)

Conus lividus, common name the livid cone, is a species of sophisticated predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails, cone shells or cones.

Description

The size of an adult shell varies between 25 mm and 81 mm. The spire is coronated, depressed conical. The lower half of the body whorl is distantly striated, and the striae sparsely granulous. The color of the shell is light yellowish or olivaceous to orange-brown. The tubercles of the spire and a band below the shoulder, as well as a central band on the body-whorl, are white. The base and the interior are violaceous. The epidermis is somewhat tufted in distant revolving series. ^[3]

Distribution

This cone snail has a very wide distribution. It is found in the Red Sea, in the Indian Ocean along Aldabra, Chagos, Mascarene Basin, Mauritius, Mozambique, Tanzania and the West Coast of South Africa; in the entire Pacific Ocean.^[2]

References

1. ^ Bruguière, J. G., and Hwass, C. H., 1792. Cone. Encyclopédie Méthodique: Histoire Naturelle des Vers, 1: 586 -757
2. ^ ^{a b} Conus lividus Bruguière, 1792. 28 July 2011. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=215541.
3. ^ George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. VI, p. 45; 1879

• Dautzenberg, P. (1923). Liste preliminaire des mollusques marins de Madagascar et description de deux especes nouvelles. Journal de Conchyliologie 68: 21-74
• Drivas, J. & M. Jay (1988). Coquillages de La Réunion et de l'île Maurice
• Filmer R.M. (2001). A Catalogue of Nomenclature and Taxonomy in the Living Conidae 1758 - 1998. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden. 388pp.
• Branch, G.M. et al. (2002). Two Oceans. 5th impression. David Philip, Cate Town & Johannesburg
• Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp
• Tucker J.K. (2009). Recent cone species database. September 4th 2009 Edition
• Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2009) Systematic classification of Recent and fossil conoidean gastropods. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. 296 pp.

External links

• Conus lividus - Information
• Gastropods.com: Lividoconus lividus; accessed: 28 July 2011