Timeline of Armenian history

Earliest

*6000-4000 BC: Neolithic cultures of the South Caucasus, such as the Shulaveri-Shomu culture.
*3400-2000 BC: Kura-Araxes culture.
**2400 BC: The Indo-Europeans were people who migrated from Caucasus into Europe, settling on lands along the way. Armenian is one of the Indo-European language branches.
**2300 BC: Haik creates the Armenian nation in the Ararat region. (Akkadians mention "Armani" in 2300 BC)
*2000 BC: Trialeti culture

Mitanni Kingdom

*1450 BC: Artatama I (Thutmose III of Egypt, mentions the people of "Ermenen" in 1446 BC)
*1400 BC: Artashumara
*1384 BC: Artatama II

Urartu Kingdom

*1200 BC Armenian Nairi tribes (Նաիրի: Armenian girls names)
*883 BC: Foundation of the Kingdom of Urartu with Aramé.
*834-828 BC: Reign of Sarduri I who constructs Tushpa (Van).
*810-785 BC: Reign of Menuas who conquers the Araratian fields.
*785-763 BC: Reign of Argishtis I who creates the first Armenian Empire.
*782 BC: Construction of the fortress of Erebuni (modern Yerevan).
*585 BC: Conquest of Urartu by the Medes.

Armenia becomes a country

*512 BC: Armenia is annexed to Persia by Darius I. Urartu is officially called Armenia for the first time in the Behistun inscription.
*331 BC: Alexander the Great attacks Persia and defeats Darius III, but never conquers Armenia. As a result, Armenia regains its independence from Persia.
*322 BC: The Armenian Orontid Kingdom is founded by King Yervand I.

First Royal Dynasty of Armenia (190 B.C. - 1 A.D.)

*190 BC: Artaxias I reclaims Armenian sovereignty from the Seleucids by establishing the Artaxiad Dynasty with Artaxata as the capital.
*95 BC: Accession of power by Tigranes the Great.
**93 BC: Invasion of Cappadocia
**88 BC: Conquest of Atropatene, Gordyene, and Osrhoene
**83 BC: Conquest of Syria, Phoenicia, and Cilicia
**69 BC: Tigranes' army is defeated at the Battle of Tigranocerta against Lucullus' Roman army.
**68 BC: Lucullus is beaten off from Artaxata.
**67 BC: Lucullus is recalled to Rome.
**66 BC: Pompey invades Armenia, but returns to Roman land after being offered a generous sum of money by Tigranes.
*55 BC: Death of Tigranes the Great. Artavasdes II continues to rule Armenia.
*55 - 34 BC: Reign of Artavasdes.
*1 AD: End of the Artaxiad Dynasty in Armenia.

The Second Armenian Royal Dynasty (53 A.D. - 423)

*53: Tiridates I reaffirms Armenian independence by founding the Arshakuni Dynasty.
**58: Roman general Corbulo invades Armenia with the assistance of the Iberians and Commagenians.
**66: Tiridates is crowned in Rome by Nero, after he and Corbulo came to an agreement.
**72: War against the Alans
*?: Death of Tiridates I
*? - 110: Reign of Sanatruces I/Sanatruk, during which the Apostles Thadeus and Bartholomew preach Christianity in Armenia.
*228 onwards: Chosroes II of Armenia repels Sassanid invasions.
*287: Beginning of the reign of Tiridates III.
**?: Roman Emperor Diocletianus offers Armenia the province of Atropatene.
**301: Armenia becomes the first official Christian state in the world, King Tirdat III proclaims Christianity as the official state religion of Armenia.
*330: End of Tiridates III's reign.
*387: Division of Armenia into Western and Eastern parts. The latter keeps its independence.
*392: Armenia regains its might by the coronation of King Vramshapouh in 392.
*406: Mesrop Mashtots invents the Armenian alphabet.
*428: End of the Arshakuni Dynasty.

Marzpan period (428 - 640)

*451: The Battle of Avarayr, led by Vartan Mamikonian, secures the Christian religion in Armenia.
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The Third Armenian Royal Dynasty (862- 1045)

*861-862: Ashot I Bagratuni is recognized as prince of princes by the Baghdad court, followed by a war against local Muslim emirs.
**885: Ashot wins and is thus recognized King of the Armenians by Baghdad in 885.
**886: Formal recognition of Armenian sovereignty by Constantinople.
*891: King Ashot I dies and is succeeded by his son Smbat I, in 892.
*961: King Ashot III (953-977) transfers the capital from Kars to Ani, which came to be considered the "City of a 1001 Churches" which rivaled other metropolises like Baghdad and Constantinople.
*1045: Armenia falls to Byzantine troops, and an exodus begins.
*1064: Ani, once the capital of Bagratid Armenia, is plundered by the Seljuk Turks and the population nearly all gone.

The Armenian kingdom of Cilicia

*1078: Establishment of the Armenian Principality of Cilicia, led by the Rubenid dynasty.
*1095: The First Crusade is launched by Pope Urban I.
*1187: Debut of Leon II's reign as prince.
**1198: Leon II "the Magnificent" managed to secure his crown, becoming the first King of Armenian Cilicia.
*1219: Death of Leon II.
*1375: Fall of the Armenian kingdom of Cilicia to the Mamelukes of Egypt.

Ottoman Empire

* 1461 Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople established by then the Ottoman Emperor, Mehmed II
* 1478 Armenian migration to Bruges, Belgium
* 1512 Printing of first Armenian books
* 1519 Decree of King Sigismund I that Armenians in Poland by governed under code of laws by Mkhitar Gosh
* 1547-1575 Secret Church meetings to seek ways to help Armenia
* 1555 Ottoman-Persian partition of Armenia
* 1567 Establishment of Armenian printing press in Constantinople
* 1637-1695 Eremia Kiumurjian, historian, poet, musician
* 1648 Major earthquake in Van
* 1712-1795 Sayat Nova, renowned Armenian poet troubadour
* 1759 Arrival of Hovsep Emin in Armenia
* 1778 Establishment of Nor Nakhichevan
* 1809-1848 Khachatur Abovian, novelist poet, playwright
* 1810,1818 Zeitountsi revolts
* 1811 Mkhitarist order of Vienna founded
* 1813 Treaty of Gulistan
* 1824 Founding of Nersessian Academy in Tiflis
* 1826-1858 Nickolas Balian, architect in Constantinople
* 1827 Occupation of Yerevan by Russian forces
* 1828 Treaty of Turkmanchay awards Nakhichevan and area around Erevan to Russia, strengthening Russian control of Transcaucasus and beginning period of modernization and security.
* 1915-1923 Armenian Genocide: An estimated 1,500,000 are killed.

Russian Empire

* 1827 Occupation of Yerevan by Russian forces
* 1828 Treaty of Turkmanchay awards Nakhichevan and area around Erevan to Russia, strengthening Russian control of Transcaucasus and beginning period of modernization and security.

Democratic Republic of Armenia, 1918-1922

* March 3 1918, The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk gives Kars, Ardahan and Batum regions to the Ottoman Empire.
* May 22 1918, Battle of Sardarapat.
* May 28, 1918 The Armenian Congress of Eastern Armenians declares the Democratic Republic of Armenia from the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic.
* August 4, 1918 General Lionel Charles Dunsterville leads a British expeditionary force into Baku, making himself the city's military governor.
* October 30, 1918 The Ottoman Empire signs the Armistice of Mudros, agreeing to leave the Transcaucasus. As military governor of Baku, General Dunsterville arranges a temporary peace between the Azeris and Armenians. Meanwhile, the Democratic Republic of Armenia assumes control of Western Armenia, now that the Ottomans are forced to leave.

Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

Armenia

External links

* [http://www.armenianhighland.com Armenian History; Timeline]