90th Sustainment Brigade (United States)

Infobox Military Unit
unit_name= 90th Sustainment Brigade


caption=90th Sustainment Brigade shoulder sleeve insignia
dates= 1917 - 1919
1942 - 1945
1995 -
country= United States
allegiance=
branch= U.S. Army
type=
role=Sustainment
size=Brigade
command_structure=
garrison=Moffett Field
garrison_label=
equipment=
equipment_label=
nickname=Tough 'Ombres
Texas-Oklahoma Division
patron=
motto=
colors=
colors_label=
march=
mascot=
battles=World War I
World War II
anniversaries=
decorations=
battle_honours=
current_commander=
current_commander_label=
ceremonial_chief=
ceremonial_chief_label=
colonel_of_the_regiment=
colonel_of_the_regiment_label=
notable_commanders=Theodore Roosevelt, Jr{Died before taking command}
James A. Van Fleet
Raymond S. McLain
identification_symbol=
identification_symbol_label=
identification_symbol_2=
identification_symbol_2_label=US Infantry
previous=89th Infantry Division
next=91st Infantry DivisionThe 90th Sustainment Brigade, formerly the 90th Infantry Division is a unit of the United States Army that served in World War I and World War II.

World War I

*Activated: August 1917.
*Overseas: June 1918.
*Major Operations: St. Mihiel, MeuseArgonne.
*Casualties: Total-7,549 (KIA-1,091; WIA-6,458).
*Commanders: Maj. Gen. Henry T. Allen (25 August 1917), Brig. Gen. Joseph A. Gaston (23 November 1917), Brig. Gen. W. H. Johnston (27 December 1917), Maj. Gen. Henry T. Allen (1 March 1918), Brig. Gen. Joseph P. O'Neil (24 November 1918), Maj. Gen. Charles H. Martin (30 December 1918).
*Returned to U.S. and inactivated: June 1919.

World War II

*Activated: 25 March 1942.
*Overseas: 23 March 1944.
*Distinguished Unit Citations: 5.
*Campaigns: Normandy, Northern France, Ardennes-Alsace, Rhineland, Central Europe
*Awards: MH-4 ; DSC-54 ; DSM-4 ; SS1,418 ; LM-19; DFC-4 ; SM-55 ; BSM-6,140 ; AM-121.
*Commanders: Maj. Gen. Henry Terrell, Jr. (March 1942-January 1944), Brig. Gen. Jay W. MacKelvie (January-July 1944), Maj. Gen. Eugene M. Landrum (July-August 1944), Maj. Gen. Raymond S. McLain (August-October 1944), Maj. Gen. James A. Van Fleet (October 1944-February 1945), Maj. Gen. Lowell W. Rooks (February-March 1945), Maj. Gen. Herbert L. Earnest (March-November 1945).
*Returned to U. S.: 16 December 1945.
*Inactivated: 27 December 1945.

Combat Chronicle

The 90th Infantry Division landed in England, 5 April 1944, and trained from 10 April to 4 June.

First elements of the division saw action on D-Day, 6 June, on Utah Beach, Normandy, the remainder entering combat 10 June, cutting across the Merderet River to take Pont l'Abbe in heavy fighting. After defensive action along the river Douve, the division attacked to clear the Foret de Mont-Castre (Hill 122), clearing it by 11 July, in spite of fierce resistance. An attack on the island of Saint-Germain-sur-Sèves failing, 23 July, the 90th bypassed it and took Périers, 27 July.

On 12 August, the division drove across the Sarthe River, north and east of Le Mans, and took part in the closing of the Falaise Gap, by reaching 1st Polish Armored Division in Chambois, 19 August.

It then raced across France, through Verdun, 6 September, to participate in the siege of Metz, 14 September-19 November, capturing Maizières-lès-Metz, 30 October, and crossing the Moselle River at Kœnigsmacker, 9 November.

On 6 December 1944, the division pushed across the Saar River and established a bridgehead north of Saarlautern (present-day Saarlouis), 6-18 December, but with the outbreak of the Gerd von Rundstedt's (Army Group A) drive, the Battle of the Bulge, withdrew to the west bank on 19 December, and went on the defensive until 5 January 1945, when it shifted to the scene of the Ardennes struggle. It drove across the Our River, near Oberhausen, 29 January, to establish and expand a bridgehead. In February, the division smashed through Siegfried Line fortifications to the Prüm River.

After a short rest, the 90th continued across the Moselle River to take Mainz, 22 March, and crossed the rivers Rhine, the Main, and the Werra in rapid succession. Pursuit continued to the Czech border, 18 April 1945, and into the Sudetes mountain range. The division was en route to Prague when the war in Europe ended, 8 May 1945.

Assignments in the ETO

*5 March 1944: Third Army.
*23 March 1944: Third Army, but attached to First Army.
*27 March 1944: VII Corps.
*19 June 1944: VIII Corps.
*30 July 1944: Third Army, but attached to First Army.
*1 August 1944: XV Corps, Third Army, 12th Army Group.
*17 August 1944: Third Army, 12th Army Group, but attached to V Corps, First Army.
*25 August 1944: XV Corps, Third Army, 12th Army Group.
*26 August 1944: XX Corps
*6 January 1945: III Corps.
*26 January 1945: VIII Corps.
*12 March 1945: XII Corps.

General

*Nickname: Tough 'Ombres; formerly called the Texas-Oklahoma Division.
*Shoulder patch: A khaki-colored square on which is superimposed a red letter "T", the lower part of which bisects the letter "O", also in red.

References

*"Combat Chronicles": [http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/lineage/cc/cc.htm "90th Infantry Division"] . - "The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States". - United States Army Center of Military History. - U.S. Government Printing Office. - 1950. - pp.510-592.

External links

* [http://montormel.evl.pl/?id=94 A history of 90^th US infantry division] - Memorial of Coudehard - Montormel
* [http://www.lonesentry.com/gi_stories_booklets/90thinfantry/index.html Tough 'Ombres! The Story of the 90th Infantry Division]
* [http://www.90thdivisionassoc.org/ Official Website of the Tough 'Ombres]
* [http://www.90thidpg.us/ 90th Infantry Division Preservation Group]
* [http://www.tough-ombres.com/ "Tough 'Ombres!", Company "B", 359th Regiment, 90th Infantry Division Living History & Reenactment] - Tough 'Ombres!