Hero of Israel

Hero of Israel (Hebrew: גיבור ישראל) is an Israeli military decoration that was awarded during the War of Independence.When the IDF was first established in May 1948, a system of decorations had not yet been instituted, but many soldiers who had distinguished themselves in battle were recommended by their officers for awards. The army command installed a committee to decide on a system of decorations, and a contest was written out for the public to design medals. However, after more than a year, no decisions had been taken and in the summer of 1949 it was decided that, as a “temporary solution", 12 decorations would be awarded to a selection of soldiers who were representative for the different IDF units and who had distinguished themselves by the highest level of heroism.

The number 12 was symbolic for the twelve tribes of Israel - while interestingly enough the title "Hero of Israel" resembles the Russian "Hero of the Soviet Union".As is hardly remembered nowadays, throughout the 1948 war the young Israel maintained what amounted to a de-facto military alliance with the Soviet Union - short-lived but at the time a major factor in the Israeli victory, with vital arms supplies arriving from Soviet satellite Czechoslovakia while the United States at that time maintained a strict arms embargo against Israel. Moreover, the Soviet Union enjoyed high popularity among Jews in Israel (as elsewhere) for having recently fought and defeated Nazi Germany and liberated the Jews who survived the Holocaust, and many officers of the new IDF - especially those of the Palmach, imbued with the ideology of Socialist Zionism - admired the Soviet Red Army and consciously sought to emulate its institutions and strategies.

The award ceremony was held on July 17, 1949. After a military parade, President Chaim Weizman, Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion and IDF Chief of Staff Yaakov Dori awarded the decoration to the recipients or their dependents (4 awards were given posthumously).

After this ceremony, the committee continued to work on a system of decorations, but it was never brought to a solution and so the Hero of Israel ribbon was never awarded again. Instead, in 1970 it was replaced with the Medal of Valor. All recipients of the Hero of Israel automatically received the Medal of Valor as well.

Design

The decoration is designed in the form of a red ribbon bar, charged with a clasp of the Israeli coat of arms made of gold.

Recipients