Stanley Savige

Infobox Military Person
name= Sir Stanley Savige
lived=June 26 1890 – death date and age|1954|5|15|1890|6|26
placeofbirth= Morwell, Victoria, Australia
placeofdeath= Kew, Victoria, Australia


caption= Stanley Savige as a captain in the Australian Imperial Force in 1918.
nickname=
allegiance=Australian Imperial Force
serviceyears= 1915 – 1946
rank=Lieutenant General
commands=17th Brigade,
3rd Division,
I Corps,
II Corps
unit=
battles=World War I
*Gallipoli Campaign
*Battle of Pozières
*Battle of Mouquet Farm
*Battle of Baku
World War II
*North African campaign
*Battle of Greece
*Syria-Lebanon campaign
*New Guinea campaign
*Bougainville campaign
awards= Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Companion of the Order of the Bath
Distinguished Service Order
Military Cross
Mention in Despatches (4)
family= Lilian Stockton (spouse)
laterwork=Founder, Legacy Australia,
Director, Olympic Tyre & Rubber Co. Ltd,
Chairman, Moran & Cato Ltd.,
Chairman, Central War Gratuity Board,
Commissioner, State Savings Bank of Victoria
portrayedby=
enteredservice=
currentlyresides=

Lieutenant General Sir Stanley George Savige KBE, CB, DSO, MC, ED (June 26 1890 – May 15 1954), was a highly decorated soldier of the Australian Imperial Force in World War I, and later a lieutenant general in the Australian Army during World War II. Sir Stanley Savige was instrumental in the establishment of Legacy Australia (the war widows and orphans benefit fund).

Early life

Stanley Savige was born June 26, 1890, in Morwell, Victoria, Australia. His grandfather John Savige arrived in Australia as a free settler in 1852 from Towcester, Northampton, England. In 1856 at Bendigo he married Emma Russell a native of Wales. After fossicking for gold for several years he proceeded to clear, farm and settle areas of Victoria such as Lake Condah in the Western District and Narracan and Moe in Gippsland.

Stan was the eldest of eight children of Samuel Savige, butcher, and his wife Ann Nora Walmsley. Stan left Korumburra State School at the age of 12 to work as a blacksmith's striker, and later in a drapery. Showing an interest in soldiering and community work, he served as a senior cadet (1907-09) and scoutmaster (1910-15).

World War I

On 6 March 1915, Savige enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force. Savige was posted to the 24th Battalion, he landed at Gallipoli in September 1915. After a series of promotions Savige was commissioned at Lone Pine on 9 November, 1915. In December 1915, during the evacuation of Gallipoli, Savige commanded rearguard actions protecting the retreating ANZAC forces.

Savige was shipped to France in March 1916. In May 1916 Savige was intelligence officer at Brigadier General Sir John Gellibrand's 6th Brigade headquarters. Savige served in operations at Pozières and Mouquet Farm in July and August 1916. He was promoted to captain in September 1916.

In November 1916 he was wounded at Flers. By December 1916 he was admitted to hospital, suffering from influenza. He returned to his battalion and in February 1917 became adjutant. For his 'consistent good work and devotion to duty' in the fighting at Warlencourt, Grevilliers and Bullecourt, in February to May 1917, he was awarded the Military Cross. [LondonGazette|issue=30450|date=1 January1918|startpage=52|supp=yes|accessdaymonth=28 August|accessyear=2008]

Volunteering for special service, Savige was sent to Persia in March 1918 as part of Dunsterforce. Savige received the Distinguished Service Order for protecting refugees while under fire. [LondonGazette|issue=31219|date=8 March1919|startpage=3227|supp=yes|accessdaymonth=28 August|accessyear=2008] [LondonGazette|issue=31583|date=4 October1919|startpage=12234|supp=yes|accessdaymonth=28 August|accessyear=2008] He was mentioned in dispatches three times. Stanley Savige later he wrote a book about his experiences in Persia,"Stalky's Forlorn Hope" (Melbourne, 1920).

Legacy Australia

In 1923 General Sir John Gellibrand founded the Remembrance Club in Hobart. Its aim was to encourage returned servicemen in business. Stanley Savige, a former 24 Battalion Officer who had also served on Gellibrand's brigade staff, visited Hobart in August 1923. Gellibrand urged him to set up a similar club in Melbourne.

Soon after Savige's return to Melbourne, a group of ex-servicemen met to farewell one of their number who was about to go to England. Savige used this opportunity to bring up the idea of a club similar to Gellibrand's Remembrance Club. After several informal meetings, the Melbourne club's inaugural meeting was held in ANZAC House in Melbourne. Legacy Australia was founded as a charitable organisation and fund to benefit war widows and orphans. For the next 26 years, due to his commitment, energy and enthusiasm, Savige's name became inseparable from both the club and the movement.

A Lone Pine (tree) was planted Stanley Savige at the Melbourne Shrine Reserve, near the north-east corner of the building at a formal ceremony in 1934. The Lone Pine was the name given to a solitary tree on the Gallipoli Peninsula in Turkey, which marked the site of the Battle of Lone Pine in 1915.

World War II

In 1940, Brigadier Savige commanded the 17th Infantry Brigade in the Middle East Campaign, for which he was awarded a Commander of the Order of the British Empire. [LondonGazette|issue=35209|date=8 July1941|startpage=3882|supp=yes|accessdaymonth=28 August|accessyear=2008] During the disastorous Battle of Greece in 1941, he commanded "Savige Force" and it's withdrawal to Larissa, under heavy fire from the invading German Army.

By 1942, the Japanese established major bases on the north coast of New Guinea, including Salamaua, a small administrative town and port, as a staging post for attacks on Port Moresby via the Kokoda Track and the Black Cat Track to Wau. On the Black Cat Track, the Japanese attacked in force, but the Australian 17th Brigade under Major General Savige, held out until reinforcements (The three independent companies 2/3rd, 2/5th and 2/7th) arrived.

After driving back the Japanese across the Owen Stanley Range, Australian forces engaged the Japanese in the Salamaua-Lae campaign. The Japanese would be pursued towards Salamaua by the Australian 3rd Division, which had been formed at Wau, under the command of Maj. Gen. Savige; he was awarded a Companion of the Order of the Bath for his services in New Guinea. [LondonGazette|issue=36251|date=18 November1943|startpage=5061|supp=yes|accessdaymonth=28 August|accessyear=2008] On 23 August, Savige and the 3rd Division handed over the Salamaua operation to the Australian 5th Division under Major General Edward Milford.

In February 1944, the appointment of Lt. General Sir Edmund Herring as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria, led to a vacancy at I Corps (Australia), for which General Blamey nominated both Major General George Vasey and Major General Stanley Savige, but recommended the latter. Army Minister Frank Forde queried Blamey's recommendation, which was very unusual, and asked who was the senior officer. On being informed that Savige was senior to Vasey — although not as senior as Arthur Allen or James Harold Cannan — he dropped his objection. General Douglas MacArthur considered Vasey's supersession "outrageous".

Lt. General Stanley Savige was commander of all Allied land forces in the Territory of New Guinea from 6 May, 1944 to 1 October, 1944.

Lt. General Stanley Savige commanded Allied Forces in the Solomon Islands campaign until the close of the war. On 21 August, 1945, on Bougainville Island, Lt. General Stanley Savige accepted the surrender of the remaining Imperial Japanese Army fighting the Bougainville campaign (1944-45).

In September 1945 he accepted the surrender of the Japanese forces at Torokina.

After the War

From October 1945 to May 1946 Savige served as co-ordinator of demobilization and dispersal, and in 1950, he was knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire. [LondonGazette|issue=38930|date=8 June1950|startpage=2810|supp=yes|accessdaymonth=28 August|accessyear=2008]

Stanley Savige died 15 May, 1954, in Kew, Victoria.

Monuments

A commemorative bust of Stanley Savige was erected in Morwell in 2006.

References

Notes

Books

*cite book
last = Gailey
first = Harry A.
authorlink =
year = 1991
chapter =
title = Bougainville, 1943-1945: The Forgotten Campaign
publisher = University Press of Kentucky
location = Lexington, Kentucky, USA
id = ISBN 0-8131-9047-9-
*cite book
last = Savige Walter E.
first = Titcher Margot.
authorlink =
year = 1996
chapter =
title = Savage Savige
publisher = Savige Family Publications
location = Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
id = ISBN 0-9594-1914-4-
*cite book
last = Keating
first = G.
authorlink =
coauthors =
year = 2006
chapter =
title = The Right Man for the Right Job: Lieutenant General Sir Stanley Savige as a Military Commander
publisher = Oxford University Press
location = South Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
id = ISBN 0-19555-332-2-
*cite book
last = Long
first = Gavin
authorlink = Gavin Long
year = 1963
url = http://www.awm.gov.au/histories/chapter.asp?volume=23
title = Volume VII – The Final Campaigns
series = Australia in the War of 1939–1945
location = Canberra
publisher = Australian War Memorial
accessdate = 2006-11-02
*cite book
last = MacDougal
first = A.
authorlink =
coauthors =
year = 2002
chapter =
title = Australians at War: A Pictorial History
publisher = The Five Mile Press
location =
id = ISBN 1-86503-865-2-
*cite book
last = Russell
first = W.B.
authorlink =
coauthors =
year = 1959
chapter =
title = There Goes a Man: The Biography of Sir Stanley G. Savige
publisher = Longmans
location = Melbourne
id =

External links

* [http://www.legacy.com.au Legacy Website]
*cite web
last = Assyrian community in Australia
first =
authorlink =
coauthors =
date =
year =
month =
url = http://www.christiansofiraq.com/savigesep46.html
title = Assyrians honour Lt General Sir Stanley Savige
format =
work =
pages =
publisher =
language =
accessdate = Sep 11
accessyear = 2008
*cite web
last = Australian Department of Veteran's Affairs
first =
authorlink =
coauthors =
date =
year =
month =
url = http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/lastbattles/shadows.html
title = In the Shadows: Bougainville
format =
work =
pages =
publisher =
language =
accessdate = Oct 20
accessyear = 2006
*cite web
last = James
first = Karl
authorlink =
coauthors =
date =
year = 2005
month =
url = http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/uploads/approved/adt-NWU20060712.150556/public/02Whole.pdf
title = The Final Campaigns: Bougainville 1944-1945
format = PhD thesis
work =
pages =
publisher = University of Wollongong
language =
accessdate = 2006-12-12
accessyear =
*cite web
last = Keating
first = Gavin Michael
authorlink =
coauthors =
date = 2002
year =
month =
url = http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A160210b.htm?hilite=Stanley%3BSavige
title = Savige, Sir Stanley George (1890 - 1954)
format =
work = Australian Dictionary of Biography, Online Edition
pages =
publisher = Australian National University
language =
accessdate = 2006-12-19
accessyear =