Hypochlorite

Hypochlorite

The hypochlorite ion is ClO. A hypochlorite compound is a chemical compound containing this group, with chlorine in oxidation state +1. Because of this oxidation state, the hypochlorite ion is sometimes referred to as the chlorate(I) ion.

Hypochlorites are the salts of hypochlorous acid. Common examples include sodium hypochlorite (chlorine bleach or bleaching agent) and calcium hypochlorite (bleaching powder). Hypochlorites are frequently quite unstable — for example, sodium hypochlorite is not available as a solid, since removal of the water from NaClO solution converts it to a mixture of sodium chloride and sodium chlorate. Heating of NaClO solution also causes this reaction. Hypochlorites decompose in sunlight, giving chlorides and oxygen.

Due to their low stability, hypochlorites are very strong oxidizing agents. They react with many organic and inorganic compounds. Reaction with organic compounds is very exothermic and may cause ignition, so hypochlorites should be handled with care. They can oxidize manganese compounds, converting them to permanganates.

trength of oxidation

Hypochlorite is the strongest oxidizer of the generalized chlorates. It is also the least stable.

tability

Many hypochlorite compounds exist only in solution, and are nonexistent in a pure form, as is hypochlorous acid (HClO) itself.

Besides oxidizing almost any reducing agent, hypochlorite is unstable with respect to disproportionation (that is, it will oxidize itself); hypochlorite will often degrade to some mixture of chloride and other chlorates, especially if not kept cool.


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  • hypochlorite — [ ipoklɔrit ] n. m. • 1855; de hypo et chlore ♦ Chim. Sel de l acide hypochloreux. Hypochlorite de sodium (NaClO) :eau de Javel. ● hypochlorite nom masculin Sel de l acide hypochloreux. (Les hypochlorites les plus employés sont ceux de sodium, de …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Hypochlorite — Hy po*chlo rite, n. (Chem.) A salt of hypochlorous acid; as, a calcium hypochloride. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Hypochlorīte — Hypochlorīte, Unterchlorigsäuresalze, z. B. Natriumhypochlorit, unterchlorigsaures Natron …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Hypochlorite — Hypochlorite, die Salze der unterchlorigen Säure. Unterchlorigsaures Kalium und Natrium bilden die wirksamen Bestandteile des Eau de Javelle, das unterchlorigsaure Calcium ist der Hauptbestandteil des Chlorkalks. Sie dienen auch als… …   Lexikon der gesamten Technik

  • Hypochlorite — Hypochlorite,   Chemie: Chlorverbindungen …   Universal-Lexikon

  • hypochlorite — [hī΄pō klôr′īt΄] n. a salt of hypochlorous acid containing the monovalent negative radical ClO …   English World dictionary

  • Hypochlorite — Un hypochlorite est un composé chimique contenant l anion hypochlorite, de formule brute ClO , où l atome de chlore est à l état d oxydation +1. Cet anion est la base conjuguée de l acide hypochloreux HClO, et les hypochlorites sont les sels de… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Hypochlorite — Ein Hypochlorit ist ein Salz (zum Beispiel als Natriumhypochlorit) der Hypochlorigen Säure HClO (auch unterchlorige Säure). Es enthält das Ion ClO−. Die organischen Hypochlorite R–OCl sind sehr instabil.[1] Hypochlorit entsteht neben Chlorid,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • hypochlorite — (i po klo ri t ) s. m. Terme de chimie. Nom générique des sels formés par l acide hypochloreux, dont plusieurs sont employés pour désinfecter.    Hypochlorite ou chlorite de potasse, eau de Javelle.    Hypochlorite, ou chlorite de chaux, ou… …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

  • hypochlorite — A salt of hypochlorous acid. * * * hy·po·chlo·rite .hī pə klō(ə)r .īt, klȯ(ə)r n a salt or ester of hypochlorous acid * * * hy·po·chlo·rite (hi″po klorґīt) [hypo + chlorite] any salt of hypochlorous acid; used as a medicinal agent,… …   Medical dictionary

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