X-15 Flight 90

X-15 Flight 90

Crew

Number in parentheses indicates number of spaceflights by each individual prior to and including this mission.
*Joseph A. Walker (1)

Mission parameters

*Mass: 15,195 kg fueled; 6,577 kg burnout; 6,260 kg landed
*Maximum Altitude: 106.01 km
*Range: 534 km
*Burn Time: 84.6 seconds
*Mach: 5.50
*Launch Vehicle: NB-52B Bomber #008

Mission highlights

Maximum Speed - 5,971 km/h. Maximum Altitude - 106,010 m. 80 cm diameter balloon towed on 30 m line to measure air density. First X-15 flight over 100 km (a height known as the Karman line). First flight launched over Smith Dry Lake, NV. Experiments: Towed balloon, horizon scanner, photometer, infrared and ultraviolet. Balloon instrumentation failed.

The mission was flown by X-15 #3, serial 56-6672 on its 21st flight.

Launched by: NB-52B #008, Pilots Fulton & Bement. Takeoff: 17:19. UTC Landing: 19:04 UTC.

Chase pilots: Crews, Dana, Rogers, Daniel and Wood.

The X-15 engine burns about 85 seconds. Near the end of the burn, acceleration builds up to about 4 G (39 m/s²). Weightlessness lasts for 3 to 5 minutes. Re-entry heating warms the exterior of the X-15 to 650 °C. in places. During pull up after re-entry acceleration builds up to 5"g" (49 m/s²) for 20 seconds. The entire flight is about 12 minutes from launch to landing.

Pilot Robert White commented on his high altitude X-15 flights, "My flights to 217,000 feet [66 km] and 314,750 feet [96 km] were very dramatic in revealing the earth's curvature ... at my highest altitude I could turn my head through a 180º arc and wow! - the earth is really round. At my peak altitude I was roughly over the Arizona/California border in the area of Las Vegas, and this was how I described it: looking to my left I felt I could spit into the Gulf of California. Looking to my right I felt I could toss a dime into San Francisco Bay."




References

*X-15 The NASA Mission Reports - by Robert Godwin - ISBN 1-896522-65-3;NASA reports (PDF format)
* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20000068530_2000075022.pdf Hypersonics Before the Shuttle: A Concise History of the X-15 Research Airplane]
* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19650010561_1965010561.pdf X-15 research results with a selected bibliography]
* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19920075739_1992075739.pdf Flight experience with shock impingement and interference heating on the X-15-2 research airplane 1968]
* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19680016245_1968016245.pdf Thermal protection system X-15A-2 Design report 1968]


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