- Anthony Salvin
Infobox Person
name = Anthony Salvin
caption = Anthony Salvin
birth_date =17 October 1799
birth_place =Sunderland Bridge ,County Durham ,England
death_date =17 December 1881
death_place =Fernhurst ,Sussex ,England
other_names =
known_for =Tudor style architecture
Restoration of castles, country houses and churches
New houses and churches
occupation = Architect
nationality = English
children =Osbert Salvin Anthony Salvin (
17 October 1799 –17 December 1881 ) was an Englisharchitect . He gained a reputation as an expert on medieval buildings and applied this expertise to his new buildings and his restorations. He restored castles and country houses, and built a number of new houses and churches.Holder, Richard, (2004) 'Salvin, Anthony (1799-1881)', "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography ",Oxford University Press [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/24585] , Retrieved on2 March 2008 .]Early life and training
He was born in
Sunderland Bridge ,County Durham , as the only child of General Anthony Salvin, a soldier, and his second wife Elizabeth (Eliza) Mills. He was educated atDurham School and then became a pupil of John Paterson ofEdinburgh while he was working on the restoration ofBrancepeth Castle in County Durham. In 1821 Salvin moved to London. He had an introduction to Sir John Sloan but did not enter his office. According to his nephew he entered the office of John Nash. In 1824 he was elected as a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. Soon after this he went on a sketching tour of Great Britain. On 26 July 1826 he married his cousin, Anne Andrews Nesfield. With her he had six children, two of whom died in infancy.Early career
Salvin's first major commission was Mamhead Park in
Devon for Robert William Newman. This was designed in the Tudor style to a symmetrical plan. It was adapted from a plan byCharles Fowler and this placed restrictions on his design. His next design was for Moreby Hall in theEast Riding of Yorkshire for Henry Preston where he was free to develop a complete design in the Tudor style, again on a symmetrical plan. AtScotney Castle inKent he designed for Edward Hussey an asymmetrical design in the Tudor style. In 1831 Salvin embarked on what is considered to be his most important early domestic work atHarlaxton Manor inLincolnshire for Gregory Gregory. Salvin's design combined elements fromMontacute House inSomerset andHengrave Hall inSuffolk . However before the building was complete, Salvin was replaced as architect byWilliam Burn . In 1835 Salvin spent five weeks in Germany.In 1836 Salvin entered a design in Tudor style in the competition for the new
Palace of Westminster which had possibly been inspired by his visit to Germany. However this was unsuccessful, as was his entry for the competition to design theAshmolean Museum inOxford . He won the competition for the design of theCarlton Club inPall Mall, London but the club decided not to proceed with his plan. After losing a further competition, this time to design theArmy and Navy Club , Salvin did not enter any more competitions.Mature career
Most of Salvin's designs for major houses continued to be in the Tudor style. These include
Keele Hall inStaffordshire for Ralph Sneyd, andThoresby Hall inNottinghamshire forSydney Pierrepont, 3rd Earl Manvers . There were exceptions, including Penoyre inBrecon , an Italianate villa-style house for Colonel John Lloyd Vaughan Watkins andOxon Hoath inWest Peckham ,Kent in the French empire style for Sir William Geary.A major part of Salvin's work was to restore, refit and create castles. In 1835 he refaced
Norwich Castle , in 1844 he repaired the ruins of Newark Castle and in 1845 he repaired the ruins ofCarisbrook Castle . In the early 1840s the Queen's Gate ofCaernarvon Castle collapsed and in 1844 Salvin repaired it and rebuilt some of the other masonry of the castle. In 1951 he surveyed the Beauchamp Tower of theTower of London and, after working on this he restored the Salt, the Wakefield and the White Towers and the Chapel of St Peter ad Vincula. Following this he was instructed by Prince Albert to carry out work onWindsor Castle . This included replacingsash window s with lancets andmullion ed windows and rebuilding the Clewer Tower. Salvin designedPeckforton Castle inCheshire forJohn Tollemache, 1st Baron Tollemache as a re-creation of a castle of the time of Edward I. In 1852 he started work on the restoration ofAlnwick Castle inNorthumberland . This included replacing one of the towers with a larger tower, the Prudhoe Tower, creating aporte-cochère , replacing windows and replanning the interior.Salvin also restored and repaired 20 old churches and three cathedrals, and built 34 new churches. In the early 1840s he had worked on
The Holy Sepulchre, Cambridge and following this he was made an honorary member of theCambridge Camden Society . He arranged for the removal of buildings around the south transept ofNorwich Cathedral and reordered its choir. He also made alterations to Durham andWells Cathedral s. In all he designed at least 34 new churches. Salvin's restorations were not to the liking of theSociety for the Protection of Ancient Buildings , particularly his removal of "unwanted fabric" from churches. Other work carried out by Salvin included rebuilding the keep ofDurham Castle for student accommodation, and work on restoringTrinity College, Cambridge .Later life
In 1857 while working on
Warwick Castle , Salvin suffered a stroke but recovered from it. In 1860 his wife died and he designed a new house for himself, Hawksfold atFernhurst ,Sussex . In 1863 he was awarded the royal gold medal of theRoyal Institute of British Architects and in 1879 he retired from formal practice. He died at Hawksfold in 1881 and was buried at Fernhurst. His estate was valued at over £78,000.Major works
Other buildings
Other buildings
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Notes
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