Salaf in favor of Nikah Mut'ah after Muhammad

There are a number of Salaf who verdicted Nikah Mut'ah to be legal after Muhammad.

Introduction

"Salaf" is the Islamic term for the first three generations of Muslim who lived during and after the live of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad. The verdicts are notable since the Salaf are the main source of receiving knowledge about Muhammad's ways istr|Sunnah, and the Sunnah is heavily relied on as a complement to the Qur'an when deduction Islamic Jurisprudence istr|fiqh from the Islamic Divine Law istr|Sharia.

Further, the very subject of the verdic is notable as well, since the permissibility of temporary marriages istr|Nikah Mut'ah after the life of Muhammad is a highly controversial subject between Shi'a and Sunnis.

It is important to note that all the people in the list are not universally agree upon to have holden the stated stance, rather, this article presents sources that present them as holding that stance.

List

Ali

Ali is regarded as one of the of the first four Rightly Guided Caliphs istr|Rashidun by the Sunnis, and is regarded as the first Divinely appointed Imam by Shi'as.

He is quoted in the Hadith of Umar, Mut'ah and wretched persons.

Tafseer Durre Manthur Volume 2 p. 40 commentary Nisa 24:

"Hakim was asked whether the verse on Mut'ah has been abrogated, he said "No, Ali (RA) said: The Mut'ah is a blessing from Allah to his servants. If it were not for Umar forbidding it, no one would commit (the sin) of fornication except the wretched (Shaqi; an utmost wrong-doer)".

In 'Lughuth al Hadeeth' Volume 4 page 9 Chapter "Meem", Maulana Waheed'ud Deen az Zaman further expands on the words of Maula 'Ali (as):

Hadhrath 'Ali [r] said 'Had Umar not banned Mut'ah then the only person to fornicate would have been a disgraceful person, since Mut'ah is easy, and one can attain the objective, there would have then been no need to indulge in haraam acts'.

Among Islamic scholars who held Ali as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni Al-Muhalla of, In the 9th section of the chapter of Marriage Ibn Hazm gives a detailed account of Mut'ah and its regulations.]

Hasan ibn Ali

Hasan ibn Ali, the son of Ali is regarded by some Sunnis as an alternative fifth Rightly Guided Caliph istr|Rashidun, and is regarded as the second Divinely appointed Imam by Shi'as.

Among Islamic scholars who held Hasan ibn Ali as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Abu Dharr al-Ghifari

Abu Dharr al-Ghifari, an early convert to Islam, a Muhajirun remembered for his strict piety and also his opposition to the caliph Uthman ibn Affan. He is venerated by Shi'a Muslims as one of the Four Companions, early Muslims who were followers of Ali ibn Abi Talib.

Among Islamic scholars who held Abu Dharr al-Ghifari as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Jabir ibn Abd-Allah

Jabir ibn Abd-Allah was a renowned companion of Muhammad and several of Muhammad's descendants, the Shi'a Imams.

He is quoted in the Hadith of Ibn al-Zubayr and Mut'ah.

Among Islamic scholars who held Hasan ibn Ali as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni
Fath al-Bari, Volume 9 p. 74 Dhikr Mut'ah:cquote|bgcolor=#F0FFF0|Those Sahaba of Ibn Abbas from Makka and Mina, remained firm on the position that Mut'ah was Mubah (permissible), and Ibn Hazm said, those that deemed Mut'ah halaal after Rasulullah(s) and remained firm in this position, included Ibn Masud, Mu'awiya, Abu Saeed, Salma wa Majid, Umayya's son, Jabeer and Umar bin Harith, Jabir cited the practise of Mut'ah by the Sahaba during the reign of Abu Bakr and Umar, amongst the Tabieen the jurists of Makkah and Taus and Saeed bin Jabayr and Ata deemed Mut'ah halaal. Those Tabieen that Ibn Hazm quoted on the lawfulness of Mut'ah, carried a Sahih chain, according to Abdul Razzaq]
*presentScholar|Ibn Hajar Asqalani|15th|Sunni|Shafi'i
*presentScholar|Muhammad ash-Shawkani|19thNayl al-Awtar Volume 6 page 53 (or 153 or 533) chapter Nikah Mut'ah:cquote|bgcolor=#F0FFF0|Those Sahaba who deemed Mut'ah halaal after Rasulullah(s) were Asma binte Abu Bakr, Jabir bin Abdullah, Abdullah bin Masud, Abdullah bin Abbas, Mu'awiyah, Umro bin Harith, Abu Saeed and Salma binte Umayya. Amongst the Taabi'een who deemed Mut'ah to be Halal were al Taus, Ata and Saed Bin Jabeer.]
*presentScholar|Muhammad Zakariya al-Kandahlawi|20th|Sunni|Deobandi
*Ibn Jazim

`Abd Allah ibn `Abbas

`Abd Allah ibn `Abbas was a cousin and student of Muhammad and later of Ali, revered by Shi'a and Sunnis alike for his knowledge. He was an expert in its exegesis, as well as an authority on the Sunnah of Muhammad due to his zeal in acquiring new knowledge.

He is quoted in the Hadith of Ibn al-Zubayr and Mut'ah.

Among Islamic scholars who held `Abd Allah ibn `Abbas as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni
*presentScholar|Yusuf ibn Abd-al-Barr|11th|Sunni|MalikiSharh al-Muwatta al-Malik (al-Zurqani) Volume 3 p. 54cquote|bgcolor=#F0FFF0|The Sahaba of Ibn Abbas from Makka and Min deemed Mut'ah to be halaal, according to Allamah Ibn Abdur Barr]
*PresentScholar|Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Thalabi|11th|Sunni Tafsir al-Thalabi as quoted in Tashdeed al Muthaeen page 1139:cquote|bgcolor=#F0FFF0|On Nikah of Mut'ah, Imran bin Husain, Ibn Abbas and a group amongst the Ahl'ul bayt and Sahaba deemed it halaal]
*presentScholar|Ibn Hajar Asqalani|15th|Sunni|Shafi'i Tafsir al-Mazhari, [http://www.answering-ansar.org/answers/mutah/tafseer_mazhari_v3_p19.jpgVolume 3, Page 19] :cquote|bgcolor=#F0FFF0|Ibn Hajr Asqalani cites those Tabieen that gave Fatwas on Mut'ah being halaal, they were Ibn Jurayj, Tawoos, 'Ataa', the students of Ibn Abbas, Sa'eed bin Jubair and the Fuqaha of Makka.]
*presentScholar|Muhammad ash-Shawkani|19th
*presentScholar|Muhammad al-Zurqani|18th|Sunni|Maliki
*presentScholar|Muhammad Zakariya al-Kandahlawi|20th|Sunni|Deobandi Al-Jaza al-Masalik Volume 9 p. 03, Mut'ahcquote|bgcolor=#F0FFF0|Ibn Jazim, states those people that deemed Mut'ah, Mubah (permissible) after Rasulullah were amongst the Sahaba, Abdullah bin Masud, Mu'awiya, Abu Saeed Al Khudri, Abdullah ibn Abbas, Salma, Mubid Umayya bin Khulafa's son, Jabir bin Abdullah Ansari, Umro bin Harees ]
*Ibn Jazim

Abd-Allah ibn Mas'ud

Abd-Allah ibn Mas'ud was the 6th man who converted to Islam after Muhammad started preaching in Mecca. He was also one of the closest companions to Muhammad, included by Sunnis in the Hadith of Learning Qur'an from four people.

=Muawiyah ibn Abu Sufyan=

Among Islamic scholars who held Abd-Allah ibn Mas'ud as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*presentScholar|‘Abd ar-Razzaq|9th|Sunni Fath al-Bari Volume 9 pages143-144:cquote|bgcolor=#F0FFF0|Mu'awiya contracted Mut'ah with a woman from Ta'if and this narration carries a sahih chain.

Zubayr ibn al-Awwam

He is quoted in the Hadith of Ibn al-Zubayr and Mut'ah.

Among Islamic scholars who held Zubayr ibn al-Awwam as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Asma bint Abu Bakr

He is quoted in the Hadith of Ibn al-Zubayr and Mut'ah.

Among Islamic scholars who held Zubayr ibn al-Awwam as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*presentScholar|Muhammad ash-Shawkani|19th

Imran ibn Husain

He is quoted in the Hadith of Mut'ah and Imran ibn Husain.

Abd-Allah ibn Umar

Among Islamic scholars who held Abd-Allah ibn Umar as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Ubay ibn Ka'b

Among Islamic scholars who held Ubay ibn Ka'b as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Abu-Sa'id al-Khudri

Awka' Ibn Abdillah

Among Islamic scholars who held Awka' Ibn Abdillah as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Salama ibn al-Akwa

Among Islamic scholars who held Salama ibn al-Akwa as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Khalid Ibn Muhajir

Among Islamic scholars who held Khalid Ibn Muhajir as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Umar ibn Harith

Umar ibn Harith/Amr ibn Huraith/Umro bin Harith

Salamah ibn Umayyah

Salma binte Umayya

Among Islamic scholars who held Salamah ibn Umayyah as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*presentScholar|Muhammad ash-Shawkani|19th

Suhair

Among Islamic scholars who held Suhair as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Sa'id ibn Jubayr

Sa'id ibn Jubayr was regarded as one of the leading members of the "Tabi‘in" and was counted by Nasir al-Din Tusi as one of the companions of the fourth Shia Imam, Ali ibn Husayn. Sa'id is held in the highest esteem by Shi'a and Sunni scholars and was considered one of the leading jurists of the time. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalāni and al-Dhahabi praise him greatly in their respective treatises. He also narrated several hadith from Ibn Abbas.

Musannaf of Abd al-Razzaq:

Ahmad ibn Tawoos

Among Islamic scholars who held Ahmad ibn Tawoos as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Tawus ibn Kaysan

Tawus ibn Kaysan was one of the "Tabi‘in", one of the narrators of hadith, and a student of `Abd Allah ibn `Abbas and a companion of the fourth Shia Imam, Ali Zayn al-Abidin, quoted as reliable in all major Sunni hadith collections.

Qotadah

Among Islamic scholars who held Qotadah as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Mujahid ibn Jabr

Among Islamic scholars who held Mujahid ibn Jabr as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Ata ibn Abi Rabah

Rabi'a ibn Umayya

Among Islamic scholars who held Rabi'a ibn Umayya as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ibn Hazm|11th|Sunni

Abu-Sa'id al-Khudri

Ibn Jurayj

Ibn Jurayj is counted amongst the great Meccan scholars, Ahmad ibn Hanbal said that he was a "treasure of knowledge" and some state that he composed the first hadith collection.

Ibn Jurraya deemed Nikah Mut'ah to be permissible and contracted Mut'ah with 70 to 90 women.

Among Islamic scholars who held Ibn Jurayj as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*presentScholar|Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi`i|9th|Sunni|Shafi'i Tadhkirat al-huffaz Volume 1 pages170 -171:cquote|bgcolor=#F0FFF0|"The scholar of Makkah, Abu Walid stated Khalid Abdul Malik bin Abdul Aziz bin Jurraya was a servant of the Banu Umayya and was amongst the Fuquha of Mecca, he has many appellations, and is counted amongst the great ulama, he was born a few years after 70 Hijri, and he met the great Sahaba. Ahmad Ibn Hanbal said "Ibn Jurraya was a treasure of knowledge". Jarir commented that Ibn Jurraya deemed Mut'ah to be permissible, and he contracted Mut'ah with 70 women. Ibn Abdul Hakim stated "heard from Imam Shafi'i says Ibn Jurraya contracted Mut'ah with 90 women".]
*presentScholar|Al-Dhahabi|14th|Sunni|Shafi'i
*presentScholar|Ibn Hajar Asqalani|15th|Sunni|Shafi'i
*presentScholar|Qadi Thanaullah Panipati|19th
*Ibn Abdul Hakim
*Jarir

alma wa Majid

Mubid Umayya bin Khulafa's son

*presentScholar|Muhammad Zakariya al-Kandahlawi|20th|Sunni|Deobandi
*Ibn Jazim

A group amongst the Ahl al-Bayt

Among Islamic scholars who held a group amongst the Ahl al-Bayt as a proponent of Nikah Mut'a are:
*PresentScholar|Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Thalabi|11th|Sunni

The Meccan jurists

The Jurists from Mina

References

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