Stockport air disaster

Infobox Airliner accident|name=Stockport Air Disaster
Crash

Date=4 June 1967
Type=Fuel starvation
Site=Stockport, United Kingdom
Fatalities=72
Injuries=12
Aircraft Type=Canadair C-4 Argonaut
Origin=Palma Airport
Destination=Ringway Airport
Operator=British Midland Airways
Tail Number=airreg|G|ALHG|disaster
Passengers=79
Crew=5
Survivors=12

The Stockport Air Disaster was the crash of a chartered Canadair C-4 Argonaut aircraft owned by British Midland Airways, registration G-ALHG, near Stockport, Greater Manchester, England on Sunday 4 June 1967. 72 of the 84 aboard were killed in the accident. The 12 survivors were seriously injured.

The accident

The aircraft which had been chartered by Arrowsmith Holidays Ltd, left Palma de Mallorca at 5:00 am, carrying holidaymakers back from the Balearic Islands to Manchester's Ringway Airport. The approach controller vectored it towards the ILS as soon as it reached the Congleton NDB, but the pilots were apparently unable to put the aircraft on the extended runway centreline and called an overshoot. As the aircraft was making a second approach to the airport, the Nos. 3 and 4 engines suddenly cut out over the town of Stockport, Greater Manchester and the No. 4 propeller began to windmill. The aircraft became uncontrollable and crashed at 10:09 am local time in an open area between buildings close to Stockport's town centre.

The investigation

Investigators with the Accidents Investigation Branch (AIB) determined that the aircraft had run out of fuel because of a previously unrecognized flaw in the model's fuel system. The Argonaut is equipped with eight fuel tanks connected in pairs by selector valves. Each pair of tanks feeds one engine, but there is also a cross-feed system whereby fuel from any pair of tanks can be routed through the system if necessary. It was discovered that if the selector valves in the cross-feed system were just a few degrees off the normal "off" setting, fuel could inadvertently bleed through the valves. This could cause one pair of tanks to empty completely in flight, and the engine fed by the empty tanks would stop. Moreover, although the selectors were designed to "click" when they were set correctly, the click was not discernible unless the pilot leaned forward in his seat, an impossibility given the requirement for Argonaut pilots to wear snug shoulder harnesses during flight. This tendency had been noticed by pilots of other Argonauts in the past, but neither British Midland nor the other airlines using the Argonaut (Trans-Canada Airlines and Canadian Pacific Airlines) had reported it to the manufacturer or to British Midland. Without this information, the AIB believed that it would have been extremely difficult for the pilots of G-ALHG to determine the exact nature of the emergency.

The AIB also examined passenger and crew survivability during the accident. Autopsies on the passengers showed that although those in the very front of the fuselage had been killed by rapid deceleration injuries, those further aft had suffered massive crushing injuries to their lower legs that prevented them from escaping the burning wreckage. Investigators discovered that the bracing bars meant to keep the rows of seats separate were too weak to prevent the rows from collapsing together like a concertina, and determined that had the bars been adequately strong, most of the passengers would have been able to escape the aircraft.

Although news reports stated that the pilot chose to crash in an open area, the AIB found no evidence to support this belief. The aircraft happened to be over an open area at the time the starboard engines cut out, and AIB investigators believed that the aircraft was completely uncontrollable after the loss of power. The captain, who survived, did not remember the accident sequence, and the first officer died.

Legacy of the accident

In 1998 a memorial plaque was unveiled (by two survivors) at the scene of the accident. It bears the

"IN MEMORY"
"OF THE"
"SEVENTY TWO PASSENGERS"
"AND CREW"
"WHO LOST THEIR LIVES"
"IN THE"
"STOCKPORT AIR DISASTER"
"4TH JUNE 1967"

In 2002 a further memorial was unveiled at the site, to the rescuers who risked their lives to pull survivors from the burning aeroplane. Both memorials will be moved a short distance under current plans to redevelop the site.

ee also

* List of accidents and incidents on commercial airliners
* Air safetyThere is also a Book called "When the sky fell down" which was released for the 2002 memorial, which featured the remaining survivors and those affected by the disaster on the rear.

External links and references

* cite web
url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/insideout/northwest/series1/stockport-air-disaster.shtml
title= Stockport Air Disaster
accessdate= 2008-04-21
date= 2002-10-28
work= BBC Inside Out
publisher= British Broadcasting Company
language= English
quote= A new generation are learning how these long-forgotten heroes played a courageous role in Cheshire's darkest day.
* "Air Disaster, Vol. 4: The Propeller Era", by Macarthur Job, Aerospace Publications Pty. Ltd. (Australia), 2001 ISBN 1-875671-48-X, pp. 154-169.
* [http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19670604-0&lang=en Stockport Air Disaster] at the Aviation Safety Network