Yibbum

Yibbum

Yibbum (pronounced "yee-boom"), or Levirate Marriage, in Judaism, is one of the most complex types of marriages mandated by Torah law (Deuteronomy 25:5-10). According to the law, the brother of a man who died without children has an obligation to marry the widow. However, if the one of the parties refuses to go through with the marriage, both are required to go through a ceremony known as "halizah", involving a symbolic act of renunciation of their right to perform this marriage. Jewish law ("halakha") has seen a gradual decline of "yibbum" in favor of "halizah", to the point where in most contemporary Jewish communities the former is strongly discouraged.

The concept of "yibbum" is not unique to Judaism. Known as levirate marriage (when the marriage is to the deceased's brother) or widow inheritance (when it is to any surviving male relative), it has been practiced by other societies with a strong clan structure. It is or was known in societies including the Punjabis, Jats, Huns (Chinese "Xiongnu", "Hsiong-nu", etc.), Mongols, and Tibetans.

In the Hebrew Bible


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